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Thraustochytrids is a family of microalga which lives in the marine ecosystem and mangrove habitats. Indonesia with a mangrove area of 3.49 million hectares, is a country with the largest mangrove habitats in the world. With such potency, the Indonesian mangrove has the largest Thraustochytrids habitat and it is hoped that the potency will attract Indonesian scientists to explore and develop a bio industry based on thraustochytrids. Thraustochytrids have potent biotechnology as a source of hydrolytic enzymes, carotenoids, squalene, biodiesel, and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), specifically docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Among those biotechnology products, DHA is the most promising product to be commercialized. According to a number of studies, DHA is critical throughout all life stages from the need for fetal development, the prevention of preterm birth, and the prevention of cardiovascular disease to the improvements in the cognitive function and the eye health of adults and the elderly. A recent study showed that n-3 PUFA indirectly or directly modulated the gut microbiota which acts as a prebiotic. However, cost production for producing dry thraustochytrids is relatively expensive. One of the ways to reduce those costs in production is by using low-cost substrates. Recently, it is already possible to produce thraustochytrid on a commercial scale using low-cost substrate palm oil mill effluent (POME), so cost production of dry thraustochytrids became economically feasible. Indonesia, as the number one crude palm oil (CPO) producer of 44,5 million tons has the great opportunity to develop an industry base DHA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]