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Abstract: The predictive value of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in comparison to fasting plasma glucose (FPG) is evaluated for 5-year incident diabetes (DM), as HbA1c may be more practical than FPG in the screening for DM in the future. Of 1189 non-DM subjects aged 35–89 years old from the Funagata Study, 57 subjects (4.8%) had developed DM on the WHO criteria at 5-year follow-up. The odds ratio (95% confidence interval: CI) for a one standard deviation increase in FPG/HbA1c was 3.40 (2.44–4.74)/3.49 (2.42–5.02). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for FPG/HbA1c was 0.786 (95% CI: 0.719–0.853)/0.785 (0.714–0.855). The HbA1c corresponding to FPG 5.56mmol/l was HbA1c 5.3%. There was no statistical difference in sensitivity between FPG 5.56mmol/l and HbA1c 5.3% (61.4% vs. 56.1%), while specificity was higher in HbA1c 5.3% than FPG 5.56mmol/l (87.8% vs. 82.5%, p-value<0.001). The fraction of incident case from those with baseline IGT was similar between the groups, however the fraction of people above the cut-off was significantly lower in HbA1c 5.3% than FPG 5.56mmol/l (14.3% vs. 19.6%, p-value<0.001). HbA1c is similar to FPG to evaluate DM risk, and HbA1c could be practical and efficient to select subjects for intervention. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The associations of the C825T polymorphism (rs5443) of the G-protein β3 subunit (GNB3) gene and eight adjacent single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with diabetes were examined using a Japanese population (n (M/W): 2956 (1335/1621); age: 63.0±10.2 years). Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels were significantly associated with the C825T polymorphism and two flanking SNPs (rs2301339 and rs5446) (p =0.002, 0.001, and 0.008, respectively). A case-control association study of the C825T polymorphism with diabetes using multiple logistic regression analysis showed a significant association of the genotypes TT+TC with an odds ratio of 0.62 (p =0.008) independent of age, gender, and BMI. The effects of salt consumption on the association were then examined (n =1635). The FPG levels were significantly associated with the C825T polymorphism only in subjects with low salt consumption (<12.44 g/day) (p =0.002). A case-control association study also showed a significant association with diabetes only in subjects with low salt consumption (p =0.006). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Raised FPG was better at identifying future diabetes than either IDF MetS or a constellation of risk factors except for raised FPG with and without abdominal adiposity. This should shed light on a screening program for future DM in Japan. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]