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The present article discusses the different strategies of mise-en-scène used in anthropological documentary film. Documentary film will be examined from a historical and theoretical-methodological point of view, through three experiences in fílmic anthropology. The first one portrays the aboriginal group Wasusu (linguistic family Nambiquara, Mato Grosso); the second presents the group Malê Debalê (Salvador, Bahia), of African descent, and the last one with some Inuit representatives living in Nuuk, Greenland. Through these three fílm samples the various filming techniques filming will be analyzed, as well as the fílmic strategies adapted to the different themes and citizensobserved instrumentally through the camera, using the methodology of fílmic anthropology.