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Micro-light-emitting diodes (Micro-LEDs) are considered as the most promising display technologies, while 3D display can provide users with an immersive visual experience and represents the cutting-edge display technology. Polarized Micro-LEDs can be used for polarization-based 3D display technology. In our previous work, circularly polarized and linearly polarized Micro-LEDs have been reported, yet the extinction ratio (ER) still needs to be further improved. The high proportion of sidewalls emission of Micro-LED hinders the further improvement of polarization. In this work, we numerically and experimentally investigated an improved linearly polarized Micro-LED via rational sidewall engineering. Our results show that, at a current density of 300 A/cm2, ER of Micro-LED with a sidewall reflector (RLP Micro-LED) for chip diameters of 10, 20, 30, and 40 μm is 15.85, 16.09, 16.20, and 16.21 dB, respectively, demonstrating a 29.38%, 21.56%, 18.9%, and 12.08% increment compared with linearly polarized Micro-LED without reflector (LP Micro-LED). We also found that by adjusting the sidewall tilt angle, the polarization efficiency and ER values of RLP Micro-LED can be further improved. Our study should advance the development and application of Micro-LED, especially for 3D Micro-LED displays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A three-dimensional (3D) display provides an immersive user experience and represents the frontier of display technology. The 3D display based on polarizer films is relatively mature. However, the currently used polarizer films lead to bulk systems and low efficiency. Micro-light-emitting diodes (micro-LEDs) have the advantages of small size, high contrast, low power consumption, and high response frequency. The 3D micro-LED displays combine the characteristics of 3D display and the advantages of micro-LEDs simultaneously, which can be used in portable electronics or micro-LED projectors and provides users with 3D experience. Here, linearly polarized (LP) micro-LEDs with varied chip diameters are numerically and experimentally investigated. Subwavelength metal gratings are integrated directly on the p-GaN of micro-LEDs. A maximum extinction ratio of 14.17 dB and a corresponding energy loss of 50% are achieved directly from LP micro-LEDs under the injection current density of 200 A/cm2. The size-dependent effect of LP micro-LED is also investigated and it is found that smaller sized LP micro-LEDs have smaller extinction ratio due to sidewall light leakage. The reported GaN-based LP micro-LEDs have excellent potential to be utilized in 3D micro-LED displays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]