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The History of Geography has been receiving considerable contributions that reveal productions and characters of periods previous the university institutionalization of the discipline, which comes from implementation of the University of São Paulo (USP). Our objective in this paper is to contribute with a sketch about the trajectory and technical-scientific production of the engineer-geographer Theodoro Sampaio, author of extensive scientific production and developer of projects and institutions, aspects that we think are fundamental for realization of a renewed reading of Geography, in face of scarcity of productions about its history, particularly in the period before universities in Brazil. For the accomplishment of this paper we carry out a wide bibliographical revision with an aim to the construction of a narrative capable of highlighting the participation of Theodoro Sampaio in this history. In view of this, we consider necessary revisions about his productions, observing their importance for the collection of information about territory, notably in the process of urban modernization of the cities of São Paulo and Salvador and in the propositions on topics of interest of geographic science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]