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Patients with solid tumors have an increased risk of developing pneumonia during the management of tumor. The prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of pneumonia in these patients have different characteristics compared to the general population, such as the correction of specific risk factors for pneumonia, the rational use of prophylactic antimicrobial drugs, the strategy of invasive sampling diagnostic techniques application, the differential diagnosis from anti-tumor treatment associated pulmonary adverse events, and the consideration of pathogens and drug resistance in empirical antimicrobial treatment. In order to standardize the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of pneumonia in patients with solid tumors, Oncology Respiratory Disease Committee of China Anti-Cancer Association initiated the "Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia in patients with solid tumors (2024 edition)". Based on a review of the latest evidence in this field, the consensus provides diagnostic and treatment pathways as well as recommendations. This consensus applies to oncologists, pulmonologists, infectious disease physicians, surgeons, emergency medicine physicians, and general practice healthcare professionals involved in the management of solid tumors in adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ocular adnexal extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (OAML) is a common malignant tumor that affects the ocular adnexal region. The incidence of OAML is increasing due to the aging population. The tumor invades the ocular adnexal region, which can result in abnormal ocular appearance and function, thereby reducing the quality of life. Currently, there is no standardized diagnosis and management guideline for OAML. To enhance the standardization of diagnosis and management in OAML, a collaborative effort was undertaken by esteemed organizations in China. The Cellular Immune Therapy Committee of China Association for Promotion of Health Science and Technology, the Ocular Tumor Committee of Chinese Medical Doctor Association for Ophthalmologist Branch, the Imaging Medicine Branch of Chinese International Exchange and Promotion Association for Medical and Healthcare, the Tumor and Microecology Professional Committee of China Anti-cancer Association, and the Lymphoma Immunotherapy Committee of Beijing Cancer Prevention Society jointly convened a panel of experts to develop the inaugural "Chinese Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis and Management of ocular adnexal extranodal marginal zone mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (2023 edition)". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pediatric urinary incontinence (PUI) is common in clinical practices. Seriously affecting the quality of life of children, it may cause upper urinary tract injury and even renal failure in severe cases. With a greater popularization of urodynamic study (UDS) in China, accurate diagnosis and treatment of PUI have be- come feasible. This consensus fulfilled the requirements of Reporting Items for Practice Guidelines in Health- care for the level of evidence and the grading of strength of recommendations. With references to the related guidelines of International Children's Continence Society (ICCS), it is compiled by domestic experts in the fields of pediatric urodynamics and pelvic floor control and urology under the auspices of Group of Pediatric Urodynamics & Pelvic Floor, Branch of Pediatric Surgery, Chinese Medical Association. It was intended to [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) can occur in nearly all types of malignant tumors, with lung cancer being the most prevalent cause. The presence of MPE indicates an advanced stage or distant spread of the tumor, significantly reducing the patient's life expectancy. Particularly, a substantial amount of pleural effusion can impede heart and lung function, impair blood oxygen perfusion levels in the body, and greatly diminish patients' quality of life. Even when systemic treatment has alleviated the primary lung tumor in some patients, effective control over MPE remains challenging and impacts clinical outcomes. Therefore, it is crucial to implement measures for reducing or managing MPE while ensuring standardized treatment for lung cancer. In recent years, significant advancements have been made in diagnosing and treating lung cancer complicated by MPE through extensive basic and clinical research. Based on existing evidence and China's clinical practice experience, relevant experts from the China Association of Health Promotion and Education and Cancer Rehabilitation and Palliative Treatment Professional Committee of China Anti-Cancer Association (CRPC) have summarized key aspects related to diagnosis and treatment consensus opinions for lung cancer complicated by MPE. This aims to establish standardized procedures that will serve as a reference for doctors' clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting ( CINV) are the most common and distressing adverse drug reactions experienced by cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. In order to provide more standardized, scientific, and rational treatment for CINV, by referring to domestic and foreign clinical guidelines and literature reports, members of the expert group of Traditional Chinese Medicine Group, Oncology Branch of Chongqing Medical Association take the syndrome differentiation and treatment of traditional Chinese medicine as the basic point, combined with the principles of evidence-based medicine, and form the Expert Consensus on Diagnosis and Treatment of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine after repeated discussion and modification. This consensus elaborated on the diagnostic criteria and standardized treatment modes of traditional Chinese and Western medicine for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lung cancer is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in China. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common histological type of lung cancer. Mutations of driver genes have major impacts on incidence and progression of lung cancer. Advances in molecular biology research and clinical research have promoted the discovery of rare tumor driver genes, as well as the development and application of new targeted drugs. Nearly 1% to 2% of NSCLCs harbor RET fusions, and this patient population may not respond well to traditional treatments like chemotherapy or radiation therapy. After the new highly selective RET inhibitors pralsetinib (BLU-667) and selpercatinib (LOXO-292) entered clinical application, the diagnosis and treatment of RET fusion positive NSCLC has made breakthrough progress. At present, there is a lack of guiding consensus on the standardized diagnosis and treatment of RET fusion-positive NSCLC in China. The Society of Cancer Precision of Chinese Anti-Cancer Association and Lung Cancer Expert Group of Chinese Medical Journal, invited 38 experts form respiratory medicine, medical oncology, oncology radiotherapy and pathology to form a consensus development group. Based on the existing research evidence, combined with China′s clinical practice experience, a standardized process for the diagnosis and treatment of advanced RET fusion-positive NSCLC is proposed, including suitable populations and methods for RET gene fusion, treatment drug selection, treatment of resistance to highly selective RET inhibitors, and management of adverse reactions to treatment, with a view to providing guidance for clinicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The clinical manifestations of patients with primary empty sella syndrome（PESS）are highly heterogeneous, mainly characterized by neurological symptoms, visual dysfunction, and endocrine and metabolic abnormalities, which usually requires standardized evaluation through multidisciplinary collaboration. However, there is currently a lack of corresponding expert consensus in China, which has affected the standardized diagnosis and treatment of PESS. This collaborative group organized multiple domestic experts of neurosurgery, endocrinology, and ophthalmology to comprehensively and systematically discuss the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic evaluation, treatment, prognosis and follow-up of PESS patients based on their clinical experience and literature. A consensus was developed to provide reference opinions for a comprehensive understanding and accurate diagnosis and treatment of PESS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics is the property of Xiangya Medical Periodical Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Hepatitis E caused by hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is an acute /chronic infectious disease with significant morbidity and mortality, which has become an important global health issue. Our understanding of HEV has changed completely over the past decade. Every year 20 million people are infected with HEV, among whom hepatitis E occur in 3.3 million cases and 70 thousands die from HEV infection-related diseases globally. However, a majority of HEV infections, especially fulminant or chronic hepatitis E, are missed diagnosed or misdiagnosed in China. According the goal of eliminating viral hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030 set by the World Health Organization and based on the fact that medical institutions are the main facilities for diagnosis and treatment of Hepatitis E in China, we developed the Expert Consensus on the process of in-hospital screening and management of viral hepatitis E in China. The consensus intends to promote multi-disciplinary and multi-departmental collaboration in health care institutions, including hospital administration, infection control division, clinical departments and laboratory, to strengthen the screen, diagnosis, consultation, referral and treatment of patients with hepatitis E. Meanwhile, the consensus also intends to raise the awareness of hepatitis E among non-infectious and non-hepatic specialists, which would be conducive to timely detection and early diagnosis of hepatitis E. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The quality of solid organ transplantation has been improved significantly in China in recent years. However, surgical site infection (SSI) is still a main factor affecting the survival of solid organ transplantation recipients. With the joint efforts of experts in fields of organ transplantation, infectious diseases, critical care medicine, laboratory medicine and clinical pharmacy, this expert consensus systematically summarizes the experiences of SSI management in solid organ transplantation in China, focusing on basic management principles, epidemiology, risk factors, special pathogen infection and diagnostic techniques of SSI. It aims to standardize the prevention measures of SSI in transplantation centers to reduce the incidence and mortality of SSI in solid organ transplantation recipients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs) are highly heterogeneous tumors. According to the 2019 World Health Organization classification and grading criteria for neuroendocrine neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract and hepatopancreatobiliary organs, GEP-NENs include well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors ( NETs ), poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs), and mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNENs). GEP-NETs may present as hormonally functioning or nonfunctioning tumors and may have distinct clinical features based on their sites of origin. The Expert Committee of Neuroendocrine Tumors, Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology revised and updated the 2016 version of Chinese expert consensus on GEP-NENs. The update the consensus includes the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, biochemical and imaging examinations, pathological features, and treatment and follow-up of GEP-NENs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sarcopenia-osteoporosis has become a global public health problem and frontier research problem. At present, there are still some practical problems such as single diagnosis and treatment, and imperfect management of sarcopenia-osteoporosis. The China Health Promotion Foundation organized experts to compile the Expert Consensus on sarcopenia-osteoporosis to provide reference for the clinical diagnosis, treatment and scientific research of sarcopenia-osteoporosis. The consensus discussed: sarcopenia-osteoporosis is a degenerative metabolic syndrome coexisting with sarcopenia and osteoporosis, has a common basis of pathogenesis, the diagnostic criteria should be osteoporosis and sarcopenia coexisting, prevention is more important than treatment. The goal of treatment for sarcopenia-osteoporosis is to improve muscle mass, muscle strength, body balance, bone mass, and bone quality, and to avoid falls and fractures. The management of sarcopenia-osteoporosis should pay equal attention to muscle and bone, based on comprehensive diagnosis, standardized treatment, doctor-patient cooperation, scientific evaluation and regular follow-up mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics is the property of Xiangya Medical Periodical Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Neurologic immune-related adverse events (NAEs) are rare complications of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). NAEs can affect the central nervous system, peripheral nervous system and neuroendocrine system, they can lead to death and serious dysfunction. NAEs requires standardized diagnosis, treatment and clinicians' high attention. The diagnosis of NAEs is very challenging due to its complexity, diversity and some non-specific clinical manifestations. It needs to be carefully distinguished from neurological dysfunction caused by other diseases such as tumor, infection, metabolism and iatrogenic (non-immune mediated) complications. Therefore, Committee of Neoplastic Supportive-Care of China Anti- Cancer Association and Cancer Clinical Chemotherapy Committee of China Anti-Cancer Association organized experts to conduct literature analysis and evidence level discussion on the clinical key issues related to NAEs, including the epidemiology, pathogenesis, risk factors, general principles of diagnosis and treatment, clinical manifestations and diagnosis and treatment strategies of specific types of NAEs, and the principles of ICI rechallenge after NAEs. Based on the latest clinical evidence and combined with China' s clinical practice, the expert committee finally formulated a Chinese expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of nAEs (2022 edition) for the prevention, diagnosis, comprehensive treatment and follow-up of NAEs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a serious clinical problem and challenging for oncologists. CIPN is often a persistent adverse consequence of certain chemotherapeutic agents and more cancer survivors will experience CIPN leading to chronic pain and worsening quality of life. However, the available and effective strategies for clinical treatment of CIPN are very limited. Oncologists are frequently obliged to decrease or stop neurotoxic anticancer drugs, with a possible deleterious impact on the oncological prognostic. The challenges faced by CIPN include further study on the pathological mechanism, dose threshold, incidence, risk factors and clinical characteristics of CIPN; lack of diagnostic criteria and tools of CIPN; lack of effective and standardized CIPN prevention and treatment programs. The current update of research results on these challenging issues of CIPN will provide more decision-making evidence for oncologists to diagnose and treat CIPN. Therefore, Committee of Neoplastic Supportive-Care of China Anti- Cancer Association and Cancer Clinical Chemotherapy Committee of China Anti-Cancer Association convenes some experts to summarize the recent literatures and discuss to reach the consensus about recommendations for the definition, pathophysiological mechanism, assessment, prevention, and treatment of CIPN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery is the property of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, College of Stomatology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Surgery for thalamic glioma is a huge challenge for neurosurgeons. Surgical treatment of adult thalamic glioma is one of the difficult problems in neurosurgery at home and abroad. Up to now, there is no relevant diagnosis and standard treatment for thalamic glioma surgical treatment, also no unified surgical management strategy. To this end, the Society for Neuro- Oncology of China (SNO-China), the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association Committee of the Glioma and the Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group (CGCG) jointly organized experts and scholars in the field of glioma to write the Chinese experts consensus on surgical treatment for adult thalamus glioma. It is hoped that through the formulation of this consensus, it will provide reference for relevant medical staff in clinical diagnosis and treatment practice, in order to improve the understanding of surgical treatment of thalamic glioma, standardize the relevant diagnosis and treatment process such as surgery, and thereby help improve the clinical prognosis of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Primary medical institutions are the forefront of the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis. In order to solve the problems of diagnosis, treatment, and management in the process of prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in primary medical institutions, experts have compiled expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis in primary medical institutions (2021) to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis in primary medical institutions organized by the Expert Consensus Committee on Diagnosis and Treatment of Osteoporosis in Primary Medical Institutions of China Health Promotion Foundation. The consensus indicates that osteoporosis is a systemic bone disease characterized by low bone mass, damage of bone microstructure, increase of bone fragility and easy fracture, which can be divided into primary and secondary . It is recommended that primary medical institutions conduct preliminary screening using high risk factors of osteoporosis and simple screening tools. The diagnosis of osteoporosis includes high-risk population, clinical diagnosis, and differential diagnosis. The treatment of osteoporosis includes lifestyle adjustment, basic treatment, oral and external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine, integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine, exercise, fracture treatment, and efficacy judgment. The management of primary osteoporosis can start from population screening, data filing, hierarchical diagnosis and treatment, two-way referral, standardized treatment, and regular follow-up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the understanding of the essential characteristics and pathogenesis of prolonged Disorders of Consciousness (pDOC ) has been greatly promoted the evaluation and diagnosis. "The Chinese Experts Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of prolonged Disorders of Consciousness" sponsored by the Disorders of Consciousness Group of the Professional Committee on Neurorepair of the Chinese Medical Association, is a compilation and summary of the experience of Chinese experts in the field of pDOC and establishes relatively uniform standards for understanding, evaluation, and implementation, which is conducive to the development of clinical and basic research on pDOC. Due to the fact that the consensus on pDOC covers many fields, there are differences and disputes among experts on the understanding and the concept of diagnosis and treatment. This paper unscrambles the key issues in the consensus writing and discussion, including the concept of "pDOC", the use of the term " VS", the Chinese translation of "MCS", the exploration and problems in functional neuro-imaging technology and electrophysiology technology, the dispute over the conservative treatment method and effect, and the choice of invasive neuromodulation treatment, and looks forward to the domestic development of pDOC diagnosis and treatment [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine is the property of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine is the property of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Lung cancer is by far the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in China. Through multidimensional discussion and analysis of disease, the multidisciplinary team (MDT) diagnosis and treatment brings lots of benefits for cancer patients, including increasing patient satisfaction, reducing hospitalization expense, shortening treatment waiting time, providing more reasonable diagnosis and treatment pathways mHl strategics, relieving medical disputes, increasing enrollment opportunities for patients in high-quality clinical trials, patients' prognosis and life quality and so on Presently, lung cancer MDT in China needs to be improved, including guideline following, democratic decision, landing performance and feedback, meeting records, patient follow-up and so on. So this consensus combines lung cancer MDT experience of China with leading-edge global oncology MDT experience to construct patientcentered lung cancer MDT diagnosis and treatment model, including MDT responsibility and obligations, organizational framework, working modality, standard procedures, assessment methods, and encouragement mechanisms and so on. Chinese Thoracic Oncology Group; Chinese Society of Lung Cancer; Lung Cancer Group of Oncolo1gy Branch, Chinese Medical Association; Multidisciplinary Team Diagnosis and Treatment Committee, Chinses Medical Doctor Association jointly publish this consensus. The purpose of this consensus is to provide pnwedures and criteria for lung cancer MDT of China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lung cancer is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in China, with 733 thousands estimated new lung cancer cases and 610 thousands deaths in 2015. In the pathological type of lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 80%-85%, and 30% of NSCLC patients have already reached stage III at diagnosis, who have lost the optimal opportunity for surgical treatment. Stage III NSCLC is highly heterogeneous, the 5-year survival rates of stage III A, III B and III C NSCLC are 36%, 26% and 13%, respectively. For the great complexity of making decisions in the clinical practice of stage III NSCLC, the experts of this consensus group combine the latest clinical research results and cutting-edge multidisciplinary concepts, conduct in-depth and detailed discussions on the hot issues and controversies in the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up surveillance of stage III NSCLC. Chinese Anti-Cancer Association and Committee of Lung Cancer Society jointly publish this consensus to provide guidance for Chinese clinicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor among women in the world. In 2015, there were about 272 000 new diagnosed cases and over 70 000 deaths of breast cancer in China. In new cases of breast cancer each year, about 3 to 10 percent have distant metastases at the time of diagnosis. Among the early-stage patients, 30%-40% will develop into advanced breast cancer. The 5-year survival rate of patients with the advanced breast cancer is only 20%, and the overall median survival is 2-3 years. Although advanced breast cancer is still difficult to cure at present, we can relieve the clinical symptoms, improve the quality of life and further prolong the survival time through development of new drugs and the optimization model of treatment. Patients with advanced breast cancer have their own particularity in the choice of treatment options. Moreover, there is no standard recommendation for the treatment of refractory breast cancer after multiline therapy. In order to offer reference for clinicians, the Chinese expert group has analyzed, summarized and discussed the related research data of diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of inoperable locally advanced breast cancer and recurrent or metastatic breast cancer, and developed the Chinese expert consensus on the clinical diagnosis and treatment of advanced breast carcinoma (2018). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]