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It has been reported that the CCR5-Delta32, CCR2-64I and SDF1-3'A polymorphisms have protective effects against HIV-1 infection and can delay the progression of AIDS in European populations. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of the three loci with HIV-1 infection and the progression of AIDS in the Han population of northern China. We recruited 78 HIV-1-seropositive individuals and 70 population-matched healthy controls from north China. PCR-RFLP was used to genotype these three polymorphisms in all samples. There were no significant differences in the frequencies of any allele between HIV-1-seropositive individuals and healthy controls. In cases, the associations between the three loci and CD4(+) T-lymphocyte counts were not significant; however, there was a significant association between the genotype frequency of CCR2-64I and clinical category (P < 0.05). We have identified a potentially important role of CCR2-64I allele in AIDS progression in the northern Chinese population. Further studies are necessary to clarify the contribution of the CCR2-64I allele to the progression of AIDS for the relatively small sample size.

Background: MSM are at high risk of HIV infection. Previous studies have shown that the cell cycle regulation plays an important role in HIV-1 infection, especially at the G2/M checkpoint. ATR, Chk1, Cdc25C and CDK1 are key genes of G2/M checkpoint. However, the association between SNPs of these genes and susceptibility to HIV-1 infection and AIDS progression remains unknown. Methods: In this study, 42 tSNPs from the above four G2/M checkpoint genes were genotyped in 529 MSM and 529 control subjects from northern China to analyze this association. Results: The results showed that rs34660854 A and rs75368165 A in ATR gene and rs3756766 A in Cdc25C gene could increase the risk of HIV-1 infection (P = 0.049, OR = 1.234, 95% CI 1.001–1.521; P = 0.020, OR = 1.296, 95% CI 1.042–1.611; P = 0.011, OR = 1.392, 95% CI 1.080–1.794, respectively), while Chk1 rs10893405 (P = 0.029, OR = 1.629, 95% CI 1.051–2.523) were significantly associated with AIDS progression. Besides, rs34660854 (P = 0.019, OR = 1.364, 95% CI 1.052–1.769; P = 0.022, OR = 1.337, 95% CI 1.042–1.716, under Codominant model and Dominant model, respectively) and rs75368165 (P = 0.006, OR = 1.445, 95% CI = 1.114–1.899; P = 0.007, OR = 1.418, 95% CI 1.099–1.831, under Codominant model and Dominant model, respectively) in ATR gene, rs12576279 (P = 0.013, OR = 0.343, 95% CI 0.147-0.800; P = 0.048, OR = 0.437, 95% CI 0.192–0.991, under Codominant model and Dominant model, respectively) and rs540436 (P = 0.012, OR = 1.407, 95% CI 1.077–1.836; P = 0.021, OR = 1.359, 95% CI 1.048–1.762, under Codominant model and Dominant model, respectively) in Chk1 gene, rs3756766 (P = 0.013, OR = 1.455, 95% CI 1.083–1.954; P = 0.009, OR = 1.460, 95% CI 1.098–1.940, under Codominant model and Dominant model, respectively) in Cdc25C gene and rs139245206 (P = 0.022, OR = 5.011, 95% CI 1.267–19.816; P = 0.020, OR = 5.067, 95% CI 1.286–19.970, under Codominant model and Recessive model, respectively) in CDK1 gene were significantly associated with HIV-1 infection under different models. Conclusions: We found that genetic variants of G2/M checkpoint genes had a molecular influence on the occurrence of HIV-1 infection and AIDS progression in a northern Chinese MSM population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk of HIV infection. The APOBEC3G (apolipoprotein B mRNA editing catalytic polypeptide 3G) protein is a component of innate antiviral immunity that inhibits HIV-1 replication. In the present study, a total of 483 HIV-1 seropositive men and 493 HIV-1 seronegative men were selected to investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the APOBEC3G gene and susceptibility to HIV-1 infection and AIDS progression among MSM residing in northern China. Genotyping of four SNPs (rs5757465, rs3736685, rs8177832, and rs2899313) of the APOBEC3G was performed using the SNPscan™ Kit, while the rs2294367 polymorphism was genotyped using the SNaPshot multiplex system. Our results disclosed no association between the SNPs of APOBEC3G and susceptibility to HIV-1, or effects of these polymorphisms on the CD4 T cell count or clinical phase of disease. A meta-analysis of 1624 men with HIV-1 infection and 1523 controls suggested that the association between rs8177832 and susceptibility was not significant. However, we observed a trend towards association with HIV-1 infection for haplotype TTACA ( p = 0.082). The potential role of variants of APOBEC3G in HIV-1/AIDS warrants further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has been reported that DNA repair genes play an important role in HIV-1 infection and AIDS progression. One DNA repair pathway, the mismatch repair (MMR) is associated with a wide variety of tumors. However, the role of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the MMR genes and their importance in HIV-1 infection and AIDS progression remain unclear. In the present study, 479 HIV-1-infected and 487 healthy individuals from northern China were genotyped for nine SNPs in the MSH2 gene (rs13019654, rs4608577, rs4952887, rs6726691, rs10191478, rs12999145, rs1981929, rs2042649, rs2303428) and five SNPs in the MSH6 gene (rs2348244, rs3136245, rs3136329, rs2072447, rs7562048). Our results showed that the rs7562048 G allele frequency was significantly higher in the cases with the CD4 + T-lymphocyte count < 200 cells/μl than those with > 200 cells/μl ( P = 0.001, OR = 1.811, 95% CI 1.255–2.614), which is in agreement with the result of the Bonferroni correction. The frequencies of the rs2348244 C allele and rs3136245 T allele were higher in the cases at clinical phase IV than those at clinical phase I + II + III ( P = 0.026, OR = 1.591, 95% CI 1.056–2.398 and P = 0.019, OR = 1.749, 95% CI 1.096–2.791, respectively); however, this difference is not supported by the Bonferroni correction. There were no significant differences in the frequency of allele, genotype and haplotype of the 14 SNPs between HIV-1-infected individuals and healthy controls ( P > 0.05). These results suggest that the rs7562048 is associated with the clinical features and that the MSH6 gene polymorphisms likely play an important role in the progression of AIDS in the northern Chinese population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]