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The article presents a case study of a 5-month-old male child with an erythematous plaque on the right cheek and neck wherein he was diagnosed with infantile hemangioma. The patient underwent cutaneous ultrasonogram for the leasion. The patient had a skin biopsy that showed the proliferation of endothelial cells and capillaries. It also stresses the medical diagnosis of Kasabach-Merritt syndrome in the child.

Background: Immunofluorescence (IFM) antigen mapping is the most commonly used technique to diagnose and differentiate epidermolysis bullosa (EB). In India, IFM is limited to few research laboratories and is not readily available, making the diagnosis largely clinical and often inaccurate. Ob jective of the Study: To examine the diagnostic usefulness of immunohistochemistry (IHC) as compared to IFM in resource-limited settings.Methods: Forty-four consecutive EB patients were included in this study. IHC and IFM were performed on 7-µm frozen tissue sections using standard laboratory protocols with a limited panel of antibodies. The kappa coefficient of agreement was calculated with genetic analysis as the gold standard.Results: IFM and IHC accurately identified the subtype of EB in 80.9% (p < 0.001) of the cases, when a clear blister cavity was evident on biopsy. The sensitivities and specificities of IHC and IFM for diagnosing EB simplex, junctional EB, and dystrophic EB were 100, 100, and 60% and 82.4, 100, and 100%, respectively. IHC was equally effective (p < 0.001) in establishing the type of EB as IFM.Conclusions: IHC staining and its interpretation were simple and comparable to IFM. IHC had an advantage of showing subtle changes in the epidermal architecture that could not be appreciated on IFM and hence can be considered useful in resource-limited settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a case report of an old man presented with a slowly increasing subungual growth over the left ring finger of 5 years duration. The growth was associated with bleeding on minor manipulation. An x-ray of the hand revealed erosion over the distal phalanx bone. The patient was referred to the surgery department, and disarticulation was performed at the proximal interphalangeal joint.

A man in his 50s presented with two urethrocutaneous fistulae with intermittent dribbling of urine from the opening of fistula on the surface of glans penis. A skin biopsy from indurated margin of fistula was suggestive of fibrosing granulomatous reaction. Anti-tubercular therapy was given with a diagnosis of penile tuberculosis and there was 50% improvement within two months of treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 70-year-old woman presented with generalized reticulate pigmentation, scarring alopecia, and few discrete, violaceous plaques over the trunk and forearm. Dermoscopic evaluation of the reticulate plaque showed reticulate hyperpigmentation with multiple telangiectasias, and skin biopsy showed lichenoid interface dermatitis with marked pigment incontinence. Thus, a final diagnosis of poikiloderma due to lichen planus pigmentosus was considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A letter to the editor is presented in response to the article "Basal cell carcinoma overlying vitiligo attributable to phototherapy" that was published in the previous issue.

Four monthly cycles of cladribine infusion (0.14 mg/kg for five days) showed 50-60 per cent improvement in her periorbital lesions and 80-90 per cent improvement in her neck lesions [Figure 1]E and [Figure 1]F. A 48 yr old female† presented to the department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, in March 2019, with yellowish papules and nodules over the periorbital areas for two years [Figure 1]A. Skin biopsy showed diffuse infiltrate of histiocytes, foamy histiocytes and lymphocytes with Touton giant cells [Figure 1]C and [Figure 1]D. [Extracted from the article]

The article presents a case study about a 13-year-old girl presented with complaints of a giant cerebriform intradermal nevus on her left frontoparietal scalp which was first noticed at birth and was gradually increased in size as she aged.