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Background: Online surveys have proven to be an efficient method to gather health information in studies of various populations, but these are accompanied by threats to data integrity and quality. We draw on our experience with a nefarious intrusion into an online survey and our efforts to protect data integrity and quality in a subsequent online survey. Objectives: We aim to share lessons learned regarding detecting and preventing threats to online survey data integrity and quality. Methods: We examined data from two online surveys we conducted, as well as findings of others reported in the literature, to delineate threats to and prevention strategies for online health surveys. Results: Our first survey was launched inadvertently without available security features engaged in Qualtrics, resulting in a number of threats to data integrity and quality. These threats included multiple submissions, often within seconds of each other, from the same internet protocol (IP) address; use of proxy servers or virtual private networks, often with suspicious or abusive IP address ratings and geolocations outside the United States; and incoherent text data or otherwise suspicious responses. After excluding fraudulent, suspicious, or ineligible cases, as well as cases that terminated before submitting data, 102 of 224 (45.5%) eligible survey respondents remained with partial or complete data. In a second online survey with security features in Qualtrics engaged, no IP addresses were associated with any duplicate submissions. To further protect data integrity and quality, we added items to detect inattentive or fraudulent respondents and applied a risk scoring systemin which 23 survey respondents were high risk, 16 were moderate risk, and 289 of 464 (62.3%) were low or no risk and therefore considered eligible respondents. Discussion: Technological safeguards, such as blocking repeat IP addresses and study design features to detect inattentive or fraudulent respondents, are strategies to support data integrity and quality in online survey research. For online data collection to make meaningful contributions to nursing research, it is important for nursing scientists to implement technological, study design, and methodological safeguards to protect data integrity and quality and for future research to focus on advancing data protection methodologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the Interprofessional education in rural clinical learning environments. Topics discussed include Interprofessional education (IPE) facilitates person-centred care in which health care professionals recognize another's contributions to patient care and collaborative practice to promote better outcomes; and this study explored rural clinical learning environment (CLE) to identify the conditions under which IPE was implemented for health care students.

Introduction: Excessive and inadequate gestational weight gain (GWG) are associated with a number of negative health outcomes for mother and infant. Approximately two-thirds or more of Latinas gain outside of GWG guidelines. Acculturation plays a role in GWG-related factors, however the views of Latinas are often aggregated in overall study samples, thus trivializing the specific needs of this demographic group. The purpose of the present meta-ethnography was to better understand GWG beliefs, attitudes, and practice among Latinas by synthesizing extant qualitative findings on this topic. Methods: Qualitative studies offer an important window into Latinas' views and practices related to GWG. A qualitative meta-ethnography (a form of meta-synthesis) was implemented to synthesize qualitative studies about Latinas' views of GWG-related factors. An initial sample of articles was distilled based on meta-ethnography guidelines from Noblit and Hare (1988) to a final sample of six qualitative articles that included perspectives from Latinas. Results: Six concepts emerged across the studies, they included: shifts in feeling control, inconsistent/lacking information, self vs. other, applied wisdom, isolation vs. support, and everyday practicality. Studies met most quality assessment criteria (Atkins et al., BMC Medical Research Methodology 8:21, 2008). Discussion: The views of Latinas about GWG-related factors are often buried in with perspectives of other women, which hides important details that are valuable for health program interventions designed to support these women. Future research should further explore the cultural differences in experience among Latinas to produce information and resources that are culturally relevant and relatable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives: To describe the risk and frequency of challenges in acute care nursing, and the practice priorities in Australian hospital wards based upon expert consensus. Background: Health care is facing increasing demands that are negatively impacting upon the safety and quality of nursing care. Design: Delphi Method. Method: A three‐round electronic Delphi method was used to collect and synthesise expert consensus opinion of 30 participants in Rounds One and Two of the survey, and 12 participants in Round Three. The study was carried out from July to December 2016. This study complied with the STROBE checklist. Results: High patient acuity or complexity, as well as inadequate bed space on wards, are "very high" risks that occur "often" and "very often," respectively. The pressure to admit patients, delayed medical review and patient boarding are all "high" risks that occur "often." Though only occurring "sometimes," inadequate numbers and skill mix of staff, suboptimal communication and early or inappropriate discharge all pose a "very high" risk to patient care. Conclusion: The key practice priorities for nurse managers should include the design, implementation and evaluation of sustainable system‐wide frameworks, processes and models of care that address patient boarding, communication and discharge processes, job satisfaction, staffing numbers and expertise. Relevance to clinical practice: This study provides a description of the challenges that face acute care nursing in the provision of safe and high‐quality care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Studies examining postpartum retained weight referenced to prepregnant body weight may mask weight gained after 6 weeks postpartum, a potential unrecognized factor contributing to weight increases after pregnancy. Materials and Methods: Using data from a longitudinal study, we examined three weight patterns from 6 weeks to 6 months postpartum (>2.3 kg gain; >2.3 kg loss; and ±2.3 kg as stable weight) in 302 low-income women. Predictor variables included perinatal variables, health habits, and depression risk at 3 and 6 months postpartum. Results: Mean weight changes were weight-gain group: 5.77 kg, standard deviation (SD) = 2.57; weight loss group: −4.79 kg, SD = 2.10; and stable group: 0.05 kg, SD = 1.24. The odds of gaining weight compared with stable weight increased with prepregnant overweight/obesity (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.22, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.74–6.00), and decreased with a first birth (aOR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.24–0.93). The odds of losing weight increased with excessive gestational weight gain (aOR = 2.40, 95% CI = 1.10–5.21) and depression risk at 6 months (aOR = 2.57, 95% CI = 1.40–4.72), and decreased with prepregnant overweight/obesity (aOR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.25–0.94). Health habits were not associated with weight gain or loss. Conclusions: Women with high body mass index (BMIs) may need added postpartum care to avoid gaining weight. Weight loss, although welcomed, may be secondary to depression risk. In both cases, low-cost, effective, and targeted care during the extended postpartum period could benefit women's health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The Institute of Medicine (IOM) provides recommendations for optimal weight gain during pregnancy to minimize complications associated with obesity and excessive weight gain. The Health Belief Model and prior research suggest knowledge of health recommendations and associated risks motivate health behaviors. This study determined whether knowledge of maternal and infant obesity risks during pregnancy (ORDP) and knowledge of IOM gestational weight gain (GWG) recommendations were associated with total GWG and likelihood of adhering to IOM recommendations. Materials and Methods: In this prospective survey study, healthywomen with a singleton pregnancywere recruited from prenatal clinic waiting rooms of a university medical center to complete a one-time survey of prepregnancy weight and height, demographic variables, knowledge of infant-related ORDP (e.g., large for gestational age), knowledge of maternal-related ORDP (e.g., Cesarean delivery), and knowledge of IOM GWG recommendations. Total GWG was obtained from clinic medical records. Logistic and multiple regression analyses were performed. Results: The sample consisted of 159 women with average age of 25 and prepregnancy body mass index of 28. Women in the sample were predominantly African American (57%) and from low socioeconomic conditions. Results showed (1) knowledge of GWG recommendations was inversely related to total GWG among normal and underweight women and (2) knowledge of infant-related ORDP was positively related to total GWG among overweight and obese women and the likelihood of exceeding recommendations among normal and underweight women. Knowledge of maternal-related ORDP was not related to GWG. Conclusion: As the Health Belief Model suggests, knowledge appears to be a modifiable factor in preventing excess GWG. However, there may be misinformation regarding how to adhere to clinical recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Guided by the Uses and Gratifications approach, to examine mothers' use and preference of e-Health media, and associated contextual factors. Design and Sample Cross-sectional survey of 165 mothers (White, African-American, and Hispanic) from a stratified random sample. Measures Use of online media about mother -baby care; favorite websites about motherhood and best-liked features of Web sites; channel preferences (Web site, postal mail, text) for receiving three types of health information; and contextual factors, e.g., education. Results Media use ranged from 96% for health information searches about babies to 46% for YouTube viewing about mother -baby topics. Contextual factors, such as education, were associated with media use. Babycenter was the most frequently reported favorite Web site and rich, relevant information was the best-liked feature. Across three health topics (weight, stress/depression, parenting) mothers preferred receiving information by Web site, followed by postal mail and least by text messaging (χ2 statistics, p < .001). Stress and race/ethnicity were among factors associated with preferences. Conclusions Mothers widely used e-Health related media, but use was associated with contextual factors. In public health efforts to reach new mothers, partnering with mother-favored Web sites, focusing on audience-relevant media, and adopting attributes of successful sites are recommended strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To support optimal health outcomes during pregnancy, understanding obstetricians' (OBs) recommendations for and barriers to managing gestational weight gain (GWG) can benefit childbirth educators. This mailed survey examined OBs' practices (n 5 63) for managing GWG along with perceived barriers. The most frequent recommendations were (a) increase activity (76.2%), (b) aerobic activity (63.5%), (c) patient education about weight management (61.9%), (d) increase fiber intake (61.3%), and (e) use of guidelines for weight gain (58.7%). Self-tracking weight gain charts were the least used. Greatest barriers to GWG management were (a) patients not interested in changing behavior (77.8%), (b) high relapse rates (66.7%), (c) lack of community resources (60.3%), (d) patients cannot afford referrals (58.7%), and (e) lack of time (53.9%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose Women's poor postpartum psychosocial and behavioral health may negatively affect them and their infants. Validated postpartum screening scales can help to identify problems early, but currently there is limited knowledge in this area. Thus, we conducted a systematic examination of self-administered psychosocial and behavioral scales validated for postpartum women in the United States in the domains of depression, body image, diet, physical activity, smoking, and alcohol use. We examined the characteristics of included scales, their validation samples, and reported psychometric properties. Method Nine databases were searched during October 2014 through February 2015. After meeting inclusion/exclusion criteria, article information was extracted independently by two authors, compared, and differences were resolved through discussions. Results The final sample included 23 published articles covering 19 scales. Seventeen were in the domain of depression, and one each in physical activity and dietary domains. None was found in the domains of body image, smoking, or alcohol use. The number of scale items varied from 2 to 35. The majority of scales were originally designed for postpartum women, and validated in one or two postpartum studies with samples of predominantly adult women. If reported, scale reliability coefficients were generally 0.80 or greater and validity coefficients of 0.70 or greater. Five depression scales had favorable sensitivity and specificity using standard cutpoints, but only one was tested across adolescent, low-income, and predominantly ethnic minority postpartum populations. Conclusion No U.S.-validated postpartum scales were found for body image, smoking, or alcohol use. Most scales had limited validity testing, and validation was in predominantly advantaged samples. Further scale development and testing are recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses a survey exploring ethnic differences in midlife women's attitudes toward physical activity and determining the relationships between the attitudes and their actual participation in physical activity. The results revealed significant ethnic differences in the attitude scores, but no ethnic differences in the physical activity scores and ethnic differences in the women's attitudes toward physical activity need to be considered in promoting physical activity of midlife women.