1. Ethnic differences in the manifestation of early-onset type 2 diabetes.
- Author
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Kibirige D, Katte JC, Hill AV, Sekitoleko I, Lumu W, Knupp J, Squires S, Hattersley AT, Smeeth L, Jones AG, and Nyirenda MJ
- Subjects
- Humans, Female, Male, Adult, Middle Aged, Black People statistics & numerical data, Uganda epidemiology, Body Mass Index, Cohort Studies, Follow-Up Studies, Prognosis, Ethnicity statistics & numerical data, Risk Factors, Biomarkers analysis, Waist Circumference, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 epidemiology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ethnology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 pathology, Age of Onset, White People statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Introduction: We undertook phenotypic characterization of early-onset and late-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) in adult black African and white European populations with recently diagnosed T2D to explore ethnic differences in the manifestation of early-onset T2D., Research Design and Methods: Using the Uganda Diabetes Phenotype study cohort of 500 adult Ugandans and the UK StartRight study cohort of 714 white Europeans with recently diagnosed islet autoantibody-negative T2D, we compared the phenotypic characteristics of participants with early-onset T2D (diagnosed at <40 years) and late-onset T2D (diagnosed at ≥40 years)., Results: One hundred and thirty-four adult Ugandans and 113 white Europeans had early-onset T2D. Compared with late-onset T2D, early-onset T2D in white Europeans was significantly associated with a female predominance (52.2% vs 39.1%, p=0.01), increased body mass index (mean (95% CI) 36.7 (35.2-38.1) kg/m
2 vs 33.0 (32.4-33.6) kg/m2 , p<0.001), waist circumference (112.4 (109.1-115.6) cm vs 108.8 (107.6-110.1) cm, p=0.06), and a higher frequency of obesity (82.3% vs 63.4%, p<0.001). No difference was seen with the post-meal C-peptide levels as a marker of beta-cell function (mean (95% CI) 2130.94 (1905.12-2356.76) pmol/L vs 2039.72 (1956.52-2122.92), p=0.62).In contrast, early-onset T2D in Ugandans was associated with less adiposity (mean (95% CI) waist circumference 93.1 (89.9-96.3) cm vs 97.4 (95.9-98.8) cm, p=0.006) and a greater degree of beta-cell dysfunction (120 min post-glucose load C-peptide mean (95% CI) level 896.08 (780.91-1011.24) pmol/L vs 1310.10 (1179.24-1440.95) pmol/L, p<0.001), without female predominance (53.0% vs 57.9%, p=0.32) and differences in the body mass index (mean (95% CI) 27.3 (26.2-28.4) kg/m2 vs 27.9 (27.3-28.5) kg/m2 , p=0.29)., Conclusions: These differences in the manifestation of early-onset T2D underscore the need for ethnic-specific and population-specific therapeutic and preventive approaches for the condition., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)- Published
- 2024
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