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Peanut root rot is a soil-borne fungal disease of peanut, which is a worldwide disease on peanut. It occurs all over our country, causing serious economic losses and restricting the development of peanut industry. This paper introduced the taxonomic status of peanut root rot pathogen and its cultural characteristics on potato glucose agar medium. The morphological characteristics of two types of conidia from the pathogen were summarized. In this paper, the symptoms of peanut root rot in the field and its pathogenesis were introduced in detail. The agricultural control measures of peanut root rot were summarized from seed screening, rational rotation and field management. The main fungicides used to control peanut root rot were summarized from the aspects of seed coating, soil treatment and fungicide spraying. It is suggested that the control of peanut root rot should be based on the agricultural control measures aimed at reducing the source of pathogen and cutting off the route of transmission, followed by carrying out chemical control measures, i.e. seed coating and fungicide spraying. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rice is one of the main food crops in the world. With the popularization of dry-raising technology of rice,the occurrence of rice seedling blight is very serious. Rice seedling blight has become a destructive disease with high incidence in rice seedling field,which greatly hinders the development of rice industry in our country and poses a serious threat to the food security of our country. It is very important to understand its occurrence regularity and integrated control technology for effectively controlling rice damping-off and ensuring our country’s grain safety production. This paper introduced the main pathogen,symptom and occurrence regularity of rice seedling blight. The occurrence factors of rice seedling blight were expounded from the aspects of pathogen accumulation,low temperature,soil moisture,air relative humidity,seedling quality and management of seedling bed. The agricultural control measures of rice seedling blight were introduced from the aspects of controlling sowing density,cultivating strong seedlings and strengthening field management. The main chemical control measures were introduced from seed treatment,seedling bed disinfection and chemical control. It is suggested that the control of rice seedling blight should be based on agricultural control measures,including rational selection of rice varieties,control of seedling raising and scientific management,and the chemical control methods, including seed treatment, seedling bed disinfection and pesticide spraying. The comprehensive prevention and control techniques should based on agricultural control and chemical control to prevent the development of rice diseases and ensure the safety of rice production in our country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sesame is one of the main oil crops in our country. So far the cultivation history of our country is more than 2 200 years. Its seed oil content is up to 55%, and rich in vitamins, protein and fatty acids, in the Yellow and Huaihe River valley and the Yangtze River valley in our country widely planted. However, the widespread and serious occurrence of sesame wilt disease has a great impact on sesame industry in our country. It is of great significance to make clear its integrated prevention and control technology for making prevention and control strategy and doing prevention and control effectively. Therefore, this paper reviewed the latest research progress of the occurrence and integrated control of sesame Fusarium wilt from the aspects of the pathogen, symptoms, occurrence regularity and control techniques of the disease, for which this study would provide theoretical basis for effective control of sesame Fusarium wilt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]