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A new, less invasive technique of cryptorchidectomy in the dog is described. The technique makes use of a laparoscope equipped with a telescope for diagnostic purposes (identification of testicle site); and then of a forceps to grasp the deferent duct and force the testicle through a small, laparotomic incision, 2.5 cm long, in the parapenien site. Variations, according to the kind of cryptorchidism (bilateral or unilateral, abdominal, inguinal), are also discussed. The operation ends with suturing of the vascular stem of the testicle (resorbable sutures) and orchiectomy. This technique is easy to carry out and has the advantage of not being invasive since it does not involve a median laparotomy preceded by overturning of the penis. Three operations have been performed: two on cases of unilateral cryptorchidism and one on a case of bilateral cryptorchidism.

Simple Summary The diagnosis of canine reproductive neoplasia remains challenging as none of the routinely performed diagnostic methods appear to have sufficient sensitivity or specificity. In recent years, advanced imaging techniques have been successfully performed in small animals; however, even though the incidence of reproductive neoplasia is high, no data are available on the performance of these techniques. This review evaluates the applicability of various diagnostic imaging modalities in dogs and describes the findings and specific patterns that may characterise different tumour types. Lamentably, some of the advanced imaging techniques have not yet been adopted as first-line diagnostic tools, although it is clear that in the future they will become important methods for the detection of male and female reproductive neoplasia. Abstract Diagnostic imaging plays an essential role in the diagnosis and management of reproductive neoplasia in dogs and cats. The initial diagnosis, staging, and planning of surgical and radiation treatment and the response to therapy all involve imaging to varying degrees. Routine radiographs, ultrasound, nuclear medicine, and cross-sectional imaging in the form of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are routinely used in canine reproductive disorders. The choice of imaging modality depends on many factors, including the level of referral and the pathological information required. The biological behaviour of the tumour also guides the choice of imaging in cancer staging, and imaging may play an important role in guiding serial tumour biopsy during the course of therapy. The sophistication of imaging modalities is increasing exponentially. Each modality has advantages and disadvantages in terms of cost, availability, sensitivity, specificity, and qualities of anatomic versus functional imaging.

Simple Summary Pseudo-placentational endometrial hyperplasia is an uncommon lesion of the canine uterus. The lesion is characterized by a bizarre tissue organization resembling the layers of the mature maternal placenta. It may be inducible by foreign body insertion in the dioestrus uterus and probably encloses the mechanism of canine placentation. The ordinated proliferation may subvert to disorganized forms when the stimulus is biological and triggers an immune response. In this view, the pseudo-placentational endometrial hyperplasia may explain some unknown features of the cystic endometrial hyperplasia/pyometra complex. The report of six new spontaneous cases will help the knowledge and the clinicopathological framing of this unique lesion. Considering the physiological changes of endometrium in late dioestrus and early anoestrus, in the authors’ opinion, the pseudo-placentational endometrial hyperplasia term should be limited to the well-organized forms detectable by gross examination or ultrasound imaging. Abstract Canine pseudo-placentational endometrial hyperplasia differs from the classical form of cystic endometrial hyperplasia for the well-organized tissue architecture resembling the canine placenta. After the discovery, it has been inconstantly reported. The present work reports the clinicopathological details of six spontaneous cases retrieved retrospectively from a large database. The lesion was found in young non-pregnant female dogs (median 2.0 years) at the end of dioestrus. It could be imaged by ultrasound and was always grossly detectable as single or multiple uterine enlargements of 2–3 cm in diameter with a villous whitish tissue growing on the mucosa and occluding the lumen. Histology confirmed the tissue architecture of the canine placenta with a basal glandular layer, a connective band, a spongy layer and a tortuous and compact labyrinth, often poorly recognizable. The pseudo-placentational hyperplasia is a non-inflammatory proliferative lesion although numerous mast cells inhabit the connective band, and a superimposed inflammatory infiltrate was seen in a case. Canine pseudo-placentational endometrial hyperplasia has very peculiar features, and it is a model for canine placentation and may help to better understand the cystic endometrial hyperplasia/pyometra complex.