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Background: Observational studies have demonstrated that basal metabolic rate (BMR) is associated with the risk of endometrial cancer (EC) and ovarian cancer (OC). However, it is unclear whether these associations reflect a causal relationship. Objective: To reveal the causality between BMR and EC and OC, we performed the first comprehensive two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. Methods: Genetic variants were used as proxies of BMR. GWAS summary statistics of BMR, EC and OC were obtained from the UK Biobank Consortium, Endometrial Cancer Association Consortium and Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium respectively. The inverse variance weighted method was employed as the main approach for MR analysis. A series of sensitivity analyses were implemented to validate the robustness and reliability of the results. Results: BMR was significantly related to an increased risk of EC (ORSD = 1.49; 95% CI: 1.29–1.72; p‐Value <.001) and OC (ORSD = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.08–1.35; p‐Value <.001). Furthermore, the stratified analysis indicated that BMR was positively associated with endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC) (ORSD = 1.45; 95% CI, 1.23–1.70; p‐Value <.001), clear cell ovarian cancer(CCOC) (ORSD = 1.89; 95% CI:1.35–2.64; p‐Value <.001) and endometrioid ovarian cancer risk (EOC) (ORSD = 1.45; 95% CI: 1.12–1.88; p‐Value =.005). However, there were no significant associations of BMR with invasive mucinous ovarian cancer (IMOC), high‐grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) and low‐grade serous ovarian cancer (LGSOC). The robustness of the above results was further verified in sensitivity analyses. Conclusion: The MR study provided etiological evidence for the positive association of BMR with the risk of EC, EEC, OC, CCOC and EOC. But this study did not provide enough evidence suggesting the causal associations of BMR with IMOC, HGSOC and LGSOC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A fundamental principle of pain management is to determine the distribution and causes of pain. However, relevant data among postoperative cancer patients based on a large amount of data remain sparse. Objective: We aimed to investigate the incidence of postoperative pain in cancer patients and to explore the associated risk factors. Methods: We retrospectively collected information on postoperative pain-evaluation records of cancer patients who underwent surgery between 1 January 2014 and 31 December 2019. Descriptive statistics were presented, and multinominal logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the risk factors associated with postoperative pain. Results: Among the 11,383 patients included in the study, the incidence of mild/moderate to severe pain at the 24th hour after surgery was 74.9% and 18.3%, respectively. At the 48th and 72nd hour after surgery, the incidence of mild pain increased slightly, while the incidence of moderate to severe pain continued to decrease. Female patients experienced a higher risk of pain (ORs: 1.37–1.58). Undergoing endoscopic surgery was associated with a higher risk of pain (ORs: 1.40–1.56). Patients with surgical sites located in the respiratory system had a higher risk of pain compared to in the digestive system (ORs: 1.35–2.13), and other patients had a relatively lower risk of pain (ORs: 0.11–0.61). Conclusion: The majority of cancer patients experienced varying degrees of postoperative pain but may not receive adequate attention and timely treatment. Female, young age and endoscopic surgery were associated with increased pain risk, and effective identification of these high-risk groups had positive implications for enhanced postoperative pain management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Epidemiological evidence about hormone replacement therapy and colorectal carcinogenesis by demographic and clinical traits remains unclear. We aimed to assess this postulated association in a large multicentre study and further explore the modification effect by BMI and others. Methods: We retrospectively collected records of women diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC) at the age of 50 years and older during 2014–2017 and their HRT dispensing prior to CRC diagnosis in three tertiary hospitals in China. CRC cases were matched with controls at a ratio of 1:3 using nearest neighbour propensity scores matching to better control for the remaining imbalance between groups, which generated a total of 824 cases with 2472 controls. Results: Our study confirmed the inversed association between colorectal cancer risk and hormone replacement therapy (OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.54–0.75), which was more prominent among women having multiple HRT dispenses (OR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.52–0.76). Furthermore, significant associations were consistently observed for the short-term (OR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.57–0.88), middle-term (OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.41–0.66), and long-term HRT users (OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.43–0.90). Estrogen-related regimen reduced CRC risk more than progestogen-only. We, for the first time, found that the modifying effect of BMI on HRT use and CRC risk was in different ways when BMI was categorized by a medium level of 27. Conclusion: Our findings mainly suggest that there might be a different mechanism for the reversed association between HRT and colorectal tumorigenesis by BMI level, providing thoughts on clinical treatment of CRC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]