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Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article analyze how a group of people realized, in the mid-1960s, problems related to the way in which Brazilian territory was occupied and how, in a dictatorship, they created the ABRA to propose an agrarian reform as a solution. The evidence results from qualitative research that combined a literature review with interviews and questionnaires. The analysis shows that for almost fifty years this group tried to take advantage of windows of opportunities to propose legal mechanisms for regulating the right to land property (such as social function or obligation) and land redistribution (such as taxation or expropriations) to include the rural workers in national development. However, the expectations around these mechanisms triggered reactions that reduced the group's relative participation in decision-making. In developmentalism echoes, this analysis raises concerns about who, when and how can speak about the problems and solutions to conflicts over land and territory in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Informe Gepec is the property of Informe Gepec and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Debating the development of family farming demands the interpretation of multiple contexts. It was proposed to analyze the pentagon of capitals (human, social, physical, financial and natural) of family farmers inserted in the settlements of Bom Jardim and Facão, located in the municipality of Cáceres, Mato Grosso, based on the conception of rural development of settled family farming. For this, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 114 farmers from the settlements, in which the data were analyzed from the pentagon of capitals (human, social, physical, financial and natural). Multidimensional adversities were identified in the five capitals, antagonistic to the development of family farming. Overcoming the stagnation of settlements requires the organization of a set of specific policies, and/or facilitating access to existing programs, reinforcing the accumulation of capital from family farming to then achieve rural development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Starting in 2005, the National Colonization Institute (INC) generated a change in the focus of public policy; focusing its actions on the promotion of associative efforts in its most diverse forms, to promote social and economic integration of family farmers. By surveying of the trajectory of two groups of settlers, family cattle in Uruguayan coast, we sought to understand the internal processes of collective self-management of INC lands; particularly, in aspects to the management of the natural grassland as a resource of common use. The methodology was based on semi-structured interviews carried out with extension technicians and the farmers of the analysed groups. The analysis of the information shows that, in this type of venture, trust between the members is a key factor to achieve the objectives set by the group. Of the operation, the establishment and evolution from learning, of the operative and collective rules, which have a relevant incidence in the management of the common good, stand out. The social interaction and the involvement of the members in the actions of the collective is what sustains the continuity of the venture in common. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyze ethnoagronomy as a discipline that re-values, rescues, and builds upon agroecological principles, knowledge, experiences, and productive practices of peasants and indigenous people, laying the foundations for rural development alternatives. Methodology: Hermeneutic in nature. Discussions on these topics with leading experts in the field aim to foster a discussion that enables a fresh perspective on the primary sector. Results: Discussions of the Green Revolution process promoted by the Mexican state introduced technological options distinct from the majority of productive strategies implemented by the producers. Alongside the neoliberal model, which has accentuated economic and social polarization over the years, agriculture has continued to experience a clear process of neglect and a departure from policies aimed at the primary sector. Worth noting, however, is the fact that a small group has been subsidized within this model. Conclusions: Given pressing national issues, including social and food crises, there is potential for generating dialogue and agreements, driven by both progressive governments and public educational institutions, to pave the way for a new productive scenario with social participation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Informe Gepec is the property of Informe Gepec and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article explores the concept of collaborative competency in the context of rural development in Indonesia. It emphasizes the need for effective collaboration among government, community, and private sector stakeholders to support village development and enhance rural welfare. The article discusses the importance of considering internal and external factors in rural development and highlights the role of leadership and succession planning in promoting creative behavior. It also identifies effective communication, building positive relationships, working as a team, and conflict resolution as crucial elements of collaborative competency. The study concludes that collaborative competency is necessary for rural area development and provides references for further research on related topics. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Agricultural cooperatives have long experience in offering technical assistance services to their members. This action, and the consequences arising from it, although potentially diverse and relevant, has not been sufficiently discussed by cooperatives, research institutes and companies that provide the service. This is a theoretical investigation, which aims to investigate the issue, based on the experiences of cooperatives in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Given the competitive context in which they find themselves, agricultural cooperatives need to provide economic responses at the same time that they are organizations that have the capacity to intervene in the social reality of the population; that is, agricultural cooperatives are a local act that fulfill functions in the promotion of better living conditions for their associates and are potential protagonists of rural development. The conclusion points out that considering the services of the technical assistance and rural extension departments as an ATER Cooperative would enable greater integration between the administrative, commercial and financial sectors of the cooperative and the collective development of the cooperative members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2006, the National Congress passed the Goat Law Nº 26.141, as part of a series of public policies that focused on the rural sector and, specifically, on family farming. The aim of this article is to analyze, from an anthropological perspective, the implementation of the Goat Law Nº 26.141, as a public policy, paying special attention to the diversity of actors and social relations involved in the process of its implementation in the Northeast of San Luis. Fragments of the ethnographic fieldwork carried out between 2019 and 2021 with the Unión de Productores/as Caprinos/as (Union of Goat Producers), an organization in northeastern San Luis, will be used for this study. First, the socio-productive strategies of the rural producers who are part of the organization will be studied. In the second section, the socio-historical context in which the Goat Law was enacted will be reviewed, taking into account the ways in which the agribusiness model was established in the country, and the characteristics adopted by rural development programs since the 1990s. Finally, the dynamics and modes of operation of the Goat Law will be studied in a situated manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente is the property of Universidade Federal do Parana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista En-Contexto is the property of Tecnologico de Antioquia, Institucion Universitari and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista En-Contexto is the property of Tecnologico de Antioquia, Institucion Universitari and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turismo: Visão e Ação is the property of Turismo-Visao E Acao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bitácora Urbano/Territorial is the property of Bitacora Urbano/Territorial and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The study aims to analyze the actions of the Rio Grande do Sul agricultural cooperative Cotrijal aimed at young people, cooperative members or children of cooperative members, with a view to encouraging generational succession. It was supported by documentary data for the year 2021, collected on the Cotrijal website. Currently, the cooperative is developing two specific projects to stimulate generational succession, Child Leaders and Family Participation, through which it tries to promote the socialization of the new generations of farmers in the field and in the cooperative, stimulating their accountability by older generations. And recently, Cotrijal has undergone a change in its visual identity, incorporating the idea of generational succession in its logo. Therefore, the analysis of the recent scenario of actions of the Cotrijal demonstrates the prioritization of the concern with the generational succession, since it is this cyclical renewal of farmers that guarantees the survival of the agricultural cooperative itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Between 1593 and 1767, the Jesuits promoted agricultural and industrial development in central Chile; for this they acquired the estate Calera de Tango in 1685. This estate had some lime mines on the Lonquen hill, which interested the new owners because of the mining exploitation. In 1748 German Jesuits arrived and installed workshops of manual arts, transforming the place into an important artistic and industrial center. They also installed a vineyard and a winery with advanced technology in 1750. To irrigate they built canals to draw water from the Maipo River; this helped to diversify agricultural production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rural exodus was a relevant factor in the transformation of Brazilian agriculture from the 1950s/60s. Abramovay et al (1998) identified an aging process motivated by the absence of young people from rural areas. Later, Spanevello (2008) reports that the emptying of the rural environment occurs due to the lack of successors to proceed with the activities of the family establishment. In order to understand better what encourages young people to stay in rural areas, this research faced the following problem: what are the factors that influence young farmers' decision making to remain or not in rural areas? The objective was to analyze the factors that influence the succession process from the young farmer's perception. Exploratory research and semi-structured interviews were carried out in 32 rural family farms in the Region of the Missions-RS. It was concluded that young people remain in the family establishment mainly due to the influence of the family background, family encouragement, seeking to develop alternatives with family members to maintain a satisfactory quality of life for the family group. Those who do not remain are influenced by the family group's inability to deliberating autonomy and failing to demonstrate satisfactory financial security for all members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rural aspects have been emphasized due to new attributes and interrelationships with the development of different regions. Based on this finding, the article aims to present a new index of rural development. For this purpose, the selected analytical method was factor analysis with data from the 2006 Agricultural Census. Despite the time lag in the data, the results indicated consistent references to explain rural development, as explained below. The contribution and differentials stem from the set of variables that make up the proposed index, which represents the particularities of the economic development dimensions (economic, environmental, social, and demographic) related to rurality. Secondly, they derive from producing the rurality economic development index, based on all Brazilian municipalities and composed of a set of 9 factors, capable of measuring and categorizing the level of economic development of rural areas in municipalities and large Brazilian regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes the different configurations of production for self-consumption in the family farming trajectory in Salvador das Missões-RS. The article takes a longitudinal study of 58 families, whose data, through structured questionnaires, were collected in January 2003 (concerning to the year 2002) and January 2018 (concerning to the 2017). The results show that productive (increase in the production of commodities and other commercial crops), demographic (aging and decreasing family size) and socioeconomic (social security and urban migration) changes influence the production for self-consumption. Although present in different family trajectories, over the years, production for self-consumption has lost absolute and relative importance, even if accounting for significant per capita values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The material and immaterial heritage preservation, associated with the careful use of natural resources, requires commitment and participation of all the community sectors. Specifically, one of the great challenges of environmental management is to work together with nature in a responsible way, in order to contribute to the development of rural territories, and, at the same time, meet the wishes of local residents and visitors. This article aims to analyze how the rescue of memories associated with the environment and tourism can launch clues and assist in the conduct of the work of managers linked to the development and conservation of rural territories, in a municipality in the south of Minas Gerais, Brazil. To know the socio-environmental, cultural, and historical attributes inherent to the analyzed case, a bibliographic research was carried out in the years 2019-2021, as well as access to personal files and semi-structured interviews with local residents and subjects directly related to the investigated theme, with a pre-established script of questions based on the thematic blocks: environment, sustainable tourism, and oral histories about the rural area of the municipality. Results showed that environmental management must consider possible conflicts with particular interests, overcoming them based on solid governance agendas linked to public interests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Boletin de Antropologia is the property of Universidad de Antioquia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research analyses the results on damage recomposing in Permanent Preservation Areas located in cities that integrate the Meia Ponte River basin, in Goiás, by verifying the Alternative Dispute Resolution Agreements (ADRs) in which public prosecutors take part in order to evaluate if their work produces sensible results when the ecological role of these areas is considered. The research maps the judiciary districts and links them to environmental crimes committed between 2017 and 2019. By following the established criteria, it analyzes seven ADRs that were found during the research. The goal, during this step, is to examine if the agreements comply with the minimum technical quality required by Brazilian Law. Also, it identifies five rural properties belonging to the ADRs participants in order to verify them by satellite images. These images permit temporal comparison of the areas and make it possible to see if there are Permanent Preservation Areas and Legal Reserved Areas that still have to be recomposed and the proposition on doing so according to the Rural-Environmental Registration. By qualitative analyses, the research concludes that the criteria established by Brazilian Law are not sufficiently complied by the ADRs in which state public prosecutors take part. The results indicate a low utility level of ADRs in Brazil when ecological roles are considered. Important data on the parts, on the areas, and on the obligations are not mentioned or were forgotten. The restoration of the damaged areas was not verified in any of the rural properties analyzed. Public prosecutors value documents over the reality of the areas and the possibility of complying with the ecological role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this work is to analyze the possibilities of implantation of an Interdisciplinary Program of Rural Education in the cities of Planalto Norte of Santa Catarina. The semi-structured interviews were carried out with representatives of four municipalities in the region of the Associação dos Municípios do Planalto Norte Catarinense (Amplanorte). From the analysis, it is clear the need to deepen the discussions regarding the different modalities of Education, as is the case of Rural Education. There is a lack of rural schools in the municipalities and, even when present, the lack of an adapted curriculum that is contextualized with the specificities of students. Finally, the importance of Rural Education for the region is evident, as it presents relevant agricultural production characteristics, as well as the existence of a good part of the regional population living in rural areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Informe Gepec is the property of Informe Gepec and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Informe Gepec is the property of Informe Gepec and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Informe Gepec is the property of Informe Gepec and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Runa: Archivo para las Ciencias del Hombre is the property of Runa: Archivo para las Ciencias del Hombre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tendencias: Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Administrativas is the property of Universidad de Narino, Facultad de Ciencias Economics y Administrativas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The fact that public policies for productive inclusion are guided by different references forces the social mediators to articulate them and make them coherent for the target public, which becomes a task they are not always able to carry out. Furthermore, among the mediators themselves, there is also no single conception of what is meant by productive inclusion. In this sense, from a dialogue with the sociology of translation approach (CALLON, 1981; 1986; LATOUR, 2000), the aim is to analyze the role of social mediators in the processes of innovation and productive inclusion of family farmers in the context of the rural extension of the state of Tocantins. The study is qualitative, using the interview technique. It is concluded that the rural extension service has a strategic role in promoting the productive inclusion of family farmers by fostering innovation and facilitating access to specific public policies that address their reality. For this, the mediators need to position themselves in the translation process more as “communicators” than “transmitters”, so that they can advance in the definition of more specific references of their performance in line with the diversity of social segments of family farming and also in the unification of discourses and actions among the participating actors in the interventionist process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper consisted to determine the level of rural development for municipalities from the State of Mato Grosso do Sul and its categorization, selecting relevant variables to compose the set of regional determining characteristics. To achieve this goal, the constitution of the Regional Rural Development Index (RRDI) was proposed, obtained through the latent factors, generated by the factor analysis, using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) as an extraction method. This index was obtained based on 29 indicators derived from secondary data of the 2006 Agriculture Census and the 2010 Population Census. Among the main results is the extraction of seven latent factors, explaining 85,47% of the total accumulated variance, which represented characteristics related to rural health-domestic and production infrastructure, agricultural productivity, environmental preservation and degradation, educational and demographic aspects, agricultural jobs, and the relevance of land titling. The composition of these variables allowed IDRR to contribute empirically in determining the levels of localities rural development and to reveal a relatively homogeneous regional rural development pattern for the municipalities analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article sought to verify the implementation of food procurement from family farming (AF) in Federal Universities (IFES) in the south of the country, identifying which processes of purchasing/contracting services used and the forms of management of the University Restaurants (RU), the routes used to purchase AF products in each institution / state, the difficulties reported by the social actors involved and the mechanisms of access to these markets built by farmers' organizations and Executing Entities. For this purpose, quantitative and qualitative research was used in 19 IFES based on data collected through questionnaires and interviews with managers, technicians and farmers. Of the 51 Units analyzed, 47% have already purchased from AF at some point, with Rio Grande do Sul the state with the most cases and UFRGS the IFES with the highest percentage of acquisitions. The massive outsourcing, the lack of commitment of the actors involved, the ignorance of the legislation and the change in the political scenario were identified problems. As access mechanisms, some IFES with outsourced management sought through clauses in public notices to encourage or compel private companies to make these purchases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the strategic action of activists who shape the policy community of territorial discussion in Brazil highlighting the role of ideas and the experience contributed by these actors in the federal government that began in 2003, culminating in with the formulation of the development policy of rural territories. Among the different theoretical perspectives, we chose to use the interface of US and French. Among the different theoretical perspectives, we chose to use the interface of North American and French contributions, the public policy community and the cognitive approach, respectively. The article brings together the trajectories, experiences and ideas of the actors who participated in the management of the Secretariat for Territorial Development (SDT) in PT governments, researchers on the theme of rural development and representatives of social movements. This information was collected through in-depth interviews, research on newspaper sites and reading of the minutes of the National Council for Sustainable Rural Development. The main conclusions indicate that these militants, when integrating the policy community responsible for the adoption of a new global framework, decisively influenced the foundations and outlines of public policies for rural development in Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transformations in the grain structure (corn, soybean and wheat) in Paraná provide relevant information on the dynamics of the state's agricultural activity. For this analysis, the shift-share tooling is used here in order to decommince its effects on the area, production and yield. Among the results are the spatial displacement of corn production, resulting from the expansion of safrinha corn, and the predominant yield effect on the area effect for soybean and corn. In addition to these, the area effect was positive for all cultures analyzed, which suggests that the Central North region has high potential for grain activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study measures the rural development index (IDR) for the 137 Brazilian mesoregions using the partial index method, which considers population (IPOP), social well-being (IBES), economic (IDE), environmental (IMA) and technological appropriation (IAPT) indicators and relates the IDR index to the average value of contracts entered into under the National Program for Strengthening Family Farming (PRONAF) and the Food Procurement Program (PAA) and to the value of the procurement of products from family farmers by the National School Meal Program (PNAE) through Pearson's correlation. The data were extracted from the Agricultural Census (2006), Demographic Censuses (2000 and 2010), Brazil's Central Bank (2010), the Ministry of Education (2010) and the National Supply Enterprise (2011). The results showed that rural development in Brazil is marked by high heterogeneity. Of the 137 Brazilian mesoregions, the six that stood out for the highest IDR indices were the following ones: Federal District (DF), Metropolitan Region of São Paulo (SP), Itajaí Valley (SC, state of Santa Catarina), Ribeirão Preto (SP), Araraquara (SP) and Greater Florianópolis (SC). In contrast, the southwest region of the state of Amazonas (AM), the north region of the state of Amazonas (AM), the central region of the state of Amazonas (AM), the south region of the state of Amazonas (AM), the hinterland region of the state of Pernambuco (PE) and the backcountry of Alagoas state (AL) were the six mesoregions recording the lowest IDR indices. It was also found that the IDR index had a moderate correlation with the PRONAF program, a low positive correlation with the PNAE program and no correlation with the PAA program. Therefore, it was concluded that the best IDR indices are those recorded in Brazil's southeast, south and mid-west regions, while the lowest ones were those recorded in the north and northeast regions of the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to bring the theory of reciprocity closer to the rural networks analysis methodology, in the context of endogenous rural development in mountain environments. The main idea behind the concept of rural networks is to give a new meaning to the expression 'rural development'. This re-signification arises from the observation of the diversity of territories and populations that exist in regions that are making the border between rural and urban increasingly invisible. Moreover, from this finding, the authors identify the need for a new methodology that can, at the same time, look at the spaces through the concept of networks and think rural development as something beyond mercantile exchanges. The proposal to approach the theory of reciprocity is to better understand, and hence justify, a differentiated look within social organizations, their functioning and the interconnections that can coexist within groups. It was found, in both theories, points of convergence; one of them is to make increasingly the formulation, application and analysis of public policies. A second point is the perception of spaces from the concept of social networks. Thus, it is in the junction of very close thoughts that the article proposes the analysis of these new forms of territories occupation, especially those that are in mountainous regions and are destined to the rural production in sustainable bases, with the objective of contributing with the construction of knowledge in the scenarios of public policies and endogenous rural development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to demonstrate the existence of viable margins for the construction of rural development projects that take advantage of the small gaps in the configuration of the current economic system. The paper supports the idea that policies can serve as instruments for democratic appropriation of the State and markets, favoring the social reproduction of family farming, a central segment from the perspective of development herein adopted. The methodology employed relied on theoretical reflection and interviews with farmers, extension workers and public managers in the municipality of Pelotas-RS, Brazil. From the analyses of the empirical setting of this work and other spatial contexts, the paper discusses examples where the use of public institutions and markets led to advances or mitigated problems faced by historically deprecated segments, such as family farming in Brazil. This demonstrates the potential of local contexts to act as protagonists in coping with a structurally imposed unequal logic. The study concludes that there is no need to break with the economic system to then pursue the construction of future alternatives, and the multiple open possibilities in places may be a starting point for the construction of new projects towards the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Informe Gepec is the property of Informe Gepec and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Informe Gepec is the property of Informe Gepec and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Texto Livre / Texto Livre: Linguagem e Tecnologia is the property of Revista Texto Livre: Linguagem e Tecnologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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