Search

Visceral hemangiosarcoma were analyzed at the Department of Veterinary Pathology of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, over a 5-year period. From a total of 52 tumor masses in a total of 31 dogs, histological growth patterns (cavernous, capillary or solid) and the amount of tumor supporting stroma were evaluated. Additionally, sections were stained with toluidine blue for the purpose of mast cell detection and their number was determined in the tumor parenchyma, tumor stroma and edges. The average age of the affected animals was 10 years, males predominated, and the tumors occurred most frequently in cross breeds, German Shepherd dogs and Labrador Retrievers. The highest number of visceral hemangiosarcoma was found in the spleen (27/52). The most common growth pattern of visceral hemangiosarcoma was solely cavernous with a mixture of cavernous and solid patterns in different proportions. Mast cells were found in 44/52 (84.6%) of the visceral hemangiosarcomas. A smaller number of mast cells were found in the tumor parenchyma, and higher number were found in the stroma and tumor edges. The number of mast cells in tumors was not significantly associated with the tumor growth pattern, but there was a positive correlation between MCC - tumor parenchyma and stroma (rs = 0.28, P, U radu su analizirani pseći visceralni hemangiosarkomi koji su tijekom petogodišnjeg razdoblja dostavljeni u Zavod za veterinarsku patologiju Veterinarskog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu. Utvrđena su ukupno 52 tumora u ukupno 31 psa. Analizirani su histološki obrasci rasta (kavernozni, kapilarni i solidni) te količina potporne strome tumora. Osim toga uzorci su obojeni toluidinskim modrilom radi vizualizacije mastocita te je određen njihov broj u parenhimu tumora, u stromi i na rubovima tumora. Prosječna dob zahvaćenih pasa bila je 10 godina, prevladavali su mužjaci, a tumori su najčešće nađeni kod križane pasmine, njemačkog ovčara i labradora retrivera. Najveći broj visceralnih hemangiosarkoma nađen je u slezeni (27/52). Najčešći obrazac rasta visceralnog hemangiosarkoma bio je čisti kavernozni, uz kombinaciju kavernoznog i solidnog obrasca u različitim omjerima. Mastociti su pronađeni u 44 od 52 visceralna hemangiosarkoma (84,6 %). Manji broj mastocita nađen je u parenhimu tumora, a veći broj u stromi i na rubovima tumora. Broj mastocita u tumorima nije bio znakovito povezan s obrascem njegova rasta, ali je u svim ispitivanim tumorima utvrđena pozitivna korelacija između broja mastocita – parenhima i strome (rs = 0,28, P < 0,05), broja mastocita – strome tumora + ruba tumora (rs = 0,74, P < 0,05) i broja mastocita – parenhima i broja mastocita – strome tumora + ruba tumora (rs = 0,30, P < 0,05). U tumorima slezene znakovita pozitivna korelacija bila je samo između broja mastocita – stroma + ruba tumora (rs = 0, 68; P < 0,05). Ovi rezultati upućuju na veći broj mastocita u tumorima s razvijenijim stromalnim komponentama u psećim visceralnim hemangiosarkomima. Potrebna su daljnja istraživanja uloge mastocita i čimbenika koje oslobađaju u razvoju odnosno progresiji hemangiosarkoma.

Naglo uginuće životinje u perianestezijskom razdoblju stres je ne samo za vlasnike nego i za doktore veterinarske medicine. Životinje koje uginu tijekom sedacije, anestezije ili unutar 24 sata od buđenja iz anestezije čine relativno mali, ali važan broj slučajeva koji se gotovo redovito upućuju na obdukciju u dijagnostičke laboratorije. No istraživanja koja prikazuju uzroke uginuća navedenih životinja malobrojna su. Ovaj rad donosi retrospektivnu analizu obdukcijskih nalaza životinja koje su dostavljene na obdukciju u Zavod za veterinarsku patologiju Veterinarskog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu od 2009. do 2019. godine, a uginule su u perianestezijskom razdoblju. U tom je razdoblju na obdukciju dostavljeno 2376 životinja, od čega je 37 životinja (1,6 %) dostavljeno s anamnezom uginuća u perianestezijskom razdoblju. Najveći broj životinja činili su psi (26/37, 70 %) i mačke (7/37, 19 %). Kod svih 37 životinja anamnestički podaci su, osim podataka o vlasniku i životinji, uključivali i podatke o razlogu zbog kojeg je životinja sedirana ili anestezirana i podatke o vremenu uginuća (tijekom sedacije ili anestezije, prilikom uvođenja u anesteziju ili unutar 24 sata od buđenja iz anestezije). Najviše životinja (19/37, 51 %) uginulo je u roku od 24 sata od buđenja iz anestezije. Patološke promjene koje su bile dostatne kao razlog uginuća životinja u perianestezijskom razdoblju utvrđene su kod 15/37 (40 %) životinja, a promjene su najviše zahvaćale srce i respiratorni sustav. Kod 4/37 životinja (11 %) utvrđene su komplikacije u vezi s kirurškim zahvatom, a kod 6/37 životinja (16 %) utvrđena je diseminirana intravaskularna koagulopatija (DIK). U preostalih 12/37 životinja (32 %) kao uzrok smrti naveden je kardiorespiratorni arest, najvjerojatnije kao posljedica anestezije te kod tih životinja nisu utvrđene druge patološke promjene koje su mogle utjecati na uginuće u peranestetičkom razdoblju. Glavni cilj obdukcije životinja koje uginu u perianestezijskom razdoblju jest isključivanje određenih patoloških stanja i ijatrogenih komplikacija koje mogu biti uzrokom uginuća, a u definiranju uzroka uginuća iznimno je važna i iscrpna klinička anamneza te dijalog kliničara i patologa., The sudden death of an animal in the perianesthetic period is stressful not only for the owners but also for veterinarians. Animals that die during sedation, anesthesia, or within 24 hours postanesthesia represent a relatively small but important number of cases that are almost regularly submitted for necropsy to diagnostic laboratories. However, surveys presenting the causes of death of these animals are rare. The aim of the present study was a retrospective analysis of necropsy findings in animals submitted to the Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, in the period from 2009 to 2019, that died in the perianesthetic period. During this period, 2376 animals were submitted for necropsy, of which 37 animals (1.6%) were submitted with a history of unexpected death in the perianesthetic period. The majority of animals were dogs (26/37, 70%) and cats (7/37, 19%). In all 37 animals, in addition to data about the owners and animals, anamnestic data included the reason why the animal was sedated or anesthetized, and time of death (sedation, induction to anesthesia, maintenance of anesthesia, or 24 hours postanesthesia). The majority of animals (19/37, 51%) died within 24 hours postanesthesia. Pathological changes that were sufficient as the cause of the death of the animals in the perianesthetic period were found in 15/37 (40%) animals, and the changes mostly affected the heart and respiratory system. Complications associated with surgery were found in 4/37 (11%) animals, and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC) was found in 6/37 (16%) animals. In the remaining 12/37 (32%) animals, cardiorespiratory arrest was identified as the cause of death, most likely as a consequence of anesthesia, without other pathological changes that could contribute to the death of the animals in the peranesthetic period. The main goal of necropsy in animals that die in the perianesthetic period is exclusion of certain pathological conditions and iatrogenic complications that may be the cause of death. In defining the cause of death in perianesthetic mortality cases a detailed clinical history and dialogue between the clinicians and pathologists is of great importance.

Tumori sjemenika su jedni od najčešćih tumora muškaraca i pasa, a tumori zametnih stanica su česti i morfološki slični u obje vrste, ali su različitog biološkog ponašanja. Materijal i metode:Analizirani su sjemenici obduciranih pasa i uzorci tumora dostavljenih nakon operacija koji su analizirani na Veterinarskom fakultetu Sveučilišta u Zagrebu te biopsirani uzorci tumora sjemenika muškaraca sa Zavoda za patologiju KBC Zagreb. Rezultati:Utvrđena je učestalost tumora testisa obduciranih pasa od 52 % te incidencija tumora testisa u odnosu na ostale biopsirane tumore pasa od 7 %. Prosječna dob obduciranih pasa s tumorima testisa bila je 10,16 te 10,24 godina za operirane pse. Prosječna dob muškaraca s tumorima testisa je bila 33,35 godina. U sjemenicima obduciranih pasa su najčešći bili tumori Leydigovih stanica, a u biopsiranim seminomi. Uz ove tumore u obje skupine najzastupljeniji su bili tumori Sertolijevih stanica te mješoviti tumori i GCNIS. GCNIS je kao dodatna promjena utvrđena u 25 % tumoroznih testisa s obdukcije te u 19 % biopsiranih testisa. Kod muškaraca su najčešći bili seminomi, embrionalni karcinomi, teratomi, GCNIS te mješoviti tumori zametnih stanica. GCNIS je kao dodatna promjena dijagnosticiran u 65 % tumoroznih sjemenika muškaraca. Imunohistokemijskom analizom utvrđena je korisnost c-KIT, PLAP, citokeratin AE1/AE3 i CD 30 u diferencijaciji tumora testisa pasa, a potvrđena je njihova svrhovitost za diferencijaciju tumora testisa muškaraca. Citokeratin je pokazao dobre rezultate u diferencijaciji stromalnih tumora od tumora zametnih stanica pasa. c-KIT i PLAP su pokazali veću ekspresiju u tumorima zametnih stanica, a PLAP je eksprimiran i u GCNIS. CD 30 je u tumorima pasa imao slabu ekspresiju. Rasprava i zaključci:Obavljenom histopatološkom analizom i upotrebom PLAP biljega dokazano je postojanje GCNIS u testisima pasa. Ekspresija PLAP i c-KIT tumorskog biljega potvrdila je hipotezu da se seminomi pasa mogu kao i kod muškaraca svrstati u c-KIT pozitivne klasične te c-KIT negativne spermatocitične seminome, tj. spermatocitne tumore., Testicular tumors are among most prevalent tumors in men and dogs. Germ cell tumors have different biological behavior, but are morphologicaly similar and very frequent in both species. Material and methods:Testicles from necropsied dogs and the samples of biopsed canine tumors, from the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagreb, are analyzed. Analyzed are also samples of biopsed men tumors from the Pathology Depertment, University Hospital Centre Zagreb. Results:Testicular tumors were found in 52% of necropsied, and regarding other biopsed tumors testicular comprised 7% of all biopsed canine tumors. Median age of necropsied dogs with testicular tumors was 10,16 and for biopsed dogs 10,24 years. Human patients developed testicular tumors at a medium age of 33,35 years. In the necropsied dogs group most frequent were Leydig cell tumors, and in biopsed group most common were seminomas. Additionaly in both groups very frequent were also Sertoli cell tumors, mixed tumors and GCNIS. GCNIS are additionaly found in 25% of necropsied and 19% of biopsed dog testicles. In the human testicles, most frequently diagnosed were seminomas, embrional carcinomas, teratomas, GCNIS and mixed germ cell tumors. GCNIS as additional alterations were diagnosed in 65% of human testicular tumors. Performed immunohistochemical analysis showed that investigated markers are useful for differentiation of canine testicular tumors. In dogs, cytokeratin AE1/AE3 showed particularly good results in differentiation of stromal tumor, especially Sertoli cell tumors from the germ cell tumors. c-KIT and PLAP showed higher expression in germ cell tumors, and PLAP showed expression in GCNIS of the dogs. CD 30 was weakly expressed in canine tumors. Discussion and conclusions:Conducted histopatological analyis and application of PLAP proving existance of GCNIS in canine testicles. Expression of c-KIT confirmed that canine seminomas can be, like in human, classified into two groups: c-KIT positive classical seminomas and c-KIT negativne spermatocytic tumors.

Circumanal gland tumors are very common neoplasms of dogs. Their classification relies on microscopic examination and is further supported by a few immunohistochemical markers that help indicate their prognosis. However, new additional tests would be highly useful. The purpose of this study was to develop such a test using fractal analysis which is increasingly being applied in science, especially in the field of biomedicine. A total of 53 circumanal gland tumors were chosen from our department archives. After a precise histological classification according to the World Health Organization classification, the number of de novo classified samples was as follows: 15 adenomas, 11 epitheliomas, 21 well differentiated carcinomas, 6 poorly differentiated carcinomas. Ten samples of normal circumanal gland were also included as control. All samples were immunohistochemicaly stained with vimentin. All immunohistochemical reactions were photographed at two different magnifications -100X and 400X and converted to 1 bit in black and white (bitmap) images thus enhancing the positive vimentin reactions. These images were used for the assessment of fractal dimension applying the box counting method and computer software Fractalyse. To determine the significance of results, conventional statistics were performed using Statistica software. The overall vimentin stain score was significantly higher in epitheliomas and carcinomas than in normal circumanal glands (CG) or adenomas. Mean values of fractal dimension estimated at magnification 100X and 400X were as follows: normal CG 1.318 and 1.372, CG adenomas 1.384 and 1.408, CG epitheliomas 1.547 and 1.597, CG well differentiated carcinomas 1.569 and 1.607, CG poorly differentiated carcinomas 1.679 and 1.723. Significant differences (at level of 5%) of these values were observed between individual groups of CG adenomas or normal CG, and epitheliomas or carcinomas. The above results indicate vimentin immunohistochemistry staining and assessment of fractal dimension as an ancillary diagnostic method of choice when discerning between benign and malignant tumors of circumanal glands. Additional development of the method of fractal dimension assesment may yield a possibility for this tool to successfully discern between all of the types of CG tumors.

Lymphomas are common in dogs and among them diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) represent ∼20%. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare results of histopathological, immunohistochemical and fractal dimension (FD) analyses of canine DLBCL.

Hemangiosarkomi su maligni tumori vaskularnog endotela koji su zbog svoje relativno visoke učestalosti i visokog mortaliteta najznačajniji u pasa. Najopasniji su hemangiosarkomi uške desne srčane predklijetke jer mogu bez prethodnih kliničkih znakova dovesti do fatalne rupture desne pretklijetke i posljedične tamponade srca. Ovaj kratki osvrt opisuje osnovnu biologiju i patologiju ovog tumora u pasa, koristeći pri tom jedan tipični i ilustrativni primjer iz prakse., Hemangiosarcomas are malignant tumors of the vascular endothelium. These tumors are particularly important in dogs, since in this species they have relatively high incidence and cause high mortality. The most dangerous are hemangiosarcomas arising on the auricle of the right atrium, which, without any previous signs, may cause fatal rupture of the right atrium and subsequent cardiac tamponade. This short review describes the basic biology and pathology of this neoplasm in dogs, using one typical case from practice as an illustrative example.

Background: Testicular tumors are the most common genital neoplasms in male dogs, with Leydig cell tumors (LCT), seminomas (SEM), and Sertoli cell tumors (SCT) the most common forms. Human SEM are classified as classical (CSEM) or spermatocytic (SSEM). Intratubular germ cell neoplasia of undifferentiated origin (IGCNU) is another form of human testicular tumor. The aim of this study was to verify that CSEM/SSEM classification is valid in dogs and confirm the existence of canine IGCNU. Results: Testicular tumors were found in 46% of dogs at necropsy and accounted for 7% of tumors biopsied. The median age of dogs with tumors at necropsy was 10.16 years; median age at positive biopsy was 10.24 years. The most common tumors, in decreasing order, were LCT, mixed tumors, SEM and SCT at necropsy, and SEM, SCT, mixed tumors, LCT, peripheral nerve sheath tumor, and teratoma in the biopsy group. IGCNU was found in 3% of testicles at necropsy and in 3% of biopsy samples. Two dogs had testicular tumor metastasis. Expression of c-KIT was most common in SEM and seminomatous components of mixed tumors. PLAP was mostly expressed in IGCNU, SEM, teratoma, and some mixed tumors. Cytokeratin was mainly expressed in SCT. CD30 expression was low in both groups. Conclusions: The high tumor incidence at necropsy can be attributed to older age. Tumor incidence in biopsy samples, dog age, and histological classification were consistent with previous studies. The higher incidence of SEM and SCT in the biopsy group probably resulted from the obvious clinical expression of these tumor types. The low incidence of metastasis confirmed the predominance of benign tumors. Low CD30 expression confirmed the low incidence of testicular embryonal carcinoma. Cytokeratin helps differentiate stromal tumors, especially SCT, from germ cell tumors. Histology and c-KIT and PLAP expression indicate that IGCNU exists in dogs. Expression of c-KIT and PLAP confirmed that CSEM and SSEM classification is valid in dogs.

The prevalence of cutaneous mast cell sarcomas (MCSs) was investigated at the Department of Veterinary Pathology of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine from January 1st, 2008 to December 31st, 2012. The frequency of tumor grades was established in relation to the breed, sex and localization in Croatia. In the analyzed period a total of 1939 tumors were diagnosed, of which 928 were skin tumors, and MCS were found in 125 animals, or in 13.47% of skin tumors. MCSs were found more frequently in male dogs (n = 77 or 61.6%) and the average age was 7.83 years. A higher incidence of these tumors were on the thorax (16.8%), hind limbs (12.8%), abdomen (12%), head (9.6%), forelimb (7.20%) and neck (6.4%). Golden Retrievers, mongrels and Boxers were the most frequent breeds. Grade I tumors were found in 24.8% (n = 31) of animals, of which 67.74% (n = 21) were male and 32.26 (n = 10) female; grade II was found in 41.6% (n = 52) of which 59.62% (n = 31) were male and 40.38% (n = 21) female; and grade III was found in 33.6% (n = 42) of which 59.53% (n = 25) were male and 40.44 (n = 17) female. The percentage of grades I, II and III in male dogs was 27.27%, 40.26% and 32.47% respectively and in females 20.83%; 43.75% and 35.42% respectively. The average age of dogs with grade I, II and III tumors was 7.82, 7.69, and 7.99 years respectively. The most frequent on the head was grade II, on the neck grades I and III equally, and on the forelimbs, hind limbs, back, abdomen, tail and preputium grade II was most frequent. The most frequent grade on the perineum, scrotum and multiple locations was grade III. In the Golden Retrievers the most frequent location of tumors was the thorax, in the mongrels there were multiple locations and in Boxers the abdomen was most frequent., Na Zavodu za veterinarsku patologiju Veterinarskog fakulteta u Zagrebu istraživana je pojavnost mastocitoma koji nastaju od tkivnih mastocita u dermisu i supkutisu u razdoblju od 1. siječnja 2008. do 31. prosinca 2012. godine. Utvrđena je njihova pojava ovisno o spolu, pasmini, dobi i lokaciji te učestalost pojedinog stupnja tumora ovisno o pasmini, spolu i lokaciji. U analiziranom razdoblju zabilježeno je ukupno 1939 tumora od kojih je bilo 928 tumora kože, a mastocitomi su utvrđeni u 125 životinja odnosno 13,47% od ukupnog broja tumora kože. Mastocitomi su bili najčešći u muških životinja (n = 77 ili 61,6%) prosječne dobi 7,83 godine. Pojavnost tumora bila je najčešća na toraksu (16,8%), stražnjim udovima (12,8%), trbuhu (12%), prednjim udovima (7,20%) i vratu (6,4%). Najveća učestalost mastocitoma bila je u zlatnog retrivera. Stupanj I. tumora utvrđen je u 24,8% slučajeva (n = 31) od kojih su 67,74% bili mužjaci (n = 21), a 32,26% (n = 10) ženke; stupanj II. tumora u 41,6% (n = 52) od kojih su 59,62% (n = 31) bili mužjaci, a 40,38% (n = 21) ženke; stupanj III. tumora je utvrđen u 33,6% (n = 42) od kojih je 59,53 (n = 25) bilo mužjaka i 40,44 (n = 17) ženki. Udio stupnja I., II. i III. u mužjaka je bio retrospektivno 27,27%; 40,26% i 32,47%, a u ženki 20,83%; 43,75% and 35,42%. Prosječna dob životinja s tumorom stupnja I. iznosila 7,82 godine, stupnja II. 7,69, a s tumorom stupnja III. 7,99 godina. Na glavi je najčešće zabilježen stupanj II. tumora, na vratu podjednako stupanj I. i III., na prednjim i stražnjim udovima, leđima, trbuhu, repu i prepuciju najčešći je bio stupanj II. tumora dok je III. stupanj bio najčešći na perineumu, skrotumu te na multiplim lokacijama. U zlatnog retrivera tumor je najčešće bio ustanovljen na grudnom košu, u boksera na trbuhu, a u križanaca na različitim mjestima po tijelu.

Neoplastic diseases are among the leading health concerns in medicine. As such, epidemiological studies considering canine tumours are beneficial in understanding the patterns of tumour occurrence. The aim of this study was to analyze data on the occurrence of canine tumours in Croatia. From 1 January 2006 to 31 December 2009, a total of 1568 tumours were diagnosed after routine biopsy submission or necropsy. The WHO classification was used for designating tumour type. Most tumours (59.1%) were malignant, 35.4% were benign, while the remainder (5.29%) were treated as not specified. Tumours originated from the skin and subcutis (45.73%), mammary gland (21.75%) and genital system (7.97%). The most common specific tumour types diagnosed were mammary tubulopapillary carcinoma (7.14%), mast cell tumour (4.91%) and fibrosarcoma (4.91%). Differences in tumour occurrence in dog populations from inland and coastal areas were negligible in all but mammary tumours (20.54% in inland; 28.63% in coastal areas) and mammary tubulopapillary carcinoma (6.37% in inland; 11.54% in coastal areas). Using data from the Croatian national registry of vaccinated dogs, the crude incidence of tumours was calculated only for the Zagreb area. Expressed as the number of tumours per 100,000 dogs per year, the incidence was 1504 for all tumours, 532 for benign and 790 for malignant tumours. The overall frequencies of dominant tumour types and the crude incidence of canine tumours in the Zagreb area are comparable to other investigations., Neoplastične bolesti prednjače po svom značenju u zdravstvu. S obzirom na to epidemiološka istraživanja tumora u pasa korisna su u razumijevanju pravilnosti pojavljivanja tumora. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je analizirati podatke o pojavnosti tumora u pasa u Hrvatskoj. U razdoblju od 1. siječnja 2006. do 31. prosinca 2009. dijagnosticirano je ukupno 1568 tumora, bilo da se radilo o rutinski dostavljenim biopsijama ili materijalu izuzetih s razudbi. Za određivanje tipa tumora koristilo se klasifikacijom Svjetske zdravstvene organizacije. Većina tumora (59,1%) bila je zloćudna, 35,4% tumora bilo je dobroćudno, dok su se ostali (5,29%) smatrali neodređenima. Tumori su potjecali iz kože i potkožja (45,73%), mliječne žlijezde (21,75%) i spolnoga sustava (7,97%). Najčešći specifični tipovi tumora koji su dijagnosticirani bili su tubulopapilarni karcinom mliječne žlijezde (7,14%), mastocitom i fibrosarkom (4,91%). Razlike u pojavnosti tumora u populaciji pasa kopnene te primorske Hrvatske bile su zanemarive za sve organske sustave, osim kod tumora mliječne žlijezde (20,54% kopnena Hrvatska, 28,63% primorska Hrvatska), te pojedinačno kod tubulopapilarnog karcinoma mliječnežlijezde (6,37% kopnena Hrvatska; 11,54% primorska Hrvatska). Koristeći se podatcima iz Hrvatskoga nacionalnog registra cijepljenih pasa, izračunata je gruba pojavnost tumora u pasa na području grada Zagreba. Izražena kao broj tumora na 100 000 pasa po godini, incidencija je iznosila 1504 za sve tumore, 532 za dobroćudne tumore te 790 za zloćudne tumore. Sveukupna učestalost dominantnih tipova tumora te gruba incidencija tumora u pasa na području grada Zagreba usporediva je s onom iz drugih istraživanja.

Metaldehid je organski spoj, ciklički polimer, odnosno tetramer acetaldehida. Aktivni je sastojak u limacidima, odnosno u pripravcima koji služe za suzbijanje puževa. Najviše su ugroženi perad i druge ptice jer rado jedu uginule puževe, zatim psi i mačke. U radu su prikazani slučajevi trovanja (četiri psa i jedna mačka) u kućnih ljubimaca za koje se opravdano sumnja na trovanje limacidima. Opisana je klinička slika, predočen je patološkoanatomski i patohistološki nalaz. Patološke su lezije nespecifi čne, a mogu zahvatiti jetra, bubrege, pluća, srce, mozak te želudac i crijeva. Dijagnostici trovanja pomaže specifičan nalaz tirkiznoga želučanog sadržaja. Konačna dijagnoza postavlja se toksikološkom pretragom sadržaja želudca, dok se svim drugim pretragama može postaviti samo opravdana sumnja s obzirom na to da nema patognomoničnoga nalaza., Metaldehyde is an organic compound, a polymer ie cyclic tetramer of acetaldehyde. It is the active ingredient in molluscicide or in products that are used against slugs and snails. Most vulnerable to poisoning are poultry and other birds, because they prefere to eat dead snails. Endangered to poisoning are also dogs and cats. This paper presents the cases of poisoning in four dogs and one cat that are reasonably suspected of poisoning with metaldehyde. It contains the clinical features, pathoanatomical and histopathological fi ndings. Pathological lesions are non-specifi c, and they can affect the liver, kidneys, lungs, heart, brain, stomach andintestines. Specifi c fi ndings are turquoise-coloured in the gastric contents. Due to no patognomonic fi ndings, pathomorfological and histopathological examination can only rise suspicion to poisoning with metaldehyde. Diagnosis is made by toxicological examination of gastric contents.

Solitary or multiple lipomas in dogs may occur almost anywhere in the subcutaneous tissue of the trunk, gluteal region and proximal limbs, although they rarely originate from abdominal fat deposits. In the present report, we describe a case of a massive rupture of necrotic omental lipoma, and free fat release within the abdominal cavity, causing a severe chronic inflammatory reaction of the peritoneum and resulting in sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis of several abdominal organs., Pojedinačni ili višestruki lipomi u pasa mogu se pojaviti gotovo bilo gdje u potkožnom tkivu trupa, glutealne regije te proksimalnih dijelova udova. Lipomi podrijeklom od trbušnoga masnog tkiva izrazito su rijetki. U ovom radu prikazan je slučaj masivne rupture nekrotičnog lipoma omentuma uslijed koje je došlo do curenja slobodne masti u trbušnu šupljinu i pokretanja opsežne kronične upalne reakcije potrbušnice koja je u konačnici rezultirala sklerozirajućim inkapsulirajućim peritonitisom nekoliko trbušnih organa.

Background: There are numerous reports linking Chlamydia infection to human coronary atherosclerosis. However, there is a lack of data regarding this correlation in dogs and cats, and there are no reports investigating coronary arteriosclerosis and Chlamydia in these species. The aim of the present study was to examine whether there is a correlation between canine and feline spontaneous atherosclerosis or arteriosclerosis and the presence of Chlamydia. Archived histopathological samples of dogs (n = 16) and cats (n = 13) with findings of atherosclerosis or arteriosclerosis in heart tissue were examined for the presence of Chlamydiaceae using real-time PCR, ArrayTube Microarray and immunohistochemistry. Additionally, arteriosclerotic lesions of all cases were histologically classified and graded. Results: Both canine atherosclerotic cases, and all 14 canine arteriosclerotic cases were negative for Chlamydia. Only one of the 13 arteriosclerotic feline cases was positive for Chlamydia by real-time PCR, revealing C. abortus by ArrayTube Microarray. To our knowledge, this is the first description of C. abortus in a cat. Overall, the type and grade of canine and feline arteriosclerotic lesions revealed similarities, and were predominantly moderate and hyperplastic. Conclusions: These findings suggest that there is no obvious correlation between canine and feline coronary arteriosclerosis and the presence of Chlamydia. In order to draw final conclusions about the correlation between Chlamydia and canine atherosclerosis, examination of more samples is required., BMC Research Notes, 4, ISSN:1756-0500

Sebaceous metaplasia arising within a complex adenoma of the left fourth mammary gland is described in a 9-year-old miniature pinscher bitch. Microscopically, the tumour was composed of tubular and ductular structures admixed with clusters of spindle-shaped, myoepithelial-like cells and units formed of well-differentiated sebocytes surrounded by basaloid cells. Abundant lipid droplets were identified within the latter population by Sudan III staining. Immunohistochemical expression of cytokeratin AE1/AE3 was detected in epithelial cells and in the cells with sebaceous differentiation.

The frequency of different types of mammary lesions and their relationship with histologic grade was investigated. One hundred and forty-six mammary lesions were classified according to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. Selected lesions (51 malignant and 24 benign) were investigated to determine the immunohistochemical expression of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), HER-2 and Ki-67 and their relationship with tumor factors. The most common breeds affected were cross breeds, poodles, cocker spaniels and German shepherds and the median age of tumor diagnosis was 10 years (range 4 - 15 years of age). Classification of all canine mammary gland lesions revealed 110 (75.3%) malignant and 36 (24.7%) benign tumors. ERα was expressed by 9/24 (37.5%) benign and 9/51 (17.6%) malignant tumors. HER-2 protein was detected in 5/51 (9.8%) malignant tumors but none in the 24 benign tumors. The Ki-67 index was higher in malignant (mean 29.5) than benign (mean 9.1) tumors (P, U radu je prikazana učestalost različitih tipova lezija mliječne žlijezde u kuja te stupanj malignosti tumora. Sto četrdeset i šest lezija mliječne žlijezde je klasificirano prema kriterijima Svjetske zdravstvene organizacije. Odabrane lezije (51 maligna i 24 benigne) bile su podvrgnute imunohistokemijskoj analizi radi utvrđivanja ekspresije estrogenskih receptora alfa (ERα), HER-2 i Ki-67 te njihovoga značenja u odnosu na neke karakteristike tumora. Tumori mliječne žlijezde najčešće su bili utvrđeni u križane pasmine, pudla, koker španijela i njemačkih ovčara, a dijagnosticirani su prosječno u dobi od 10 godina (raspon od 4 do 15 godina). Klasifikacija svih lezija mliječne žlijezde kuja pokazala je 75,3% malignih i 24,7% benignih tumora. Ekspresija ERα bila je utvrđena u 9/24 (37,5%) benignih i 9/51 (17,6%) malignih tumora. Ekspresija HER-2 proteina utvrđena je u 5/51 (9,8%) malignih tumora, a u benignih tumora nije bila utvrđena. Ki-67 indeks bio je veći u malignih (aritmetička sredina 29,5) nego u benignih (aritmetička sredina 9,1) tumora (P