Search

This paper explores the main features of digital repression in Russia, especially in the context of the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The repression of digital activism is not a new phenomenon in Russia; however, it gained fresh momentum during the Russian-Ukrainian war. Security has been used as a pretext to expand the state's authority at the cost of individuals' rights and freedoms. To control political narratives, suppress online dissent and surveil regime critics, the government has significantly tightened the national legislation through its media regulator, Roskomnadzor. The aftermath of the war, harsh sanctions and increased anti-regime movements have also deepened Russia's aspirations toward 'digital sovereignty'. Meanwhile, regardless of a number of important initiatives in this direction, domestic digital space still remains an ambitious goal to be fulfilled. This paper concludes that, along with other devastating consequences, the war in Ukraine will provoke further digital repression in Russia aimed at achieving the Kremlin's goal of "digital sovereignty". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Space Education & Strategic Applications is the property of Policy Studies Organization and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Enhancement of the health care system in Russia continues to be one of key directions of National development. In conditions of deficiency of personnel, systemic changes are needed to transit to qualitatively new level. The application of digital platforms permits to resolve a number of issues related to accessibility and quality of medical services. The paper characterizes current state of health care digitization and level of competitiveness of medical institutions. On the basis of analysis of corporate culture of medical institutions, conclusions are made that it contributes to successful implementation of unified medical information system and development of best corporate standards and traditions.

The analysis of publications of Russian and world scientists on the issues of digitalization of various sectors of the economy demonstrated a wide range of author's approaches to the sequence, speed and scale of the introduction of IT technologies, and also spectacularly showed the backlog of agriculture and the agroindustrial complex in the direction of introducing innovations. The purpose of the paper is to develop measures to accelerate and improve the efficiency of digital transformations in agriculture, the formation of the digital agricultural sector of the Russian economy. Research methods: monographic, logical, abstract-logical, computational-constructive, statisticaleconomic and comparative analysis. The main results of the study: the organizational and economic mechanism of digital transformation of an agricultural organization is proposed. The mechanism is a three-stage modernization process (starting, transit, terminal stages), implemented through organizational (management, administration, legal and regulatory support) and economic (costs, calculations, budget financing, subsidies) elements. Final conclusions: the development of the agroindustrial complex on the basis of the proposed mechanism will increase the efficiency and competitiveness of the products of Russian enterprises in the international market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In many countries, the rapid evolution of digital platform technology has triggered significant shifts in competition law. Many have interpreted China's recent moves as signaling a broader crackdown on private entrepreneurship. In Russia, even before the invasion of Ukraine, government policy became increasingly restrictive toward foreign internet platforms. This paper analyzes the development and enforcement of competition law in Russia and China. We show that both technologically driven changes in the ability of digital platform firms to exercise market power and changes in the external political environment affect the relative strength and coalitions of interested bureaucratic actors and influence policy outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aims at the design of a digital tool for analyzing the impact of scientific and technological progress on socioeconomic problems and sustainable development of the region. The research focuses on the consistent development of a digital platform for analyzing and visualizing digital data on regional innovation development, as well as predicting the sustainable development of regions based on the available regional infrastructure of innovation systems and the Russian regions' cluster structure. When designing the digital platform, we gave special attention to ensuring efficient data collection, processing, and analysis processes required for studying the socio-economic system. In the course of the work, an automated process of working with data was developed. The digital platform is being developed as a flexible tool for a wide range of users, from research centers, investors, and private enterprises to individual users interested in regional innovation development models. As part of the work, the process of selecting technical tools for the software implementation of the platform in terms of tasks and technical features of designing digital platforms is presented. The result of the work is a prototype of the Russian regional innovation system digital platform with the implemented functionality of a personal account, a module of simulation experiments, and various approaches to data analysis and visualization. The research is carried out as part of a project to develop a digital model of the regional innovation system of the Russian Federation as a driver of sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Ciencia y Poder Aéreo is the property of Escuela de Postgrados de la Fuerza Aerea Colombiana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The global changes which are affecting countries at the moment act as a 'censor' of modern energy relations and energy market development strategies in general. The development of the energy market is no longer considered in terms of its efficiency but more in terms of its survivability under the influence of external environmental factors and its ability to maintain an acceptable level of energy safety. In order to fully balance a country's internal interests and increase its competitiveness in the global energy market, the importance of the problem of choosing a development strategy—following the path of energy independence or cooperative development—is becoming evident. The purpose of this paper is to identify an effective energy strategy for a country under the influence of contemporary challenges. The object of the study is the Russian energy market and the energy companies as its key players. In this context, it examines the situations where Russia and other energy market players are unequally affected by external environmental factors. Particular emphasis is placed on the possibility of overcoming the negative impact of environmental factors during the implementation of measures aimed at ensuring energy safety, achieving a better environmental situation in the country by reducing CO2 emissions, and strengthening the country's position in the global energy market by changing its own energy development strategy. The dependence of the financial outcome of the energy complex companies of the Russian Federation on the factors of the external and internal environment was determined as the main direction of the study. The financial outcome of the Russian energy complex companies in this article serves as a landmark indicator of energy market development. The working hypothesis of the research is the authors' claim that it is necessary for modern energy companies in Russia, as important participants in the energy market of the country, to transform their strategy in the direction of deepening cooperation under the influence of external and internal environmental factors. The methodological and theoretical framework of this study consists of classical and modern economic science, covering the analysis of energy market dynamics and structure, as well as the theories aimed at selecting the most effective strategies under the influence of external and internal environmental factors. The study is based on the works of domestic and foreign scientists devoted to the issues of competitiveness, strategic planning, and sustainable development in the context of total digitalization. Within the framework of the conducted research, we used methods of system and factor analysis; statistical research methods, in particular the analysis of dynamic changes, as well as correlation and regression analysis; and methods of comparison, analogy, and generalization. An important source of data on the financial result of companies in the Russian energy sector was the materials of the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation. As a result of this paper, a notable influence of external and internal environmental factors is determined. Among the most significant factors, digitalization is identified as a development trend. It also represents a driver of improvement in Russia's energy market, both in terms of improving its competitiveness and environmental safety and in terms of strengthening the country's leadership position in the global energy market. In addition to the findings, this article provides a theoretical contribution and recommendations for the development of theoretical ideas concerning the choice of an effective strategy for the development of Russia's energy market. Future research directions are also considered, and the implications of the presented analysis for further research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, in the agro-industrial complex, the problem of import substitution of key technological solutions, innovative resources and digital technologies is becoming increasingly important for increasing agricultural production. The aim of the article is to study the prerequisites for accelerating the introduction of innovative and digital products in the agro-industrial complex based on NBIC convergence in the context of digital transformation and improving methods for stimulating demand for them. The article clarifies aspects of the phenomenon of NBIC convergence and its impact on the technological structure of economies. The analysis of indicators characterizing the dynamics of the volumes of innovative goods and services in the context of industries was carried out. An assessment is given of indicators of the digital economy in 2021. It is substantiated that at present the nature of the implementation of NBIC technologies is of a point nature, mainly in the leading agricultural holdings. According to the results of expert surveys, points in growth in terms of the development of digital transformation conditions have been identified. Directions for the development of strategic priorities are proposed in terms of optimizing the cost of introducing digital technologies, increasing digital literacy and competencies of employees, creating mechanisms to subsidize the development of domestic innovative and digital products, as well as stimulating demand for them. The practical significance of the results of the study lies in the possibility of their use in the development of a strategy for the scientific and technological development of Russia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to form a new model of economic growth that ensures food security and sustainability of the agro-food complex, it is necessary to improve the institutional conditions for the development of digital technologies and hightech products in agricultural production. The purpose of the article is to develop theoretical and methodological aspects of the institutional interaction of participants in the innovation process, as well as to create mechanisms for systemic innovation mediation that stimulates innovation activity. The article develops conceptual provisions for regulating the development of institutional interaction, assesses the innovative activity of some European countries and assesses the dynamics of indicators of the volume of state support for the agro-industrial complex in 2013-2020. Measures are proposed to increase the efficiency of communication interaction between the participants of the innovation process using the mechanism of innovation system mediation. The practical value of the results lies in the possibility of forming an innovative development strategy in the context of the introduction of digital technologies and science-intensive products as a vector of sustainable socio-economic development of Russia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides a comprehensive possibility analysis of implementing the “smart city” concept in Russia and substantiates the pivotal role of the quality of public administration in this process. The purpose of this research is to assess the readiness of Russian regions to use “smart” technologies to solve the socio-economic problems of spatial development in the context of the “smart city” concept from the perspective of the quality of public administration. The research methodology includes neo-institutional and systematic approaches, as well as the analysis of the statistics and social research data. The research equally considers the theoretical and applied aspects of the presented article. The article reveals that the central role for successful implementation of the concept is played by the human capital and society's readiness to change, the infrastructure base, sustainable interaction of the state structures, the scientific and technical institutions, and entrepreneurship. Their successful management determines the quality of public administration.. The contribution of the paper to academic literature consists in the substantiation of the pivotal role of a qualitative factor – the quality of public administration – in the factor system of creation and development of smart cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The planning and management of traffic flow networks with multiple input data sources for decision-making generate the need for a mathematical approach. The program of measures for the development of the transport infrastructure of the Russian Federation provides for the selection of pilot regions for the creation of intelligent transportation systems. With extensive knowledge of theoretical and applied mathematics, it is important to select and adapt mathematical methods for solving problems. In this regard, the aim of the study is to develop and validate an algorithm for solving the problem of classifying objects according to the potential of creating intelligent transportation systems. The main mathematical apparatus for classification is the «random forest» machine learning algorithm method. A bagging machine learning meta-algorithm for high accuracy of the algorithm was used. This paper proposes the author's method of sequential classification analysis for identifying objects with the potential to create intelligent transportation systems. The choice of using this method is justified by its best behavior under the large number of predictor variables required for an objective aggregate assessment of digital development and quality of territories. The proposed algorithm on the example of Russian regions was tested. A technique and algorithm for statistical data processing based on descriptive analytics tools have been developed. The quality of the classification analysis algorithm was assessed by the random forest method based on misclassification coefficients. The admissibility of retrained algorithms and formation of a «fine-grained» «random forest» model for solving classification problems under the condition of no prediction was proven to be successful. The most productive models with the highest probability of correct classification were «reached» and «finalized» on the basis of logistic regression analysis of relationships between predictors and categorical dependent variables. The regions of class 1 with «high potential for the creation of intelligent transportation systems» are most likely to be ready for the reorganization of infrastructure facilities; the introduction of digital technologies in the management of traffic flows was found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Supply chains have become the most vulnerable during the COVID-19 pandemic, as evidenced by problems in the supply of semiconductors, food, and other products, which raises the problem of supply chain manageability. There has been a so-called ‘shortening’ of the supply chain. The paper addressed the problem of using digital tools in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The study aims to examine the main digital tools used by local businesses and evaluate the prospects for logistics management using new technology. The hypothesis is that SMEs that do not use digital tools in supply chain management are also characterized by the poor quality of management. A survey was conducted to identify the actual supply chain management practices during the COVID-19-induced crisis in the Russian Federation, the Republic of Azerbaijan, and the Republic of Kazakhstan and discover common trends and differences in these countries. A set of recommendations for implementing best global practices in these countries was suggested. The study found that poor supply chain management correlates with a lack of digital tools application. The studied enterprises were divided into five groups based on the digital tools level and provided tailored recommendations to improve the integration of such tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The urgent need of society for creative and critical thinkers dictates the need to manage and develop the project-based and research activities of schoolchildren. Neural networks, as effective tools for solving complex, multi-component, multifunctional problems, have created an opportunity to develop tools for the content and quality assessment of project-based, research activities and personal achievements of each student with a dynamic and stratified sampling of complex knowledge, to identify individual educational paths, tools and instructions for research and creative activity reflected on the layers of an artificial neural network. The purpose of this study is to define and develop the concept of supporting a hybrid intelligent system of project-based and research activities in a comprehensive information and educational environment to create an applied intellectual technology that supports project-based and research activities and classifies the growth of schoolchildren's scientific potential. The paper considers the development of technologies for the pedagogical, algorithmic and information organization of ontological engineering and support models for project-based and research activities, as well as the growth of scientific student training based on the construction of an artificial neural network with a teacher and an array of training samples using expert systems and decision theory. It also defines the selection criteria, hierarchies and content of the generalized constructs of complex knowledge (modern achievements in science) by modeling creative activities while further predicting the growth of a student's scientific potential based on the layers of the neural network. The original technology of training samples used for constructing hybrid neural networks was determined using expert systems, the psychological method of parallel slices and clustering of the personal characteristics of schoolchildren. An innovative intellectual environment is being introduced into the practice of mathematical education in high schools in Russia. The study made it possible to create applied intelligent technology to support and display the dynamic profiles of the project-based and research activities of schoolchildren and act as a growth classifier of their scientific potential. In terms of concept implementation, the phased growth technology to analyze students' scientific potential was developed during the study of the generalized construct of complex knowledge. Individual educational workshops for school students to master project-based and research activities and display their dynamic profiles during the implementation of a hybrid intellectual environment for support and decision-making will allow school students to develop their personal potential, increase their educational motivation and allow researchers and educators to realize the potential of adapting modern achievements in science to school mathematics and create conditions for the modernization of educational programs in a developing digital environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information technologies possess the significant potential to improve the efficiency of resources and optimize energy usage, as well as make a significant contribution to the sustainable circular economy (CE). The concept of digital sufficiency provides a framework for understanding how information technology can be part of significant achievements in the circular economy, especially when embraced by business companies. Moreover, the possibility of the implementation of closed-loop resources has become possible with the development of digital manufacturing technologies. However, the research of establishing the CE in SMEs, especially in fossil-energy-abundant countries, such as the Russian Federation, is quite limited. Our paper fills in this gap by studying the adoption of CE practices as well as the investments for promoting CE in Russian SMEs through such factors as the existence of R&D, bank loans, and access to grants at the national and international level. It achieves this based on the data sample of 314 managers of Russian SMEs. Our results demonstrate that the investment or existence of R&D in SMEs and knowledge of CE as well the governmental funding and access to wider markets all together tend to have a significant and positive effect on implementing and investing into CE in SMEs, while the administrative barriers yield a small but negative effect. These results might be helpful for the relevant stakeholders in order to identify factors catalyzing attention from both the SMEs engaged in CE transitions, as well as help the decision makers wishing to foster the transformation of the SMEs to a circular economy. We can conclude that supporting SMEs (both financially and via increasing their public awareness) to make their own transitions towards CE has a societal effect that can speed up a greener transition and significantly contribute to increasing energy efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The digitalisation of the urban environment is one of the key areas for the development of modern urban studies. The projects within the framework of the "Smart City" concept are being implemented not only with a view to digital transformation and automation of urban processes, but also with the aim of achieving a comprehensive increase in the efficiency of the urban infrastructure, Hence, the purpose of this research paper is to propose the most effective estimation methods for the socio-economic changes taking place in Russia. The research consists in an analysis of urban infrastructure digitalisation projects, focusing on the most socially and economically profitable ones, both in terms of performance and functionality, in particular. The main set of research tools consists of searching and selecting information, analysing and processing statistical data, as well as generating a multi-purpose method for the project socio-economic efficiency assessment. Based on this methodology, it is possible to offer optimal solutions and forecast efficiency at the project development stage. The article is concerned with the digital technology projects implemented by the Ministry of Construction of the Russian Federation as a part of the "Smart City" development programs. The authors have concluded that adopting the multi-purpose methods for identifying the socio-economic impact of the "Smart City" digitalisation projects would accelerate the new technology implementation and efficient management of the entire "Smart City" system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the 21st century, following the process of globalization, the importance of the Internet is increasing, continuous remote communication is carried out, electronic purchases are made, payments are made in electronic form, and official and unofficial correspondence is exchanged between actors and institutions both within the country and abroad. Remote services are developing both in the private and public sectors. Therefore, Internet users, service recipients, legal entities, public agencies, and, in general, any citizen who communicates electronically in public space using remote services are under threats from cyberspace. However, it should also be noted that with the rise in popularity of the Internet, a new era of technological challenges are making the threats from cyberspace become apparent. Addressing these threats requires a comprehensive and multi-layered approach, including robust cybersecurity practices, regular updates and patching of software, user education and awareness, cooperation between governments and private sectors, and the development of international norms and agreements to prevent and respond to cyber threats. The technological progress of the world is so comprehensive that we face its consequences in all fields, including wars between states. No one is surprised anymore that today wars are taking place simultaneously in two dimensions - physical and digital worlds. Such is the daily life of two-sided military battalions of the twenty-first century, which became the focus of people's attention after the start of the Russia-Ukraine war. The presented article discusses cyber attacks carried out by Russia on the territory of Ukraine as a result of the Russian-Ukrainian war. The aim of the paper is to show how important the issue of cyber security is in modern wars and what policies states should implement to neutralize threats from cyberspace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The intensive technical-technological development and the Covid-19 pandemic have accelerated the digital transformation of communication agencies and corporate communication sectors. Until the outbreak of the pandemic, the professional and academic debate focused on new media and channels provided by digital technologies, for example: social media, the Internet or websites ( Duhé, 2017). In the current phrase digital technologies are extended in the context of models of digital technologies that can modify communication processes with stakeholders (Artur V, Page Society, 2021, Vaner, 2021). Accordingly, digital transformation in times of risky business turbulence in business is a priority focus of research interest because digital transformation produces changes that affect the productivity and economic sustainability of corporations. This paper investigates the relationship between COMTECHNA (digital technologies) and economic entities in Southern European countries, i.e. the degree of investment in digital transformation and the competitiveness of digital communications professionals in Russia. Macedonia and the impact on economic sustainability. Relevant data from 2021 was used for the analysis of the current situation. On the basis of the identified indicators, it was shown that economic entities do not invest enough in digital transformation, which results in a low level of competitiveness of digital communications professionals, and thus decreased productivity and unstable economic sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bulletin of the 'Carol I' National Defence University / Buletinul Universitatii Nationale de Aparare 'Carol I' is the property of Carol I National Defence University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper we use an institutional approach and apply a regional perspective to explore how market potential, formal institutions, taxes, access to finance, regional policy instruments, and digitalization have affected small business activity in 83 Russian regions during 2008–2018. We use various regional data sources and official statistics to study the effects of regional business environments on entrepreneurship. Our results suggest that Russia's business environment, including policy measures in taxation, is important in explaining small business activity, however digital transformation and the role of market potential can be better controlled by entrepreneurs in terms of what skills to learn and where to locate their businesses. In addition, we discuss the effect of exogenous shocks and changes in the business environment, along with dynamics, challenges, and perspectives of entrepreneurship in Russia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agroconsulting plays an important role in helping farmers to sustainably develop and modernize agricultural production. Nevertheless, the classic set of services provided has become less and less satisfying the needs of consumers and almost everywhere falls below their expectations. At the same time, the development of digitalization processes in industries is uneven; differentiation in the use of innovative solutions in agricultural production among large, medium and small forms of business is increasing. The proposed hypothesis consists in that global digital trends require a significant expansion of the scientific and production infrastructure, transformation of the functions of the elements of the institutional system, leading to a change in their significance. To disclose this hypothesis, this paper examines the impact of digital trends on changing small farm advisory practices. The analysis of the current level of development of agricultural consulting in the Russian Federation; the structure of users and their requests is investigated; the data obtained are compared with the indicators of the use of digital technologies in agriculture. It is proposed to improve the efficiency of consulting services by including "digital" components in the classic set of functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose. The study identifies the effects of the small local networks of renewable energy generation on the economy. It defines the potential and necessary conditions to establish value creation networks, or distributed production systems, based on participant cooperation. Design. The paper examines increasing opportunities to guarantee sustainable economic development. At the same time, the challenges of digital technologies also create serious threats to the community’s social cohesion. The monopolization of digital platform marketplaces and the emergence of “platform capitalism” follow the growth of the platform business model. The proprietors of the core of digital platforms own disproportionate market dominance. Findings. The emergence of “platform capitalism” and “platform cooperativism” models discussed in the contingent upon certain socio-cultural conditions. It has proven that cooperative digital platforms are particularly vital during the full-scale war of Russia against Ukraine and the post-war reconstruction period. Originality. A proposed cooperative digital platform-based model develops a microgrid ecosystem to produce renewable energy. Digital platform cooperatives exemplified the benefits of geographic or specialty localization (specialization) with the activities’ globalization. Digital platforms allow united independent developers of scientific and technical innovations and technological knowledge, as well as owners of material funds and financial resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is devoted to the study of the prospects for increasing the financing of technologies and innovations through the development of remote digital investment transactions in Russia. Based on the best international experience of countries from the IMD Digital Competitiveness Ranking for 2022, using the method of regression analysis, econometric modelling of the significance of the risk of loss of an investor and the legal protection of remote digital investment transactions for financing technology and innovation was carried out. As a result, it was proved that the risk of investor losses and the legal protection of remote digital investment transactions determine the amount of technology and innovation financing. The development of remote-digital investment transactions in Russia opens up broad prospects for increasing funding for technology and innovation. For this purpose, author's recommendations are proposed. The originality of the article is that it revealed a new look at the financing of technologies and innovations - from the standpoint of remote digital investment transactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Research of the University of Quindio / Revista de Investigaciones Universidad del Quindio is the property of Journal of Research of the University of Quindio and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Today the strategic vector of agricultural development is connected with the introduction of digital technologies. Digitalization leads not only to transformation of production processes in the industry but as well has much wider environmental, social and institutional context. This paper is aimed at finding out what digital transformations have the most strategic significance for social and economic development of agro-industrial regions of the south of Russia, as well as at revealing the factors fostering or constraining these processes. Digital transformation in the south Russian regions has just affected the first level -- application of new information technologies for raising economic performance and simultaneous alleviating environmental problems. The perspectives of digitalization of the agriculture are connected with developing open collaborative systems with different types of business collaborations. The authors highlight the main problems of realizing digital transformations in the agriculture of the south regions solving of which can be provided by means of authorities' institutional decisions within regional strategies of digitalization. This research gives an idea of the potential of agricultural digitalization and its results can be used for forming theoretical and methodological grounds for strategic development of agriculture in agro-industrial regions in modern circumstances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper explores the relationship between digital characteristics and tax potential of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation as factors of sustainable development of territories and economic growth. The purpose of the study involves development and testing of a methodology for assessing the level of digitalization in Russian regions and its relationship with their tax potential, which has not been sufficiently developed in the available scientific research by Russian and foreign authors. For this purpose, cluster and factor analysis were applied with the use of Rstudio, the IBM SPSS statistics package, and the Anaconda Navigator graphical interface. The following data were studied: the number of active subscribers of fixed and mobile access, subscribers of fixed and mobile broadband access as well as mobile communication devices for all constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The authors identified the worst and best regions in terms of mobile and fixed communications. It was concluded that the regions' readiness for digital transformation is determined by the general level of their economies. Significantly larger tax revenues per capita are generated in regions with a highly developed IT component, which is the basis for solving the problems of sustainable development of such territories. The economic situation in a region, its gross regional product, and its tax potential create the basis for digitalization of each constituent entity of the Russian Federation. Significant tax revenues per capita are the key to the success of the territories in the IT sector. Promising areas for further research are: (1) expansion of the indicators used and time horizons; (2) extrapolation of the results to other countries and groups of countries; (3) use of the methods and models that have proven themselves when working with short series, e.g., autoregressive integrated moving average models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the overlapping influence of China in Russia and five countries that have experienced democratic backsliding: Azerbaijan, Nicaragua, Serbia, Turkey, and Uganda. Drawing on a wide range of data sources, including media watchdog reports, key informant interviews, and quantitative data, the paper maps the portfolio of specific digital censorship tools – legislative, institutional, and technological—that governments in China and Russia use to censor their domestic digital content. Then the digital censorship tools in the five case study countries are documented to examine where their governments' tactics overlapped with those of the Kremlin and Beijing. These case study countries differ in their levels of development and democracy, with Russia, China, and the West all vying for influence. Key findings include the importance of timing when installing a digital censorship regime, and that Uganda and Nicaragua stand out among the case study countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study compares U.S. and Russian news organizations’ responses to today’s disruptive environment intensified by the development of digital online technologies and global economic crisis. Findings show U.S. journalists attempt to maintain legitimacy within ‘professional’ and ‘digital network’ orders by either decoupling their digital network efforts from traditional, core operations or by assimilating digital practices within traditional journalistic practices. For Russian journalists, the dominant conflicting orders are the ‘state’ institutional order and a weak ‘professional’ order; and accord with a ‘digital network’ order is most evident outside of traditional news organizations. Overall, in both countries, a lack of response to online audiences by media outlets is common, but differing institutional environments help explain differing reasons for these responses. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The paper deals with business valuation in unstable conditions of the external environment. Economic recession and the need for digital transformation is coming to the fore in Russia. As a result of this, the valuation of assets and business acquires additional complexity and issues related to effective risk assessment become relevant. The main objective of this paper is to offer non-traditional methods of risk assessment for business valuation at the moment. The qualitative and quantitative risk analysis will help to improve the quality of the assessment reports of the property in an unstable period. The paper focuses on the non-traditional methods of risk assessment (Monte Carlo method, game theory) which must be used in determining the market value of the object of assessment in the current time. A practical example of using the simulation modeling method is given in detail. Summarizing, the use of the simulation modeling method for calculating the market value of the appraisal object will provide additional (compared to the standard method) information and increase the reliability of the results. Moreover, in the period of the coronavirus pandemic, this paper becomes even more relevant and important, seeing as how uncertainty is becoming inherent in countries around the world. Thus, this study is of value to researchers in the field of economic modeling and appraisers across the globe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electronic culture constitutes a new form of social adjustment in the digital era. Our study aims to reveal socio-cultural differentiation in the social group of Russian students whose e-culture is being shaped. Moscow students became our test group. To achieve the research aim we analyzed the concept of "e-culture" focusing on its theoretical and methodological interpretations. The paper provides an overview of current approaches to understanding electronic culture, namely competence- and activity-based approaches, axiological and institutional ones. Cultural studies of classical sociology served as theoretical and methodological basis for our applied research. Sociological approach enables to reveal the position of e-culture in modern society and detect its differentiating action on everyday practices and value system of distinct social groups. Thus, we suggest that we should extend our applied sociological study of students' e-culture by using a significant indicator, i.e. reflective-axiological attitude towards electronic technologies. We surveyed students of Russian universities and can now conclude that students from different test groups shape their e-culture at their own pace. Reflective-axiological attitude to ICT exerts a significant impact on e-culture formation; due to operational thinking technical students shape their critical reflective attitudes faster than non-technical ones. Most young adults today are common users, which suggests low demand for ICT in educational and professional areas where young people are actively involved. Youth socialization employs traditional forms of information culture, for example, book culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The revival of shamanism in Southern Siberia is increasingly characterised by online forms of representation. Through digital ethnographic research conducted in Russian, this paper argues that the internet reproduces non-digital narratives and practices endowing them with global, immediate reach in a very widely recognisable form, thus contributing to the amplification, legitimisation and contestation of shamanic power. Analysing the websites of two Irkutsk-area 'shamanic centres', I consider how digitalisation is contributing to the process of institutionalisation of shamanism, reproducing and further legitimising post-socialist hierarchies and structures of power in Buryat shamanism, while highlighting the malleable nature of shamanic power and the web alike. Conversely, I recur to the Buryat concept of khel am (a form of 'omnipresent witchcraft') in relation to two recent news stories of national relevance in Russia involving Siberian shamans, to illustrate the challenge posed by the over-amplification of shamanic power through digitalisation to shamans and their institutions' claims to power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Economic Annals-XXI / Ekonomìčnij Časopis-XXI is the property of Institute of Society Transformation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: The goal of the research is to analyze the university development trends in the national innovation system. The paper presents a review of the formation of innovative development strategies and the place of a university in them. The structure is based on the analysis of foreign trends of the transformation of universities and the examination of the efficiency of the interaction between the university, industry and the state. Russian experience in the transformation of universities is presented. Design/methodology/approach: Research methodologies include methods of statistical and comparative analysis and synthesis. The information analysis base of the research is composed of the reports of the World Intellectual Property Organization at year-end 2019, as well as global comparative assessments of the status and development of innovation activities by the Global Innovation Index and Global Competitiveness Index, which are calculated according to the methodology of the World Economic Forum and others. Findings: In the course of research, the authors put forward a new model of universities within the framework of the national innovation system, which is based on the "triple helix model of innovation" implemented by universities, industry and the state. The logic and structure of the research are set forth in the following way. First, a review of the global practice of the formation and implementation of state innovation policy is given, with the university being a key link, the foreign experience in the transformation of universities is analyzed and the efficiency of the interaction between the university, industry and the state is examined. Furthermore, consideration is given to the Russian experience in the transformation of universities. In conclusion, the main findings of the research are presented. Practical implications: Results testify that goals and objectives that can be solved by achieving indicators in the world rankings are important for improving competitiveness of education, but they are only efficient if they conform to management decisions that are taken for achieving them and coincide with strategic goals and directions that should be implemented within the framework of the national innovation and academic system. Originality/value: Research hypothesis is as follows: modern age is characterized by the rapid development of digital technologies and globalization processes, which transform technologies and cultural patterns into techniques and methods of working with information. Despite the fact that a university is the center for the development of society and culture, which serves as an axiological core, it is subject to the transformation, which is mainly manifested in instrumental changes and the expansion of the social procurement range. The modern educational system is yet to find a contemporary conceptual framework of a university that would satisfy the up-to-date requirements of the global information society in an age of digital revolution and dominate in the educational services market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Economic Annals-XXI / Ekonomìčnij Časopis-XXI is the property of Institute of Society Transformation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The relevance of the problem stated in the article is due to the fact that in order to use modern methods for creating parts of aerospace technology, it is necessary to recognize their capabilities and strive to improve these methods. The purpose of the article is to analyze the dialectics of design documentation and those contradictions that are caused by digital technologies in the engineer’s language. The paper discusses the main methods and methods for creating prototypes of designed parts for aerospace engineering objects at the design development stages. Possible applications of rapid prototyping technologies in design are shown. A number of reasons have been derived that hold back the widespread use of modern prototyping methods, including the high cost of equipment; lack of proprietary installations and materials for prototyping, lack of trained personnel to carry out work, lack of recommendations on methods for designing parts intended for prototyping. It is shown that the verification of the development trend is through the development of legal documentation and through activities in the relevant technical committees of Rosstandart and specialized dissertation councils of the Higher Attestation Commission of the Russian Federation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the developments of Dmitry Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia (MUCTR) in the field of digital technologies for drying processes. The first is the database system BANID. The purpose of this system is to integrate and store information in the field of drying technologies and processes. BANID is a tool to search and select the necessary information and it can be used as a system of referential databases. Based on the BANID system the information system DryInf has been developed at MUCTR. It became the next step in the creation of intelligent systems in the field of design of drying technologies and processes. DryInf is used for the calculation, design and selection of drying equipment using artificial intelligence systems. The proposed intelligent systems are an integral part of the implemented digital technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Espacios is the property of Talleres de Impresos Oma and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Economic Annals-XXI / Ekonomìčnij Časopis-XXI is the property of Institute of Society Transformation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: This study seeks to explore the demand side of the labour market influenced by the digital revolution. It aims at identifying the new composition of skills and their value as implicitly manifested by employers when they look for the new labour force. The authors analyse the returns to computing skills based on text mining techniques applied to the job advertisements. Design/methodology/approach: The methodology is based on the hedonic pricing model with the Heckman correction to overcome the sample selection bias. The empirical part is based on a large data set that includes more than 9m online vacancies on one of the biggest job boards in Russia from 2006 to 2018. Findings: Empirical evidence for both negative and positive returns to computing skills and their monetary values is found. Importantly, the authors also have found both complementary and substitutional effects within and between non-domain (basic) and domain (advanced) subgroups of computing skills. Originality/value: Apart from the empirical evidence on the value of professional computing skills and their interrelations, this study provides the important methodological contribution on applying the hedonic procedure and text mining to the field of human resource management and labour market research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to develop new state standards of higher education for training digital personnel in the conditions of Industry 4.0 by the example of modern Russia. Design/methodology/approach: An overview and a critical analysis of the expert and analytical report of the research institute "Higher School of Economics" on the results of digital modernization of the modern Russian economy entitled "Indicators of the digital economy" in the part "Human resources of the digital economy" is performed. Findings: It is proved that formation of the personnel infrastructure for digital modernization of economy requires standardization of the process of training of digital personnel. The new state standards of higher education for training digital personnel in the conditions of Industry 4.0 by the example of modern Russia are created on the basis of the existing directions of the master's program. Originality/value: An authors' classification of digital personnel according to the criterion of performed functions for application of digital technologies is offered, and two categories of them are distinguished: technical specialists and narrow sectorial specialists – which allowed specifying the scientific and methodological provision of the process of training and statistical accounting of digital personnel in Russia. The authors determine the perspective directions of training of digital personnel within the directions of the master's program, which are implemented in modern Russia, and the corresponding categories of digital personnel. The authors also offer additional requirements to the results of mastering of the main educational programs of the master's program, the structure of the main educational programs of the master's program and the conditions of implementation of the main educational programs of training of masters within training of digital personnel. The authors' conclusions and recommendations ensure the information support for training of digital personnel of modern Russian universities, as well as monitoring and control of this process of state regulators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to provide a theoretical conceptualization of digital vigilantism in its manifestation in the Russian Federation where cases do not emerge spontaneously, but are institutionalized, highly organized, and systematic. Given the significant historical context of collective justice under Communism, the current manifestation of digital vigilantism in Russia raises questions about whether it is an example of re-packaged history backed with collective memory or a natural outspread of conventional practices to social networks. This paper reviews historical practices of citizen-led justice in the Soviet state and compares these practices with digital vigilantism that takes place in contemporary post-Communist Russia. The paper argues that despite new affordances that digital media and social networks brought about in the sphere of citizen-led justice, the role of the state in manifesting this justice in the Russian Federation remains significant. At the same time, with technological advances, certain key features of these practices, such as participants, their motives, capacity, targets, and audience engagement have undergone a significant evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]