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Background/Aims: The association between cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) hypermethylation and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) risk has been investigated by a number of studies. However, these studies have not demonstrated consistent results. Moreover, the role of CDKN2A methylation in HNSCC carcinogenesis and its clinical significance remain unclear. Methods: We performed a systematic meta-analysis based on 72 articles (including 3399 HNSCCs, 668 premalignant lesions, and 2393 normal controls) from the PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang databases. Results: Our study showed a significant increase in the frequency of CDKN2A methylation during HNSCC carcinogenesis (HNSCC vs. normal controls, odds ratio (OR) = 6.72, P < 0.01; HNSCC vs. precancerous lesions, OR = 1.89, P < 0.05; precancerous lesions vs. normal controls, OR = 14.70, P < 0.01). Moreover, CDKN2A methylation was significantly associated with gender (OR = 1.34; P < 0.05) and lymph node metastasis (OR = 2.32; P < 0.01). The area under summary receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for diagnosis of HNSCC based on all samples and saliva sample subgroup were 0.77 and 0.96, respectively. Additionally, CDKN2A hypermethylation was significantly associated with shorter overall survival (OS) (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.01, P < 0.05) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) (HR = 1.77, P < 0.05). Conclusion: Our findings indicate CDKN2A methylation is involved in the carcinogenesis, progression, and metastasis of HNSCC. Furthermore, methylated CDKN2A could be a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for HNSCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the contribution of SHISA3 promoter methylation to laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). SHISA3 promoter methylation status and expression were determined using methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) in 93 paired LSCC and adjacent normal tissues, respectively. Furthermore, the regulatory function of the SHISA3 promoter fragment was analyzed using a luciferase reporter assay. The results reveal that there is a significant increase in SHISA3 methylation in LSCC tissues compared with corresponding nontumor tissues P=4.58E-12. The qRT-PCR results show a significant association between SHISA3 methylation and expression in LSCC P=1.67E-03. In addition, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.91. Consequently, a log-rank test and multivariate Cox analysis suggest that SHISA3 promoter hypermethylation is a predictor of poor overall survival for LSCC (log-rank P = 0.024; HR = 2.71; 95% CI = 1.024–7.177; P = 0.047). The results indicate that SHISA3 promoter hypermethylation might increase the risk of LSCC through regulation of gene expression and is a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for LSCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conclusions: Endoscopic resection of nasopharyngeal angiofibroma is less traumatic, causes less bleeding, and provides a good curative effect. Using pre-operative embolization and controlled hypotension, reasonable surgical strategies and techniques lead to successful resection tumors of a maximum Andrews-Fisch classification stage of III. Objective: To investigate surgical indications, methods, surgical technique, and curative effects of transnasal endoscopic resection of nasopharyngeal angiofibroma, this study evaluated factors that improve diagnosis and treatment, prevent large intra-operative blood loss and residual tumor, and increase the cure rate. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed of the clinical data and treatment programs of 23 patients with nasopharyngeal angiofibroma who underwent endoscopic resection with pre-operative embolization and controlled hypotension. The surgical method applied was based on the size of tumor and extent of invasion. Curative effects were observed. Results: No intra-operative or perioperative complications were observed in 22 patients. Upon removal of nasal packing material 3–7 days post-operatively, one patient experienced heavy bleeding of the nasopharyngeal wound, which was treated compression hemostasis using post-nasal packing. Twenty-three patients were followed up for 6–60 months. Twenty-two patients experienced cure; one patient experienced recurrence 10 months post-operatively, and repeat nasal endoscopic surgery was performed and resulted in cure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]