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This study determines that morbidity presents a mediating impact between intimate partner violence against women and labor productivity in terms of absenteeism and presenteeism. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used on a nationwide representative sample of 357 female owners of micro-firms in Peru. The resulting data reveals that morbidity is a mediating variable between intimate partner violence against women and absenteeism (β = 0.213; p <.001), as well as between intimate partner violence against women and presenteeism (β = 0.336; p <.001). This finding allows us to understand how such intimate partner violence against women negatively affects the workplace productivity in the context of a micro-enterprise, a key element in many economies across the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Globally, child labor and maltreatment are considered serious public health concerns. Many child laborers in the informal sector are subjected to psychological abuse and neglect that is often akin to slavery. Our study examined the prevalence of these two forms of maltreatment among child laborers in rural Bangladesh, as well as the associated risk factors. Based on the snowball sampling technique, this study surveyed 100 child laborers employed in agricultural and domestic work in rural areas of the Sunamganj district, Bangladesh. The structured questionnaire utilizes the ICAST-CH instrument. To analyze the data, both simple and multiple linear regression analyses were conducted using two statistical software packages, SPSS and STATA. The study concluded that more than half of the child laborers have experienced psychological maltreatment "sometimes" in the form of being screamed at and insulted over the past year. In the past year, over 40% of respondents indicated they were "sometimes" deprived of food and drink and were not well cared for when they became ill. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that parents of psychologically maltreated child laborers had low educational backgrounds. A higher risk of neglect was observed among child laborers who worked for extended hours for their employers and whose families possessed limited land. In spite of the high prevalence of psychological maltreatment and neglect of child laborers in Bangladesh, the issue appears to be ignored. More comprehensive and rigorous scientific studies are required to bring about policy change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to explore financial strategies that intimate partner violence (IPV) survivors undertake when engaging in safety planning and to examine the relationship between these strategies and various survivor characteristics. As part of the cross-sectional study, a total of 425 female survivors of IPV were surveyed. To examine the relationship between financial safety planning strategies and participants' demographic characteristics, abuse experiences, and financial knowledge, binomial logistic regression analyses were conducted. Factors associated with financial safety planning varied by strategy; ethnicity and nativity were often significantly associated. Implications for practice and areas for future research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Economic abuse (EA) is a form of intimate partner violence (IPV) whereby abusers employ various tactics to control their partners' ability to acquire, access, and maintain economic resources thus threatening their economic security and potential for self-sufficiency. It poses a global public health challenge as economic concern is a significant reason for the observed persistent high prevalence of IPV given that even when women want to leave abusive relationships, they are less likely to if they lack the means to cater for themselves and their children upon doing so. However, very few studies in Nigeria have focused on EA. The current study assessed the prevalence and correlates of EA among a Nigerian population of married women. Survey responses of 480 randomly selected married women were used for analysis. The prevalence of EA among respondents was found to be 64.2% while that for emotional abuse, sexual abuse, and physical abuse were 40.2%, 17.3%, and 16.7%, respectively. EA was also found to be significantly associated with other forms of IPV such as physical abuse, emotional abuse, and sexual abuse. The study findings add to the literature by highlighting the high prevalence of EA among Nigerian women. It also underscores the importance of empowering women to minimize victimization. Study limitations are discussed and directions for future research are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the relationship between sleep quality and its influencing factors in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: This descriptive correlational study included 130 patients with CAD admitted to the cardiology department of a general hospital in B City between September 2019 and February 2020. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and research instruments to measure sleep quality, anxiety, depression, chronotype, and daytime sleepiness. Results: The mean scores for sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, anxiety, and depression were 7.59±3.45, 6.45±3.46, 6.58±3.88, and 7.74±4.05, respectively. In terms of chronotypes, 10.8%, 48.5%, and 40.7% of the participants had evening-, intermediate-, and morning-type patterns, respectively. Sleep quality was significantly correlated with anxiety (r=0.38, p < .001), depression (r=.37, p < .001), and daytime sleepiness (r=.26, p =.002). Factors associated with sleep quality in patients with CAD included anxiety (β=.29), heart failure (β=.22), daytime sleepiness (β=.21), and sleeping alone (β=.19). Collectively, these factors had an explanatory power of 23.1% for sleep quality variance. Conclusion: Patients with CAD often experience poor sleep quality owing to various factors such as anxiety, daytime sleepiness, heart failure, and sleeping alone. It is recommended that healthcare providers objectively evaluate sleep and identify factors that influence sleep quality. This will enable the development of effective methods for sleep management as part of nursing care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objective: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a clinical and social problem globally, especially in the Middle East. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of IPV and its types against women in the Middle East region. Method: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched in January 2020. From 1995 to 2020, all studies performed in the Middle East, investigating at least one type of abuse against women and written in English, entered the study. All included studies were appraised using Joanna Briggs Institute Checklist, which was adapted for prevalence studies. The random effect model of meta-analysis was performed using the Mantel–Haenszel method by comprehensive meta-analysis software. Each type of abuse as event rate with 95% CI was calculated for each variable. Heterogeneity was investigated using the I 2 statistic test. Results: Fifty-five studies encompassing 138,692 participants were included in our meta-analysis. The rate of overall abuse was 26.3 (n = 55, 95% CI: [15.8, 40.5], p =.002). The highest rate of abuse in the included studies was reported for psychological abuse 48.6% (n = 46, 95% CI: [39.8, 57.5], p =.758). The rate of abuse for physical, economical, sexual, and injury were 28.4% (n = 53, 95% CI: [22.1, 35.7], p =.0001), 19% (n = 10, 95% CI: [9.8, 33.7], p =.0001), 18.5% (n = 45, 95% CI: [13.6, 24.6], p =.0001), and 18.4% (n = 5, 95% CI: [7.1, 40.2], p = 0.008), respectively. The overall abuse reported by World Health Organization Multi-Country Domestic Violence (DV)Questionnaire was 25.7% (n = 17, 95% CI: [18.4, 34.7], p =.0001). This value was 41.8% (n = 11, 95% CI: [29.7, 55], p =.223) for the Conflict Tactics Scale Questionnaire. Conclusion: Although this review highlights the lack of or insufficient IPV data in some contexts and inconsistencies in defining and measuring IPV among studies, the evidence shows that a moderate to high pattern of abuse has been observed in the study population. Due to this region's unique cultural-religious characteristics, it is urgent to reduce this phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Economic hardship is a driver of entry into sex work, which is associated with high HIV risk. Yet, little is known about economic abuse in women employed by sex work (WESW) and its relationship to uptake of HIV prevention and financial support services. This study used cross-sectional baseline data from a multisite, longitudinal clinical trial that tests the efficacy of adding economic empowerment to traditional HIV risk reduction education on HIV incidence in 542 WESW. Mixed effects logistic and linear regressions were used to examine associations in reported economic abuse by demographic characteristics, sexual behaviors, HIV care-seeking, and financial care-seeking. Mean age was 31.4 years. Most WESW were unmarried (74%) and had less than primary school education (64%). 48% had savings, and 72% had debt. 93% reported at least one economic abuse incident. Common incidents included being forced to ask for money (80%), having financial information kept from them (61%), and being forced to disclose how money was spent (56%). WESW also reported partners/relatives spending money needed for bills (45%), not paying bills (38%), threatening them to quit their job(s) (38%), and using physical violence when earning income (24%). Married/partnered WESW (OR = 2.68, 95% CI:1.60–4.48), those with debt (OR = 1.70, 95% CI:1.04–2.77), and those with sex-work bosses (OR = 1.90, 95% CI:1.07–3.38) had higher economic abuse. Condomless sex (β = +4.43, p <.05) was higher among WESW experiencing economic abuse, who also had lower odds of initiating PrEP (OR =.39, 95% CI:.17–.89). WESW experiencing economic abuse were also more likely to ask for cash among relatives (OR = 2.36, 95% CI:1.13–4.94) or banks (OR = 2.12, 95% CI:1.11–4.03). The high prevalence of HIV and economic abuse in WESW underscores the importance of integrating financial empowerment in HIV risk reduction interventions for WESW, including education about economic abuse and strategies to address it. Programs focusing on violence against women should also consider economic barriers to accessing HIV prevention services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Lebanon, an Eastern Mediterranean country, suffers a large burden of injury as a consequence of conflict and war, political instability, and the lack of policies and safety regulations. This article aims to systematically map and comprehensively describe the injury research literature in Lebanon and, to identify gaps for future research. Methods MEDLINE, Embase, Eric and SafetyLit, and the grey literature, including conference proceedings, theses and dissertations, government and media reports, were searched without any date or language limits. Data were extracted from 467 documents using REDCap. Results War-related injuries were the most prevalent type of injury in Lebanon, followed by homicide and other forms of violence. While existing literature targeted vulnerable and at-risk populations, the vast majority focused solely on reporting the prevalence of injuries and associated risk factors. There are considerable gaps in the literature dealing with the integration of preventive programs and interventions across all populations. Conclusions Lebanon, historically and currently, experiences a high number of injuries from many different external causes. To date, efforts have focused on reporting the prevalence of injuries and making recommendations, rather than implementing and evaluating interventions and programs to inform policies. Future injury related work should prioritize interventions and prevention programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MSx) is associated with several health problems. Workers are an important part of any organization. Objective: To determine the prevalence of MSx and related variables among office workers. Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated 1488 office workers in Qom province, Central Iran, by using a multi-stage cluster sampling. Diagnosis of MSx was based on blood HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, and fasting blood sugar (FBS) levels and waist circumference, and blood pressure. Results: The overall prevalence of MSx was 35.9% (95% Cl 33.5% to 38.3%), higher in men (37.2%) than in women (20.6%), and increased with age. The most common laboratory findings of MSx were hypertriglyceridemia (45.9%) and low HDL-cholesterol level (45.5%). Office workers with MSx had a significantly (p<0.001) higher body mass index than those without MSx. Lack of regular leisure time physical activity (p=0.003), and low intake of fruits (p=0.02) were associated with MSx. Conclusion: The prevalence of MSx was very high among office workers. Workplace health improvement programs through identifying and preventing MSx are necessary for improvement of staff's health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]