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As climate change continues to displace greater numbers of people, transnational ties are important sources of social protection for climate migrants. Migrants assemble unique configurations of formal and informal social protections depending on the resources available within their sending and receiving communities. However, the specific constellations of social protections that climate migrants use following disaster and displacement remain underexamined. Authors conducted semistructured interviews with Puerto Ricans who migrated in the aftermath of Hurricane Maria (N = 41) and used qualitative content analysis to trace the assemblages of formal and informal social protections used to navigate the resettlement process. Results suggest that informal support from migrants' transnational ties was instrumental in successfully making use of formal sources of support, including federal emergency relief programs, to leave the island and resettle on the U.S. mainland. This reliance on informal social protections often strained participants' informal networks and raised questions of equity for people internally displaced by climate change. These findings highlight the need for a more equitable and effective linkage of climate migrants with public resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Minority stress theory suggests that sexual minorities would be, on average, less likely than heterosexual individuals to seek out substance use treatment (due to concerns of stigma and rejection). However, prior research on the subject is mixed, and largely dated. In light of historic increases in societal acceptance and legal protections for sexual minorities, the field needs an up-to-date assessment of treatment utilization among this population. This study used data from the 2015–2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health to examine the association between key independent variables (sexual identity, gender) and substance use treatment utilization using binary logistic regression. We conducted analyses using a sample of adults with a past-year substance use disorder (N = 21,926). Controlling for demographic factors, with heterosexual individuals as the comparison group, gay/lesbian individuals (AOR = 2.12, CI = 1.19–3.77) were significantly more likely and bisexual individuals (AOR = 0.49, CI = 0.24–1.00) significantly less likely to report treatment utilization. Bisexual individuals were also less likely than gay/lesbian individuals to report treatment utilization (AOR = 0.10, CI = 0.05–0.23). Interaction tests examining sexual orientation and gender showed no difference in treatment utilization between gay men and lesbian women, and revealed that bisexual identity was associated with decreased likelihood of treatment utilization for men (p =.004) but not for women. Sexual orientation, particularly in the context of social identity, plays a significant role in substance use treatment utilization. Bisexual men face unique barriers to treatment, which is concerning given the high rates of substance use among this and other sexual minority populations. • Sexual minorities have consistently been found to have an elevated risk of SUD. • Gay/lesbians persons utilize SUD treatment at higher rates than heterosexual persons. • Bisexual persons utilize SUD treatment at lower rates than heterosexual persons. • Bisexual men utilize SUD treatment less than bisexual women and gay men. • Bisexual men may face unique barriers to SUD treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]