5 results on '"Estall, Jennifer"'
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2. Heterogeneity of Diabetes: β-Cells, Phenotypes, and Precision Medicine: Proceedings of an International Symposium of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research's Institute of Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes and the U.S. National Institutes of Health's National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.
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Cefalu, William T., Andersen, Dana K., Arreaza-Rubín, Guillermo, Pin, Christopher L., Sato, Sheryl, Verchere, C. Bruce, Woo, Minna, Rosenblum, Norman D., Symposium planning committee, moderators, and speakers:, Rosenblum, Norman, Cefalu, William, Dhara, Christine, James, Stephen P, Makarchuk, Mary-Jo, Verchere, Bruce, Powers, Alvin, Estall, Jennifer, Hoesli, Corrine, Millman, Jeffrey, and Linnemann, Amelia
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RESEARCH personnel ,INDIVIDUALIZED medicine ,RESEARCH institutes ,PUBLIC health research ,DIABETES ,PHENOTYPES - Abstract
One hundred years have passed since the discovery of insulin-an achievement that transformed diabetes from a fatal illness into a manageable chronic condition. The decades since that momentous achievement have brought ever more rapid innovation and advancement in diabetes research and clinical care. To celebrate the important work of the past century and help to chart a course for its continuation into the next, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research's Institute of Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes and the U.S. National Institutes of Health's National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases recently held a joint international symposium, bringing together a cohort of researchers with diverse interests and backgrounds from both countries and beyond to discuss their collective quest to better understand the heterogeneity of diabetes and thus gain insights to inform new directions in diabetes treatment and prevention. This article summarizes the proceedings of that symposium, which spanned cutting-edge research into various aspects of islet biology, the heterogeneity of diabetic phenotypes, and the current state of and future prospects for precision medicine in diabetes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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3. Phenotypic Characterization of MIP-CreERT1Lphi Mice With Transgene-Driven Islet Expression of Human Growth Hormone.
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Oropeza, Daniel, Jouvet, Nathalie, Budry, Lionel, Campbell, Jonathan E., Bouyakdan, Khalil, Lacombe, Julie, Perron, Gabrielle, Bergeron, Valerie, Neuman, Joshua C., Brar, Harpreet K., Fenske, Rachel J., Meunier, Clemence, Sczelecki, Sarah, Kimple, Michelle E., Drucker, Daniel J., Screaton, Robert A., Poitout, Vincent, Ferron, Mathieu, Alquier, Thierry, and Estall, Jennifer L.
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ISLANDS of Langerhans ,TRANSGENES ,HUMAN growth hormone ,PANCREATIC beta cells ,LABORATORY mice ,INSULIN ,GLUCAGON ,ANIMAL experimentation ,BLOOD sugar ,DIABETES ,HOMEOSTASIS ,HYPERGLYCEMIA ,MICE ,RESEARCH funding ,PHENOTYPES - Abstract
There is growing concern over confounding artifacts associated with β-cell-specific Cre-recombinase transgenic models, raising questions about their general usefulness in research. The inducible β-cell-specific transgenic (MIP-CreERT(1Lphi)) mouse was designed to circumvent many of these issues, and we investigated whether this tool effectively addressed concerns of ectopic expression and disruption of glucose metabolism. Recombinase activity was absent from the central nervous system using a reporter line and high-resolution microscopy. Despite increased pancreatic insulin content, MIP-CreERT mice on a chow diet exhibited normal ambient glycemia, glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, and appropriate insulin secretion in response to glucose in vivo and in vitro. However, MIP-CreERT mice on different genetic backgrounds were protected from high-fat/ streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hyperglycemia that was accompanied by increased insulin content and islet density. Ectopic human growth hormone (hGH) was highly expressed in MIP-CreERT islets independent of tamoxifen administration. Circulating insulin levels remained similar to wild-type controls, whereas STZ-associated increases in α-cell number and serum glucagon were significantly blunted in MIP-CreERT(1Lphi) mice, possibly due to paracrine effects of hGH-induced serotonin expression. These studies reveal important new insight into the strengths and limitations of the MIP-CreERT mouse line for β-cell research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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4. Loss of Pgc-1α expression in aging mouse muscle potentiates glucose intolerance and systemic inflammation.
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Sczelecki, Sarah, Besse-Patin, Aurèle, Abboud, Alexandra, Kleiner, Sandra, Laznik-Bogoslavski, Dina, Wrann, Christiane D., Ruas, Jorge L., Haibe-Kains, Benjamin, and Estall, Jennifer L.
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DIABETES risk factors ,PGC-1 protein ,MUSCLE cells ,GLUCOSE intolerance ,INFLAMMATION ,GENE expression ,PEROXISOME proliferator-activated receptors ,LABORATORY mice - Abstract
Diabetes risk increases significantly with age and correlates with lower oxidative capacity in muscle. Decreased expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (Pgc-1α) and target gene pathways involved in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation are associated with muscle insulin resistance, but a causative role has not been established. We sought to determine whether a decline in Pgc-1α and oxidative gene expression occurs during aging and potentiates the development of age-associated insulin resistance. Muscle-specific Pgc-1α knockout (MKO) mice and wild-type littermate controls were aged for 2 yr. Genetic signatures of skeletal muscle (microarray and mRNA expression) and metabolic profiles (glucose homeostasis, mitochondrial metabolism, body composition, lipids, and indirect calorimetry) of mice were compared at 3, 12, and 24 mo of age. Microarray and gene set enrichment analysis highlighted decreased function of the electron transport chain as characteristic of both aging muscle and loss of Pgc-1α expression. Despite significant reductions in oxidative gene expression and succinate dehydrogenase activity, young mice lacking Pgc-1α in muscle had lower fasting glucose and insulin. Consistent with loss of oxidative capacity during aging, Pgc-1α and Pgc-1β expression were reduced in aged wild-type mouse muscle. Interestingly, the combination of age and loss of muscle Pgc-1α expression impaired glucose tolerance and led to increased fat mass, insulin resistance, and inflammatory markers in white adipose and liver tissues. Therefore, loss of Pgc-1α expression and decreased mitochondrial oxidative capacity contribute to worsening glucose tolerance and chronic systemic inflammation associated with aging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2014
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5. Nouvelles fonctions du co-activateur transcriptionnel PGC1A dans le foie
- Author
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Besse-Patin, Aurèle and Estall, Jennifer L.
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Steatosis ,Stéatohépatite ,Stéatose ,Ppargc1a ,Diabetes ,Diabète ,Biomarker ,Glucagon ,Insuline ,Biomarqueur ,Liver ,Pgc1a ,Insulin ,Foie ,Steatohepatitis - Abstract
L’incapacité du foie à répondre aux stress métaboliques comme la suralimentation en gras provoque le développement de la stéatose hépatique non alcoolique (SHNA). C ‘est une maladie du foie qui touche 25% de la population des pays industrialisés. Cette maladie peut progresser à un stade plus sévère : la stéatohépatite, caractérisée par de l’inflammation, du stress oxydatif et de la fibrose. La stéatose hépatique non alcoolique est fortement associée avec le développement de l’insulino-résistance, c’est-à-dire, l’incapacité du corps de répondre à l’insuline, et avec le diabète de type 2. La SHNA est difficile à diagnostiquer de manière précoce et nous manquons d’outils pour élucider les mécanismes moléculaires sous-jacents au développement de la maladie. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1A) est un co-activateur transcriptionnel, capable de se lier à des facteurs de transcriptions pour réguler leur fonction en réponse à des stress métaboliques. La perte d’expression de PGC1A dans le foie a été associée avec le développement d’insulino-résistance et de SHNA. De plus, un variant génétique de PGC1A est aussi associé avec le développement du diabète de type et de la SHNA. Cependant, le rôle causal de PGC1A dans le développement de ces maladies, et son rôle dans les mécanismes moléculaires hépatiques de réponse à l’insuline n’est pas clair. Nous avons fait l’hypothèse que le manque d’expression de PGC1A dans le foie aggrave la progression de la SHNA vers la stéatohépatite et affecte la réponse du foie à l’insuline. Dans cette thèse, nous montrons que PGC1A est nécessaire pour la réponse hépatique au stress oxydatif- notamment chez les souris femelles. En effet, PGC1A est capable de se lier au récepteur à l’œstrogène pour induire la réponse antioxydante de la cellule. L’absence de PGC1A provoque d’importantes lésions hépatiques l’apparition de stéatohépatite sévère. Nous montrons également que PGC1A contrôle la réponse hépatique à l’insuline lors du jeûne, en modifiant les protéines adaptatrices Insulin Receptor Substrate 1 et Insulin Receptor Substrate 2. Enfin, par des méthodes de protéomique, nous avons découvert des biomarqueurs potentiels de la SHNA. Cela permettrait le développement d’un diagnostic précoce de la maladie dans une population à risque. En conclusion, cette thèse apporte une nouvelle lumière sur l’activité de PGC1A dans le foie en réponse au stress métabolique et sur son importance pour la santé du foie., The inability of the liver to respond to metabolic stresses such as high fat diets causes the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). It is a liver disease that affects 25% of the population of industrialized countries. It can progress to a more severe stage: steatohepatitis, characterized by inflammation, oxidative stress and fibrosis. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is strongly associated with the development of insulin resistance, that is, the body's inability to respond to insulin, and with type 2 diabetes. NAFLD is difficult to diagnose early and we lack tools to understand molecular mechanisms underlying its progression. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1A) is a transcriptional coactivator, able to bind to transcription factors to regulate their function in response to metabolic stresses. Reduction of PGC1A expression in the liver has been associated with the development of insulin resistance and NAFLD. Moreover, genetic variants of PGC1A are also associated with the development of type diabetes and NASH. However, the causal role of PGC1A in the development of these diseases, and its role in molecular mechanisms of hepatic insulin response are unclear. We hypothesized that lack of PGC1A expression in the liver aggravates the progression of NAFLD to steatohepatitis and affects the liver's response to insulin. In this thesis, we show that PGC1A is necessary for the hepatic response to oxidative stress - especially in female mice. Indeed, PGC1A is able to bind to the estrogen receptor to induce the cellular antioxidant response. Lack of PGC1A causes liver damage and the appearance of severe steatohepatitis. We also show that PGC1A controls the hepatic response to insulin during fasting by modifying the adapter proteins Insulin Receptor Substrate 1 and Insulin Receptor Substrate 2. Finally, by proteomic methods, we have discovered potential biomarkers of NAFLD. This would allow the development of an early diagnosis method of the disease. In conclusion, this thesis sheds new light on the activity of PGC1A in the liver in response to metabolic stress and its importance for liver health.
- Published
- 2018
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