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A recent study showed that 54% of type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients have nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, which is a risk factor for aggravation diabetic symptoms. Previous studies suggested components in maple syrup alleviated liver injury and found polyphenols as food components to improve the symptoms and complications of diabetes. Therefore, we hypothesized that a polyphenol fraction in maple syrup improves the symptoms and complications of diabetes. To address the hypothesis, we investigated the effects of a polyphenol-rich maple syrup extract (MSE) on a T2D model mice. KK- A y mice were fed a normal or 0.1% MSE-supplemented diet for 43 days. The results showed that the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were significantly reduced in mice that ingested MSE. Hepatic genes related to lipogenesis and lipolysis were down- and upregulated, respectively, in mice that ingested MSE. These results suggest that MSE intake alleviates liver injury and suppresses lipid accumulation in the livers of T2D mice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Some polyphenols are known to improve the symptoms of diabetes. In the present study, we investigated the effects of a polyphenol-rich extract of maple syrup (MSx) on a diabetic mouse model. Methods: KK-Ay mice were fed a normal or 0.05% MSx-supplemented diet for 42 days. Body weight, food intake, serum biochemical parameters, and fecal total bile acid were measured. Gene expression of liver and epididymal white adipose tissue (WAT) and cecal microbiota were analyzed. Data were analyzed with an unpaired two-tailed Student's t test or Welch's t test according to the results of the F test. Results: Serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were significantly reduced in mice that consumed MSx. Hepatic genes related to fatty acid degradation and cholesterol catabolism were upregulated in mice that consumed MSx. In contrast, the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism in WAT was unaffected by the intake of MSx. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of total bile acid level in the feces and the relative abundance of bacteria in the cecum. Conclusion: Our results primarily indicate that MSx can help alleviate one of the symptoms of dyslipidemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]