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Objective: To analyse the main characteristics of patients and the health outcomes obtained and to evaluate the impact of peripheral artery disease (PAD) in patients treated in our multidisciplinary Diabetic Foot Unit., Research Design and Methods: Observational prospective study. 273 patients from two different populations (with and without PAD - classified according to the presence of distal pulses) treated over a 14-month period in the multidisciplinary Diabetic Foot Unit were included. The data on patient characteristics and outcomes were analysed for the purpose of comparison. For the inference study, a comparison of medians with the non-parametric test for independent samples for the quantitative variables and a χ 2 test for the comparison of proportions in qualitative variables were performed., Results: Patients with PAD ulcers were older (60 (54-67) vs. 64 (75-81), p=0.000) and had a higher macrovascular burden (8.1% vs. 29% for ischaemic heart disease history, p=0.000; 6.7% vs. 18.1% for cerebrovascular disease history, p=0.004). Their Texas Score was higher (p=0.000) and their major amputation rate was higher (1.4% vs. 12.3%, p=0.001). They had less background of previous ulcers (52.6% vs. 26.8%, p=0.000), their episode duration was shorter (4 (0-10) vs. 0 (0-3) weeks, p=0.000), and their proportional need for antibiotic therapy was lower (64.4% vs. 51.4%, p=0.03)., Conclusions: The differences found between ulcers with and without vascular involvement support the need for a different approach and for the inclusion of vascular surgeons on the team. The multidisciplinary care model for diabetic foot patients could be effective and improve health outcomes., (Copyright © 2022 SEEN and SED. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Background and Objective: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) on hemodialysis present high cardiovascular comorbidity. Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is associated with higher mortality and the interest in its early detection and treatment is increasing. The objective of this study is to determine the frequency and severity of symptomatic PAD, and to establish its relationship with mortality in HD patients that have received treated early and compare them with a cohort of our center already reported., Material and Methods: Retrospective study on a cohort of incident patients since 2014 and followed up until December 2019. Demographic data, cardiovascular risk, the presence of symptomatic PAD at baseline and during follow-up were collected. Trophic lesions were graded using the Rutherford scale., Results: Initially, there were 91 patients and 7 cases that were not included in the study were lost to follow-up. Age 64 ± 16 years, men 51.6% (47/91). The percentage of baseline PAD was 10.7% (9/84). During a median follow-up of 35 months (20-57), the diagnosis of PAD increased to 25% (21/84). Half of the patients with PAD 52.38% (11/21) obtained a score greater than 3 in the Rutherford Clinical Classification, which corresponds to severe disease. 13/21 patients required reoperation due to recurrence of symptoms (61.9% of cases with PAD). The development of PAD was significantly associated with: an elevated index of Charlson (3.9±2.1 vs. 7.7 ± 3.5; P = 0.001),being male (19 vs. 2; P = 0.001), diabetic (no: 7; yes: 15; P = 0.001) and with a history of chronic ischemic heart disease (no: 13; yes: 8; P = 0.001), 38.1% (8/21) had ischemic heart disease in patients who developed PAD, while in the absence of PAD the presence of ischemic heart disease was 9.5% (6/63). Furthermore, more than half (66.7% [14/21]) of those who developed PAD were diabetic. Univariate analysis showed that age, C reactive protein, albumin, and number of surgical interventions, but not PAD, were associated with mortality. In the multivariate analysis adjusted for other factors, only C reactive protein was related to overall survival Exp β: 2.17; P = 0.011; CI (1.19-3.97). Regarding cardiovascular mortality, in the multivariate Cox analysis, only PAD was related to mortality of cardiovascular origin Exp β: 1.73; P = 0.006; CI (1.17-2.56)., Conclusions: A significant number of patients on hemodialysis develop PAD requiring peripheral vascular surgery. PAD was not associated with overall mortality in our cohort, but it did show an association with cardiovascular mortality. Prospective studies with a larger sample size are necessary. New surgical treatments and Follow-up by vascular surgeons could improve the severity of PAD and the long-term prognosis., (Copyright © 2022 Sociedad Española de Nefrología. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: There is currently a degree of divergence among the main clinical practice guidelines on the management of risk factors for peripheral arterial disease (PAD). This project aims to gain understanding of the management of PAD risk factors in clinical practice and to reach a multidisciplinary consensus on the strategies to be followed in order to optimize its identification, treatment, and follow-up., Methodology: A multidisciplinary consensus following the Delphi methodology., Results: Professionals (n = 130) with extensive experience in PAD participated in this consultation. The results suggest that in order to optimize the control of risk factors, efforts should be aimed at: (1) promoting the involvement and awareness of all specialists in the identification of and screening for the disease; (2) guaranteeing the possibility of evaluating the ankle-brachial index (ABI) in all the medical specialties involved; (3) promoting strategies for patients to quit smoking through the use of drugs, programs, or referrals to specialized units; (4) promoting an appropriate Mediterranean-based diet and the prescription of daily exercise; (5) raising awareness of the importance of ensuring LDL cholesterol values below 70 mg/dL, especially in symptomatic but also in asymptomatic patients (<55 mg/dL following the publication of the ESC/EAS guide); (6) recommending the use of antiplatelet therapy in asymptomatic patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and/or a pathological ABI; and (7) protocolizing the annual evaluation of ABI in high-risk patients., Conclusion: This document presents the 22 agreed-upon strategies which are intended to help professionals optimize multidisciplinary management of PAD risk factors., (Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Introducción: La disfunción eréctil tiene una alta prevalencia en la población y en su fisiopatología intervienen procesos vasculares y neurales, entre ellas las relacionadas con las complicaciones tardías de la diabetes mellitus. Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre diabetes mellitus e insuficiencia arterial cavernosa en pacientes con disfunción eréctil. Métodos: Estudio transversal de análisis de datos secundarios realizado en un establecimiento de salud privada en Lima durante el año 2022. Se incluyeron pacientes con diagnóstico confirmado de disfunción eréctil. La variable independiente fue el diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus y la variable dependiente fue el diagnóstico de insuficiencia arterial cavernosa. Se realizó estadística de asociación y se estimaron razones de prevalencia mediante regresión logística. Resultados: De 887 pacientes, la media de edad fue 48,5 años. En el análisis bivariado, se encontró asociación entre la diabetes mellitus y la insuficiencia arterial cavernosa (p< 0,001). En el análisis de regresión simple, la prevalencia de tener insuficiencia arterial cavernosa fue 92 % mayor en los pacientes que tuvieron diabetes mellitus (RP: 1,92; IC95 %: 1,75-2,11; p< 0,001). Conclusiones: Existe asociación entre diabetes mellitus e insuficiencia arterial cavernosa en pacientes con disfunción eréctil, la prevalencia de insuficiencia arterial cavernosa es notablemente mayor en los pacientes que tienen diabetes mellitus.

Introduction: The diabetes mellitus is the chronic disease considered as one of the highest sanitary emergencies in the XXI century in the world that can trigger some complications and serious health problems. Objective: To characterize diabetic patients with arterial chronic disease in lower limbs according to clinical, hemodynamic and ultrasound variables. Methods: An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study of the 178 diabetic patients with clinical diagnosis of arterial chronic disease in lower limbs was carried out, who were assisted in the Imaging Service of Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba from January, 2017 to December, 2019, to whom hemodynamic exam by means of the ankle-brachial index and arterial Doppler ultrasound was carried out. Results: In the investigation there was a prevalence of the elderly (41.6 %) from the female sex (54.0 %), the intermittent abandonment as main symptom (57.3 %), the femoropopliteal sector (34.8 %) according to the exact topography of the lesions, as well as the significant stenosis (53.9 %) and the moderate peripheral arterial disease (58.3 %). Conclusions: Most of the patients presented a significant stenosis according to Doppler ultrasound, in correspondence with the diagnosis of moderated peripheralarterial disease by the ankle-brachial index. The Doppler ultrasound also contributed the exact topography of the lesions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The diabetes mellitus is the chronic disease considered as one of the highest sanitary emergencies in the XXI century in the world that can trigger some complications and serious health problems. Objective: To characterize diabetic patients with arterial chronic disease in lower limbs according to clinical, hemodynamic and ultrasound variables. Methods: An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study of the 178 diabetic patients with clinical diagnosis of arterial chronic disease in lower limbs was carried out, who were assisted in the Imaging Service of Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba from January, 2017 to December, 2019, to whom hemodynamic exam by means of the ankle-brachial index and arterial Doppler ultrasound was carried out. Results: In the investigation there was a prevalence of the elderly (41.6 %) from the female sex (54.0 %), the intermittent abandonment as main symptom (57.3 %), the femoropopliteal sector (34.8 %) according to the exact topography of the lesions, as well as the significant stenosis (53.9 %) and the moderate peripheral arterial disease (58.3 %). Conclusions: Most of the patients presented a significant stenosis according to Doppler ultrasound, in correspondence with the diagnosis of moderated peripheral arterial disease by the ankle-brachial index. The Doppler ultrasound also contributed the exact topography of the lesions.

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Objective: To evaluate the proportion of evidence of neuropathy and peripheral arterial disease, and to identify its relationship with sociodemographic variables, lifestyle and clinical factors with the classification of risk related to the foot of people with Diabetes Mellitus. Methods: Cross-sectional, descriptive, quantitative study. Sample for convenience 60 people in three Basic Health Units. It was used a sociodemographic form, clinical form for the assessment and screening of neuropathic pain, loss of protective sensitivity and peripheral arterial disease in primary care, a questionnaire for evidence of diabetic neuropathy. Pearson's test was applied in the relationship study. Results: Female predominance, mean age 58.1 (± 12.6) years, diagnosis time 12 years (± 9.6) and casual blood glucose 211.3mg/dl (± 91.7). Five participants presented evidence for neuropathy and none presented evidence for peripheral arterial disease. Significant correlation between risk classification, scores for neuropathic impairment (p <0.05) and monofilament (p <0.002). Conclusion: There was a low proportion of neuropathy and peripheral arterial disease, neuropathic impairment score and sensitivity to monofilament, were associated with risk classification. These relationships represent the need for intervention through the practice of screening for complications, which may contribute to the prevention of diabetic foot with amputation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Sarcopenia is characterized by loss of strength and muscle mass. Patients with diabetes mellitus who are under hemodialysis treatment show decreased physical activity and changes in their food intake, which also leads to the presence of sarcopenia. On the other hand, peripheral neuropathy and peripheral arterial disease commonly appear as chronic complications of diabetes mellitus. Methods: A cross-sectional, observational study was carried out in diabetes mellitus patients on hemodialysis. For the assessment of sarcopenia, muscle strength, physical performance and muscle mass percentage were measured. Muscle strength was calculated with a dynamometer, while physical performance was evaluated in seconds by means of a walk test with a stopwatch; muscle mass percentage was obtained using a scale with bioelectrical impedance. Sarcopenia was considered severe when there was low muscle strength and percentage in addition to low physical performance. Peripheral neuropathy was assessed by exploring touch and pressure sensibility with the Semmes-Weinstein monofilament test and deep sensibility with a 128 Hz tuning fork. The ankle-brachial index was the measurement taken for the peripheral arterial disease classification. Results: The final analysis was performed with 33 patients, whose time on hemodialysis was 3.57 ± 2.56 years. The prevalence of severe sarcopenia and sarcopenia was 90.8% and that of pre-sarcopenia was 9% of all patients. On the other hand, 78.1% were found to be patients with loss of deep sensibility, while the percentage of patients with loss of sensibility to pressure and touch was 54.5%. A correlation was found between the sarcopenia parameters and the time of evolution of renal failure and age. Conclusion: Sarcopenia occurs, in its different stages, in practically all diabetes mellitus patients undergoing hemodialysis; there is a relationship with the patient's age and hemodialysis time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río is the property of Editorial Ciencias Medicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

RESUMEN La creciente epidemia de diabetes impone la necesidad de implementar estrategias para la detección de complicaciones diabéticas en etapas tempranas cuando aún están en estadio preclínico. La enfermedad arterial periférica es una de ellas, con consecuencias devastadoras para el paciente, la familia y la sociedad. Su frecuencia aumenta con la edad y el tiempo de evolución de la diabetes. La mayoría de los pacientes son asintomáticos lo que dificulta el diagnóstico, además, las limitaciones del examen físico exigen complementarlo con estudios no invasivos. El índice de presiones tobillo-brazo es el principal método para su detección pero es necesario conocer sus limitaciones en las personas con diabetes para interpretar correctamente los resultados. Los pacientes con enfermedad arterial periférica asintomática tienen más rápida declinación funcional con probabilidad de progresar a formas mas graves de la enfermedad como la isquemia crítica y la amputación, así como, mayor riesgo de eventos cardiovasculares isquémicos en otros territorios arteriales y de mortalidad. La detección sistemática de enfermedad arterial periférica asintomática en las personas con diabetes identificaría los pacientes que se beneficiarían con intervenciones más intensivas por lo que constituye una fuerte recomendación en la actualidad. Con este trabajo nos proponemos debatir sobre la importancia de la búsqueda de esta complicación en las personas con diabetes, así como, los retos actuales para su detección y diagnóstico.

RESUMEN Introducción: La enfermedad arterial periférica es bien conocida como predictor de morbilidad y mortalidad cardiovascular y cerebrovascular, de ahí la importancia de reconocer sus factores de riesgo. Objetivo: Determinar los factores de riesgo asociados a la enfermedad arterial periférica en pacientes diagnosticados por el índice tobillo brazo. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional analítico transversal, entre el 1ro de septiembre y 30 de noviembre de 2019. El universo fue de 290 pacientes, se trabajó con una muestra de 120, determinada por un muestreo aleatorio simple. Se emplearon estadígrafos descriptivos e inferenciales: prueba t de Student, el odds ratio de prevalencia y la regresión logística binomial. Resultados: Fueron categorizados con índice tobillo brazo < 0,9 un total de 43 pacientes (35,8 %). La media de edad de la población fue de 58,43 ± 16,69. El sexo femenino predominó con 61 pacientes (50,8 %). El índice de masa corporal promedio fue de 24,29 ± 3,29 kg/m2. La hipertensión arterial fue el factor de riesgo más frecuente presentándose en 67,5 % de los pacientes. Se identificaron como factores de riesgo de índice tobillo brazo < 0,9 a la edad ≥ 60 años (OR: 6,41; IC 95 %: 2,04-20,1; p=0,001); la hipertensión arterial (OR: 2,99; IC 95 %: 1,02-8,73; p=0,045); la diabetes mellitus (OR: 3,89; IC 95 %: 1,34-11,3; p=0,012) y la dislipidemia (OR: 4,35; IC 95 %: 1,27-14,8; p=0,019). Conclusiones: La edad avanzada, la hipertensión arterial, la diabetes mellitus y la dislipidemia constituyeron factores de riesgo asociados a la enfermedad arterial periférica.

Introducción: Las vasculopatías periféricas constituyen importantes factores de riesgo asociados a complicaciones isquémicas cerebrales, cardiacas y de los miembros. Objetivo: Caracterizar a pacientes con enfermedad vascular periférica y complicaciones derivadas de estas. Método: Estudio descriptivo en pacientes con enfermedades vasculares periféricas, del servicio de angiología y cirugía vascular del Hospital Provincial "Saturnino Lora" de Santiago de Cuba, en el periodo de enero del 2015 a diciembre del 2016. Universo constituido por 265 pacientes y muestra de 162 pacientes. Variables estudiadas: antecedentes patológicos personales de complicaciones cerebrovasculares, cardiovasculares y de amputaciones de miembros, tipo de enfermedad vascular, presencia de criterios clínicos que sugiriesen la necesidad de amputación quirúrgica. Resultados: El 7,1 % presentó historia de por lo menos un episodio de enfermedad cerebrovascular isquémica. El porcentaje de individuos aquejados de cardiopatía ascendió a un 18,9 %. Más del 10 % de los enfermos con antecedentes de amputación eran portadores de enfermedad vascular periférica de origen arterial. Casi el 50 % de los pacientes con vasculopatía periférica tenían criterios de amputación quirúrgica de extremidades. Conclusiones: Llos pacientes afectados por vasculopatía periférica mostraron mayores porcentajes de complicaciones cardiovasculares que cerebrovasculares. La vasculopatía periférica fue predominante en pacientes con antecedentes de amputación quirúrgica de extremidad. Cerca de la mitad de los enfermos con evidencias clínicas de enfermedad vascular periférica poseían criterios de amputación.

Introducción: la enfermedad arterial periférica es una afección frecuente en adultos mayores. Se acrecienta con la presencia de comorbilidades. Puede ser detectada por la medición de la presión arterial en los cuatro miembros y el cálculo del índice tobillo-brazo. Objetivos: determinar la frecuencia de enfermedad arterial periférica detectada por el índice tobillo-brazo, los síntomas de claudicación intermitente de miembros y la presencia de comorbilidades. Metodología: estudio observacional descriptivo prospectivo de corte transversal realizado en 62 pacientes mayores de 40 años internados en el Servicio de Clínica Médica del Hospital Nacional (Itauguá, Paraguay) en el 2016. Se determinó la presión arterial en los cuatro miembros con un tensiómetro digital y se registró la presencia de comorbilidades. El índice tobillo-brazo derecho se calculó por el cociente de la presión arterial sistólica del tobillo derecho dividido la presión arterial sistólica más elevada de cualquier brazo y de forma similar para el índice tobillo-brazo izquierdo. Se consideró índice tobillo-brazo compatible con enfermedad arterial periférica todo valor ? 0,9. Resultados: en la muestra predominó el sexo masculino (52%) y la edad media fue 54 ± 9 años. Las comorbilidades más frecuentes fueron hipertensión arterial (48%), tabaquismo (32%) y diabetes mellitus (26%). Se detectó enfermedad arterial periférica en 9,6%. La mayoría de los afectados se encontraban en el grado I de la clasificación de Fontaine (asintomáticos). Discusión: la frecuencia de enfermedad arterial periférica fue 9,6%. Sólo un paciente era sintomático. Las comorbilidades más frecuentes fueron la hipertensión arterial y el tabaquismo. La determinación de la presión arterial en los cuatro miembros permite detectar una enfermedad asintomática, potencialmente grave. Palabras clave: Enfermedad arterial periférica; Índice tobillo-brazo; Hipertensión arterial; Diabetes mellitus. Tabaquismo

Objective: Describe the clinical and imaging characteristics of diabetic patients who underwent endovascular treatment for peripheral arterial disease. Method: A retrospective descriptive study was carried out. We reviewed the data in the clinical and radiological file of the patients included in the study; they were collected in a survey sheet previously authorized by the Bioethics Committee of the Institution. The data obtained were tabulated in the Epilnfo v7.2 program and graphed using the Office Excel 2016 program. Results: Fifty patients who met the inclusion criteria were included in the study, 52% of them were women, mainly in the age group between 61-70 years. Arterial hypertension was the most frequent comorbidity in the study population with 78% of the total patients. Arterial disease below the knee was more frequent, with involvement of the anterior tibial artery in 84% of the patients evaluated. Balloon angioplasty was performed in 100% of the cases, while stent placement was necessary in 10% of the procedures performed. The result of the procedure was not successful only in 4/50 patients performed. 84% of the patients presented primary patency at 6 months of evaluation. Conclusion: Peripheral arterial disease mainly the vessels of the leg below the knee. Endovascular treatment of peripheral arterial injuries is a safe method with a high success rate in the initial procedure, as well as a low recurrence of intervention at least 6 months after the procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy and reliability of the neurological test (NT) and the arterial test (AT) according to the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) guidelines in the diagnosis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and peripheral arterial disease (PAD), respectively, using variables such as sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp), positive predictive value (PPV), and positive likelihood ratio (PLR) in type 2 diabetic patients attending the primary health care. Materials and methods: One hundred (100) type 2 diabetic patients were chosen from the public primary health care system, and evaluated by a primary physician in a private diabetic foot unit. The NT was represented by the tactilevibratory sensitivity and the AT by the ankle-brachial index according to the IWGDF guidelines. They were compared to standard neurological and arterial tests called Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument and Duplex Doppler Ultrasound, respectively, and performed by a diabetic foot specialist. Results: The NT showed an Se and Sp of 100 % and 94 % for the DPN, and the AT showed an S and E of 67.3 % and 83.2 % for the PAD, as well as a high PPV. The PLR was good in the NT, but poor in the AT. Conclusions: Accuracy and reliability of the NT and AT according to the IWGDF guidelines were adequate to diagnose DPN and PAD, respectively, in type 2 diabetic patients attending the primary health care, whose values were very similar to other studies' but affected by local factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Española de Cardiología (18855857) is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)