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In this study, the response surface methodology (RSM) optimization technique was used to look at the effects of load, Pumpkin Methyl Ester (PME), and compression ratio enhanced diesel on engine performance and exhaust emission. Biodiesel blend PME (20, 40, and 60%) and compression ratio (16.5, 17.5, and 18.5) were chosen to get the maximum BTE and the least BSFC, NOx, CO, smoke, and HC. The engine was run using the RSM method, which was based on the load (0–100%). The findings showed that the load, the PME, and the compression ratio concentration of the engine had a big effect on the response variables. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) for the built quadratic models showed that each model was a good fit. Also, an optimal was found by making sure that the user-defined historical plan of an experiment was as good as it could be. The perfect study factors were a load of 50%, a PME Blend of 40%, and a compression ratio of 17.5%. This gave a maximum BTE of 32.5%. When the load is 100%, the PME Blend is 40, and the compression ratio is 16.5, the fuel use goes down by 0.2 kg/kW.h. CO and HC emissions went up by 28.34% and 20.66%, while smoke and NOx emissions went down by 14.09% and 42.04%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]