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Background: Mental health disorders are prevalent and costly to workplaces and individuals in Australia. Work-life interference is thought to contribute negatively. The interplay between work-life interference, depressive symptoms and sleep has not been explored to date in population data. The aims of this study were to establish whether sleep duration moderates the relationship between work-life interference and depressive symptoms, and whether this is expressed differentially in male and female respondents. Methods: Data were drawn from the North West Adelaide Health Study (NWAHS) longitudinal, representative population-based cohort study. Working members of the cohort were invited to participate in a telephone survey about their work conditions, with an 86.7% response rate achieved. Data from 823 respondents were analysed after employing purposeful selection of covariates, using multivariable regression analysis. Results: Sleep duration was found to moderate the relationship between work-life interference and depressive symptoms (F7,815 = 26.60, p < 0.001), and accounted for 19% of the variance observed in depressive symptoms. The strongest effect of work-life interference on depressive symptoms was observed in habitual short sleepers, with the effect weakening as sleep duration increased. The relationship was observed in male and female respondents, but was stronger in females. Conclusions: Supporting and educating workers about the benefits of sleep for managing the relationship between work-life interference and depressive symptoms may offer a novel strategy for improving worker well-being, particularly when negative facets of work-life interference are not easily remedied or 'reduced'. There is a need for education and support strategies around sleep in Australian workplaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Studies using strict definitions to investigate the association between metabolic phenotypes (MP) and diabetes are scarce. • Participants with obesity/healthy MP were not at increased diabetes risk compared to the ones with normal weight/healthy MP. • Reduced grip strength was associated with a higher risk of diabetes incidence in the long-term. • High grip strength attenuated the risk associated with metabolically unhealthy phenotypes. The association of diabetes risk in the long-term, metabolic phenotypes (MP) and muscle strength is unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between strictly defined MP, grip strength (GS) and diabetes. MP were defined according to BMI and presence of any individual metabolic abnormality for ≥18 years, in participants of the North West Adelaide Health Study (Australia) free of diabetes at baseline. The association of MP and dominant hand GS with incident diabetes over 15-years follow-up and the moderation effect of GS on the association between diabetes and MP were investigated by logistic regression models. Of 3039 participants followed over 13.3 years (SD 2.6), 236 (7.8%) developed diabetes. Compared to the metabolically healthy (MH) normal weight phenotype, the metabolically unhealthy (MU) overweight (OR 6.15, 95%CI 2.43–15.59) and obese (OR 12.32, 95%CI 4.97–30.52) phenotypes were associated with a high risk of diabetes, but not the MU normal weight (OR 1.73, 95%CI 0.57–5.25), MH overweight (OR 1.15, 95%CI 0.31–4.31) or MH obese phenotypes (OR 0.77, 0.07–8.89). GS was inversely associated with diabetes (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.95–0.99) and attenuated the risk associated with MU overweight (beta = −0.296, p = 0.039) and MU normal weight (beta = −0.773; p for interaction = 0.009). Strictly defined MP (rather than based on metabolic syndrome criteria) and GS, a proxy of muscle strength, might be useful for stratifying the risk of diabetes in the long-term. Improving muscle strength might be an important strategy to reduce diabetes risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Patient selection for acute ischemic stroke has been largely driven by time-based criteria, although emerging data suggest that image-based criteria may be useful. The purpose of this study was to directly compare outcomes of patients treated within a traditional time window with those treated beyond this benchmark when CT perfusion (CTP) imaging was used as the primary selection tool. Methods: A prospectively collected database of all patients with acute ischemic stroke who received intraarterial therapy at the Medical University of South Carolina was retrospectively analyzed, regardless of time from symptom onset. At presentation, CTP maps were qualitatively assessed. Selected patients underwent intraarterial therapy. Functional outcome according to the modified Rankin scale (mRS) score at about 90 days was documented. Results: 140 patients were included in the study. The median time from symptom onset to groin access was 7.0 h. Overall, 28 patients (20%) had bleeding complications, but only 10 (7.1%) were symptomatic. The average National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score for patients treated ≤7 h from symptom onset was 17.3 and 30.2% had a mRS score of 0–2 at 90 days. Patients treated >7 h from symptom onset had an average NIHSS score of 15.1 and 45.5% achieved a mRS score of 0–2 at 90 days ( p=0.104). Patients in the two groups had similar rates of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (8.5% and 5.8%, respectively; p=0.745). Conclusions: No difference was found in the rates of good functional outcome between patients treated ≤7 h and those treated >7 h from symptom onset. These data suggest that imaging-based patient selection is a safe and viable methodology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Soy isoflavone is beneficial for menopausal/postmenopausal symptoms, including sleep complaints. However, little is known about its longitudinal association with sleep in the general population. Objective Our aim was to investigate the association between soy isoflavone intake and sleep duration and daytime falling asleep among Chinese adults. Design A longitudinal analysis was performed. Soy isoflavone intake was assessed by food frequency questionnaire. Sleep duration was self-reported at two time points. Occurrence of daytime falling asleep was determined at follow-up. Short and long sleep were defined as sleep <7 h/day or ≥9 h/day, respectively. Participants/setting Adults aged 20 years and older from the Jiangsu Nutrition Study (2002-2007) with complete isoflavone intake and sleep duration data at both time points (n=1,474) were analyzed (follow-up, n=1,492). Main outcome measures We measured sleep duration in 2002 and 2007 and daytime falling asleep occurrence in 2007. Statistical analyses performed Mixed-effects logistic regression was performed for repeated measures between isoflavone intake and sleep duration. Logistic regression was performed for daytime falling asleep at follow-up. Demographic, anthropometric, and social factors were adjusted in the analyses. Results The prevalence of long sleep duration was 18.9% in 2002 and 12.6% in 2007, and the prevalence of daytime falling asleep was 5.3%. Compared with the lowest quartile of isoflavone intake, the highest quartile was associated with a lower risk of long sleep duration (odds ratio=0.66; 95% CI 0.48 to 0.90; P for trend=0.018) over 5 years. Compared with persistent low intake of isoflavone (less than median intake of isoflavone at two time points), persistent high intake was associated with a reduced risk of daytime falling asleep in women (odds ratio=0.20; 95% CI 0.06 to 0.68), but not men. No consistent association between soy isoflavone intake and short sleep duration was found. Conclusions Soy isoflavone intake was associated with a low risk of long sleep duration in both sexes and a low risk of daytime falling asleep in women but not men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]