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The objective of this study was to describe changes in hemogram and selected biochemical analytes in blood and urine of 40 dogs with diabetes mellitus. The inclusion criteria were the following: hyperglycemia above 14 mmol/L, glucosuria and urine specific gravity above 1.015. Dogs of different breeds, from 4 to 14 years of age and both genders (30 females and 10 males) were studied. The analyzed diagnostic procedures were: packed cell volume, hemoglobin, red blood cell count, white blood cell count and differential cell count, Wintrobe index: mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, plasma proteins, globulins, serum glucose, alkaline phosphatase (AP), glucosuria and specific gravity. Anemia was present in 47.5% of the cases, nonregenerative normocytic-normochromic anemia in 37.5%, nonregenerative normocytic-hyperchromic anemia in 5.0% and nonregenerative microcytic-normochromic anemia in 5.0%. Leukocytosis was present in 15.0% cases, leukopenia in 10.0%, neutrophilia in 47.5%, left shift in 30.0%, lymphocytosis in 5.0%, lymphopenia in 27.5%, monocytosis in 5.0%, eosinopenia in 42.50% and eosinophilia in 10.0%. Only 10.0% of all dogs did not presented hemogram abnormalities. Alterations such as anemia, secondary inflammation and stress, are frequent in this pathology; for which they should be considered for clinical care, prognosis and to evaluate diabetic dog's evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to present the most important clinical-pathological findings of ethylene glycol poisoning for early diagnosis and adequate treatment. A clinical case of a female dog which consumed a toxic amount of ethylene glycol and presented tachycardia, tachypnea, seizures and vomiting, is described blood samples were taken for determination of acid-base equilibrium, hemogram and serum chemistry. The laboratory changes were: partially compensated metabolic acidosis, increased anion gap, relative erythrocytosis, leukogram response to stress, renal hyperazotemia and monohydrate calcium oxalate crystals in urine sediment. Calcium oxalate crystals in renal tubules and brain observed by histopathology confirmed ethylene glycol poisoning. The adequate use of laboratory tests and the early diagnosis, as well as the early treatment, determine the prognosis of the animal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]