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The strength of single-crystalline nanoscale metals is controlled by dislocation nucleation from free surfaces. Surface properties such as crystallographic orientation, surface stress, and surface diffusion have been proposed as key parameters that control dislocation surface nucleation, but have not been confirmed experimentally. To investigate the influence of surface parameters, in situ scanning electron microscope mechanical testing is used to compress defect-free Ag and Cu nanocubes that are passivated with organic surfactants in order to tune their surface properties. Comparison between passivated nanocubes indicates that yield strength may depend on surfactant binding energy, but is also dependent on intrinsic material properties.

Porous, nano-architected metals with dimensions down to ~10 nm are predicted to have extraordinarily high strength and stiffness per weight, but have been challenging to fabricate and test experimentally. Here, we use colloidal synthesis to make ~140 nm length and ~15 nm wall thickness hollow Au-Ag nanoboxes with smooth and rough surfaces. In situ scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope testing of the smooth and rough nanoboxes show them to yield at 130 ± 45 MPa and 96 ± 31 MPa respectively, with significant strain hardening. A higher strain hardening rate is seen in rough nanoboxes than smooth nanoboxes. Finite element modeling is used to show that the structure of the nanoboxes is not responsible for the hardening behavior suggesting that material mechanisms are the source of observed hardening. Molecular dynamics simulations indicate that hardening is a result of interactions between dislocations and the associated increase in dislocation density., Fabricating and mechanically testing nanoarchitected materials remains a challenge. Here, the authors use colloidal synthesis to fabricate Au-Ag hollow nanoboxes and investigate the effect of either a rough or a smooth nanobox surface on the mechanical properties.