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Prehrana je bitna u cijelom čovjekovom životu, ali najbitnija je u dječjoj dobi, kada dijete raste i razvija se. Djeca u doba intenzivnog rasta i razvoja bi trebala imati pet obroka u danu. To su: doručak, zajutrak, ručak, užina i večera. Zdrava hrana u sebi ima hranjive vrijednosti poput bjelančevina, ugljikohidrata, masti, vitamina i minerala. Svaka od tih hranjivih tvari doprinosi organizmu na neki način. Dijete u dobi od sedam do deset godina trebalo bi unijeti 1600 – 1800 kalorija za cijeli dan. Prehrana bi trebala biti raznovrsna i uravnotežena praćena tjelesnom aktivnošću. Djeca moraju biti svjesna i educirana da nema sva hrana hranjive vrijednosti. Prerađena hrana i napitci nisu zdravi i u kombinaciji s tjelesnom neaktivnošću dovode do pretilosti i raznih bolesti. Djeca oponašaju postupke ljudi koji ih okružuju, a to su najčešće roditelji, bake, djedovi, braća, sestre, učitelji. Stoga, svi oni koji okružuju dijete bi trebali biti dobri uzori jer kada djeca dođu u tinejdžersku dob, teže je promijeniti njihov stav o tjelesnoj aktivnosti i prehrani. Uz obitelj, škola i učitelji također ima veliki utjecaj na razvijanje prehrambenih navika kod djece. Oni svojim znanjem, trudom i primjerom trebaju ukazati djeci na važnost zdrave prehrane i tjelesne aktivnosti. Uz znanje i trud, svaka škola trebala bi omogućiti djeci obrok koji sadrži hranjive tvari važne za njihov rast i razvoj. U svrhu ovog rada provedeno je istraživanje kojim su se istražile prehrambene navike učenika prvih, drugih, trećih i četvrtih razreda područnih škola Osnovne škole Josipa Kozarca Semeljci. Istraživanjem se utvrdilo da učenici uglavnom imaju dobre prehrambene navike, ali da ipak neke stvari moraju popraviti. Ponajviše trebaju promijeniti navike preskakanja obroka, smanjiti unos slatkiša i grickalica, ali trebaju i poraditi na fizičkoj aktivnosti te se dodatno educirati o pravilnoj prehrani kako bi očuvali svoje zdravlje. Diet has a lot of influence during all stages of human life, but is most influential during childhood, when a child is growing and developing. While intensely growing and developing, children should have five meals per day. Those are: early breakfast, late breakfast, lunch, afternoon snack and dinner. Healthy food has healthy nutrition value and contains proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins and minerals. Each of these contributes to an organism in some way. A child aged seven to ten should consume 1600 - 1800 calories per day. A diet should be diverse and balanced followed by physical activity. Children need to be aware and educated about food and its unequal nutrition value. Processed food and drinks are not healthy and combined with lack of physical activity lead to obesity and other diseases. Children look up to people who surround them and those usually are their parents, grandparents and siblings. Therefore, all surrounding a child should be a good role model because when children reach adolescence it is harder to change their attitude towards physical activity and diet. With family, schools and teachers also have a big influence on developing children`s diet habits. With their knowledge, effort and example they should point to the importance of a healthy diet and physical activity. With knowledge and effort, every school should enable children a meal containing nutrition important for their growth and development. To support this writing, a research was conducted, a research of diet habits of first, second, third and fourth graders of region schools of the elementary school Josip Kozarac Semeljci. The research had shown that students mostly have good diet habits but improvement could to be made. Most needed improvements regarding habits are not only meal skipping and lowering candy and snacks consumption but also improving physical activity and continuation on education about a proper diet to preserve their health.

U ovom radu dan je pregled izrade mobilne aplikacije u Flutteru za praćenje fizičke aktivnosti i prehrane koja je migrirana na web. Na početku je napravljena analiza tri slične aplikacije pa su definirani funkcionalni i nefunkcionalni zahtjevi te slučajevi korištenja. Opisana je arhitektura sustava i dan je detaljan opis baze podataka popraćen relacijskom shemom. U sljedećem poglavlju opisane su sve funkcionalnosti aplikacije sa slikama korisničkog sučelja za svaku funkcionalnost. Nadalje, navedene su sve tehnologije korištene u izradi aplikacije. Na kraju rada napisan je zaključak u kojem se govori o prednostima i nedostatcima korištenih tehnologija te budućnosti Fluttera i moguće nadogradnje izrađene aplikacije. This thesis contains an overview of creating a mobile application in Flutter for tracking physical activities and diet which was migrated to a web version. At the beginning, an analysis of three existing similar applications is made and then the functional and non-functional requirements and use cases of the application are described. The architecture of the system and the database with a relational schema are described as well. In the next chapter, every functionality is covered in detail illustrated with images of the user interface. After that, all technologies used in creating the application are mentioned. At the end of the paper, a conclusion about the advantages and disadvantages of the used technologies and about the future of Flutter and possible upgrades of the application is provided.

Određivanje biokemijskih pokazatelja je niz specifičnih analitičkih pretraga koje se mogu odrediti ili u zajedničkom uzorku serumu skupine životinja ili u serumu pojedinih jedinki. U našem radu utvrđena su kretanja biokemijskih pokazatelja u krvnom serumu krava u različitim stadijima proizvodnje. Istraživanje je provedeno na 12 krava u suhostaju, koje su praćene i nakon telenja te tijekom laktacije. Uzorci krvi su uzimani iz repne vene (vena caudalis) a potom centrifugirani na 3000 okr/ 10 min. U dobivenome serumu određeni su sljedeći parametri: glukoza, aspartat aminotransferaza, alanin aminotrasferaza, alkalna fosfataza, gama glutamil transferaza,urea, ukupne bjelančevine,neesterificirane masne kiseline, beta hidroksimaslačna kiselina, albumini, željezo, kolesterol, HDL, LDL, trigliceridi, fosfor i kalcij. Osim biokemijskih parametara mjerena je i frekvencija disanja, tjelesna temperatura te određivana tjelesna kondicija. Provedenom analizom utvrđeno je da su krave u stadiju suhostaja u zadovoljavajućem energetskom, proteinskom i mineralnom balansu, dok je kod krava u stadiju svježe oteljenih, kod pojedinih krava utvrđeno nezadovoljavajuće stanje energetskog balansa te proteinskog i mineralnog statusa. U stadiju rane laktacije nastavio se trend negativnog energetskog balansa, utvrđena je niska koncentracija albumina i proteina, a nije bio zadovoljavajući mineralni status, dok je kod krava u visokoj laktaciji utvrđena bolja energetska i proteinska opskrbljenost u odnosu na početak laktacije. Visoka koncentracija ureje i manjak fosfora ukazuju na višak proteina u odnosu na energiju, pa bi bila poželjna ozbiljna korekcija obroka., Determination of biochemical indicators is a number of specific analytic tests that can be determined in the pooled sample serum of animals or in the serum of some individuals. In our study we have movement biochemical parameters in the blood serum of cows at different stages. The study was conducted on 12 cows in the dry period, which were followed on, freshly calved cows and the cows in early lactation, and 12 randomly selected cows in the high stage of lactation. Blood samples were taken by puncture of the tail vein (vena caudalis) and then centrifuged at 3000 rpm/10 min. In the obtained serum there were determined following parameters: glucose, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma glutamyl transferase, urea, total protein, BEFA, beta-hydroxybutyric acid, albumin, iron, cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, calcium and phosphorus. Except of biochemical parameters, respiratory rate, temperature and score of BSC were measured. The conducted analysis revealed that the cows in the dry period had a satisfactory stage of energy, protein and mineral balance, while cows in freshly calved stage, some cows, had unsatisfactory state of energy balance, proteins and minerals. In early lactation stage trend of negative energy balance continues, concentration of albumin and protein is low, and mineral status is unsatisfying, while the cows in the top of lactation have better energy and protein supply than at the beginning of lactation. High concentration of urea and phosphorus deficency indicates that the protein is in excess in regards of energy, so we should take a serious step in correcting a diet.

The amount of protein and fat in milk are main parameters that have influence on milk price, as a result farmers are very concerned for possible influence of the diet on them. Milk fat is under greatest nutritional influence, and their percent depends on availability of precursors needed for its synthesis; but also on presence of substances that might have adverse effect. There can be little influence of the diet on milk proteins. The most successful way to improve protein content is to enhance microbial protein synthesis in the rumen, and to take care about balance of degradable and undegradable protein in the diet. It is not possible to change lactose content with normal nutrition, considering that it is the most consistent milk component. Količina proteina i masti u mleku su glavni parametri za određivanje cene mleka, te su proizvođači zainteresovani za mogućnost uticaja ishranom na njih. Masti su pod najvećim uticajem ishrane, odnosno njihova količina zavisi od prisutnosti neophodnih prekursora, kao i antagonističkih materija. Proteini se u maloj meri mogu korigovati ishranom, i to stimulacijom mikrobijalne sinteze proteina, kao i odnosom razgradive i nerazgradive frakcije. Na količinu laktoze se ne može uticati ishranom, pošto ona predstavlja najstabilniji sastojak mleka.

In this work the results about fattening young bulls along with influence different factors were exposed. Especially, the basic factors binding with success of fattening young bulls (different starting and final weights, sex, composite of diet) are given. The results binding with growth, composite of tissue, increasing of proteins and fat with different final weights at butcher are especially given. . U radu su izloženi brojni rezultati u oblasti tova junadi uz uticaj različitih faktora. Posebno su istaknuti osnovni faktori od kojih u velikom stepenu zavisi uspeh tova (različite početne i završne telesne mase junadi, polna pripadnost grla, sastav obroka). U domenu efekata posebno su izneti rezultati vezani za prirast, sastav tkiva, povećanja proteina i masti pri različitim telesnim masama pri klanju i td.

The productivity of cows are along with genetic parameters significantly influenced by the animals diet. The feeding has large influence on the milk yield but also on its composition. The recommendations are that there have to be 13-15% crude fiber in the diet which enables the high percent of milk fat. In high productive animals higher amount of concentrates in the diet is required. Usage of additional concentrate mixture enables better diet balancing. Relatively low amount of hay with good quality silage or fresh green forage with the appropriate concentrate mixture enables good and economic production and full realization of cows genetic potentials. Special care should be paid to feed and feeding in dairy production. . Proizvodnost krava u domenu mleka je uslovljena brojnim faktorima (rasom grla, starošću, kondicijom, stepenom laktacije, ali veoma izraženo i nivoom ishrane, sastavom obroka i prisustvom pojedinih hraniva u njemu). Pojedinačna hraniva uglavnom ne mogu da ispune sve zahteve i da obezbede potrebe grla, čak ni za nisku proizvodnost. Sastav mleka je uslovljen i navedenim faktorima ali se genetska vrednost ne može ispoljiti bez odgovarajuće ishrane. .