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Background: Most of the individuals concerned by colorectal cancer screening recognize the importance of screening participation. However, the screening rates for this cancer remain low in most countries, including France. Based on the action control framework, the present study aimed to (i) explore the distribution of intentions-behavior profiles toward colorectal cancer screening and (ii) to determine to what extent the profiles could be differentiated on theory of planned behavior (TPB) (i.e., attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control [PBC]) and self-regulation variables (i.e., action planning, coping planning). Method: A total of 149 participants from the general French population (M = 60 years, SD = 7.04) completed a questionnaire measuring TPB and self-regulation variables. Subsequent screening behavior was determined from medical records. Participants were notably categorized as non-intenders, unsuccessful intenders, or successful intenders. Data were analyzed using discriminant function analysis and analyses of covariance. Results: Main findings revealed that 71% of the intenders were unsuccessful intenders. TPB and self-regulation variables were significantly correlated with the discriminant function (rs ≥.40). Successful and unsuccessful intenders reported significantly higher levels of subjective norms, PBC, and coping planning than non-intenders (ps <.01). Successful intenders reported a significantly higher level of coping planning than unsuccessful intenders (p <.01). Conclusions: Further research appears necessary to empirically test to what extent interventions targeting subjective norms, PBC, and coping planning could enhance the proportion of successful intenders toward colorectal cancer screening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most previous research based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) to explain children's physical activity (PA) remains cross-sectional and the moderating role of demographic variables on the link between TPB variables is rarely explored. This study aims to (1) test a longitudinal cross-lagged panel model based on the TPB to explain PA in children, and (2) examine in what extent this model operates equivalently across age and gender. Children (N = 363, M = 8.6 years) completed measures of TPB constructs and PA at two measurement times (T1 and T2) within three months. Self-reported PA. Path analyses revealed that the model tested accounted for 25% of the variance in PA at T2. Subgroups analyses revealed that age significantly moderated the links between subjective norms at T1 and T2, between PA at T1 and T2, and between PA at T1 and subjective norms at T2. Gender significantly moderated the links between intentions at T1 and T2, and between PA at T1 and perceived behavioural control at T2. The temporal stability of the variables of the TPB and the link between initial PA and subsequent TPB variables may vary by children's gender and age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Binge drinking is a widespread practice among adolescents worldwide and is associated with various harmful consequences. Theory-based interventions are a promising approach to prevent this drinking behaviour in this population. The aim of the present review was to determine: (1) the characteristics of theory-based interventions targeting binge drinking in adolescents, (2) the impact of such interventions on binge drinking, and (3) the quality of theoretical implementation. For this systematic review, randomised controlled trials were eligible for inclusion if the binge drinking-targeting intervention was based at least on one theoretical framework, and if the population's mean age was between 10 and 18 years. Two authors extracted relevant data. A meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effect of interventions on binge drinking. Effect sizes were calculated with the Hedges's g. Binge drinking was measured as a continuous or dichotomous outcome. The quality of theoretical implementation of interventions was measured using an existing "theory coding scheme". Sixteen studies were identified. Ten were based on a single theory, and six on a combination of theories. The number and type of behaviour change techniques used in each intervention varied greatly. Theory-based interventions led to a small but significant decrease in binge drinking (Hedges's g = 0.10; 95% confidence interval = 0.04, 0.16). The quality of theoretical implementation was globally low, and the reciprocal link between behaviour change techniques and theoretical constructs was unclear for most studies. Theory-based interventions have a small but significant beneficial impact on decreasing binge drinking in adolescents. Future research should try to be more effective in matching theoretical determinants of behaviour with the content of the intervention. • Systematically reviewed theory-based interventions on binge drinking in adolescents. • Sixteen studies met the inclusion criteria. • Number and type of behaviour change techniques used by interventions varied greatly. • Impact of theory-based programs to decrease binge drinking was significant but small. • Flaws were found regarding methodological quality and theoretical implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on Self-Determination Theory, this study explored the motivational profiles toward Physical Activity (PA) among adults with type 2 diabetes and the relationships between motivational profile, perceived competence and PA. Participants were 350 men and women (Mean age 62.77 years) who were interviewed on their motivations toward PA, perceived level of competence to practice, and PA practice. Cluster analyses reveal the existence of three distinct profiles: "High Combined" (ie, high scores on motivations ranging from intrinsic to external regulation, moderate level on amotivation), "Self-Determined" (ie, high scores on intrinsic, integrated, and identified regulations; low scores on other regulations), and "Moderate" (ie, moderate scores on all regulations). Participants with "High Combined" and "Self-Determined" profiles reported higher perceived competence and longer leisure-time PA practice in comparison to those with a "Moderate" profile. This study highlights the necessity of adopting a person-centered approach to better understand motivation toward PA among type 2 diabetics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using self-determination theory (SDT) as an explanatory framework, this randomised-controlled study evaluates the effect of a motivational interviewing (MI)-based intervention as an addition to a standard weight loss programme (SWLP) on physical activity (PA) practice in obese adolescents over a six-month period. Fifty-four obese adolescents (mean age = 13 years, mean BMI = 29.57 kg/m²) were randomly assigned to an SWLP group (n = 28) or SWLP + MI group (n = 26). Both groups received two SWLP sessions, supplemented for the SWLP + MI group, by six MI sessions. Perceived autonomy support, perceived competence, motivational regulations, PA and BMI were assessed at baseline, three and six months (i.e. the end of the programme). MLM analyses revealed that compared to SWLP, the SWLP + MI group had a greater BMI decrease and a greater PA practice increase over time. Moreover, the SWLP + MI group reported greater autonomy support from medical staff at the end of the programme, greater increase in integrated and identified regulations and a stronger decrease in amotivation. MI appears as an efficient counselling method as an addition to an SWLP to promote PA in the context of pediatric obesity. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]