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Denture stomatitis, inflammation and redness beneath a denture, affects nearly half of all denture wearers. Candidal organisms, the presence of a denture, saliva, and host immunity are the key etiological factors for the condition. The role of salivary proteins in denture stomatitis is not clear. In this study 30 edentulous subjects wearing a maxillary complete denture were recruited. Unstimulated whole saliva from each subject was collected and pooled into two groups (n = 15 each), healthy and stomatitis (Newton classification II and III). Label-free multidimensional liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (2D-LC-MS/MS) proteomics on two mass spectrometry platforms were used to determine peptide mass differences between control and stomatitis groups. Cluster analysis and principal component analysis were used to determine the differential expression among the groups. The two proteomic platforms identified 97 and 176 proteins (ANOVA; p < 0.01) differentially expressed among the healthy, type 2 and 3 stomatitis groups. Three proteins including carbonic anhydrase 6, cystatin C, and cystatin SN were found to be the same as previous study. Salivary proteomic profiles of patients with denture stomatitis were found to be uniquely different from controls. Analysis of protein components suggests that certain salivary proteins may predispose some patients to denture stomatitis while others are believed to be involved in the reaction to fungal infection. Analysis of candidal proteins suggests that multiple species of candidal organisms play a role in denture stomatitis.

Purpose: Multifactorial etiological factors contribute to denture stomatitis (DS), a type of oral candidiasis; however, unlike other oral candidiasis, DS can occur in a healthy person wearing a denture. In this study, we therefore attempt to explore the association between candida, denture, and mucosal tissue using (1) exfoliative cytology, (2) the candidal levels present in saliva, on mucosal tissues and on denture surfaces, and (3) the salivary flow rate and xerostomic symptoms., Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study enrolled 32 edentulous participants, 17 without DS as controls and 15 with DS (Newton's classification type II and III). Participants with systemic or other known oral conditions were excluded. Participants completed a xerostomia questionnaire, and salivary flow rates were measured. Samples of unstimulated whole saliva (UWS) and stimulated whole saliva (SWS) were collected. UWS was used for fungal culturing. Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stain and quantitative exfoliative cytology were performed on samples from affected and unaffected mucosa from each participant. Levels of Candida species (albicans and non-albicans) were determined in salivary samples (expressed as colony-forming units, CFU), as well as from swab samples obtained from denture fitting surfaces, in addition to affected and unaffected mucosa., Results: There were no significant differences in salivary flow rates, mucosal wetness, or frequency of reported dry mouth comparing participants with and without DS. Exfoliative cytology of mucosal smears demonstrated significantly higher (p= 0.02) inflammatory cell counts in DS patients, as compared with smears of healthy denture-wearers. Candida albicans was significantly more prevalent in saliva (p= 0.03) and on denture surfaces (p= 0.002) of DS participants, whereas mucosal candidal counts and the presence of cytological hyphae did not show significant difference comparing DS to healthy participants., Conclusions: In this investigation, we presented a unique group of healthy edentulous patients. This population may reflect the general DS population without systemic or other oral diseases. The prominent etiological factor for DS in this population is the presence of candida in denture and saliva. We found that other factors such as saliva flow/xerostomia, fitting of the denture, and the presence of candida in the mucosa, are less important in this population. Therefore, DS treatments in healthy patients should first focus on sanitization of an existing denture and/or fabrication of a new denture., (© 2012 by the American College of Prosthodontists.)

Denture stomatitis (DS) is the most common oral pathology among denture wearers, affecting over one-third of this group. DS is usually associated with C. albicans. However, unlike other oral candidiasis, most DS patients have intact host immunity. The presence of a denture alone is usually sufficient for DS. Saliva and its protein contents can theoretically predispose some denture wearers to DS and others resistant toward DS. Here we proposed for the first time to define salivary proteomic profiles of denture wearers with and without DS. SELDI-TOF/MS analysis suggests that there is a proteomic differentiation among control, localized and generalized DS. Based on initial SELDI-TOF/MS profiling, we further used reversed phase liquid chromatography, MALDI-TOF/MS, and LC-MS/MS to characterize the salivary proteins associated with DS. Nineteen proteins based on SELDI-TOF/MS profiling were found including cystatin-SN, statherin, kininogen-1, desmocollin-2, carbonic anhydrase-6, peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A like peptides, cystatin C, and several immunoglobulin fragments. The proteomic content gives evidence of the interaction between host tissue, saliva, and candida. Further examination in larger populations of these proteins may help to gain a better understanding of DS pathological processes and improve DS treatments.

Introduction: Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a polymer that is used in the construction of orthopaedic and dental implants. It is also used to construct removable and fixed dental prostheses due to its superior mechanical and esthetic properties compared to conventional materials. This systematic review aims to analyse and appraise the literature concerning PEEK dental prostheses critically. Methods: The following focused question was constructed 'Are dental prostheses made of PEEK inferior to those made of other materials in terms of clinical- and patient-reported outcomes?'. The CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) tool was used for the quality assessment of the randomised clinical trials. The STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) quality assessment tool was used to assess the quality of observational studies and the case reports were evaluated using the CARE (Case Report) guidelines. Results: A total of 12 studies were included in this review. Two case studies received an overall grade of medium and the overall quality of six studies was graded as 'low'. All three observational studies and the only randomised controlled trial received scores of 'medium'. Conclusion: PEEK-based dental prostheses may provide a viable and more esthetic alternative to conventional prosthodontic appliances. However, within the limitations of this study is the evidence to ascertain the long-term viability of PEEK-based dental prostheses. Future studies should focus on conducting large-scale, multicenter trials to compare the survival rate of PEEK prostheses to that of conventionally available prosthodontic appliances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Denture stomatitis is a common condition manifested by inflammation of the oral mucous membrane beneath a denture. The objective of this study was to compare the transcriptome of human palatal mucosa with chronic oral stomatitis‐associated Candida albicans infection to that of healthy oral mucosa. Materials and Methods: Oral palatal biopsies were obtained from 17 healthy and 15 C. albicans‐infected stomatitis subjects for whole transcriptome analyses. The presence of C. albicans was confirmed by cytology and cultivable methods. The clinical severity of the stomatitis was evaluated by the Newton Classification (Class II or III). For transcriptome analyses a false discovery rate (FDR) of <0.05 was used, and the effects of age, race, and gender were evaluated by principle component analysis (PCA). Specific differentially expressed genes identified by mRNA array data were confirmed by measurements of salivary protein expression using multiplex analyses. Results: Microarray analysis of mRNA expression indicated that in C. albicans stomatitis there were 3034 genes‐in‐play that were differentially expressed and met the FDR < 0.05 criteria. Two hundred thirty five (235) genes were up‐regulated >2‐fold, and 71 genes were down‐regulated >2‐fold. Five of the 6 most significant gene ontology pathways involve inflammation and activation of the immune response with CD28 and CTLA signaling of T cells. There was strong up‐regulation of TLR2, CD14, MYD88, IKKA, and NFKB as the dominant toll‐like receptor‐signaling pathway. The expression of several extracellularly expressed inflammatory protein genes was up‐regulated in candidiasis, and 2 were confirmed as up‐regulated within the saliva using protein multiplexing analyses. Conclusions: Neutrophil recruitment and activation, epithelial suppression, and T‐cell activation appear as major pathways in chronic oral candidiasis. Tissue up‐regulation of TLR2 pathways, as well as potential C. albicans binding proteins, was observed, whereas keratin and adhesion molecule synthesis were down‐regulated. Several candidate biomarkers to potentially identify the presence of oral candidiasis were differentially expressed in tissues and saliva. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article describes the case of screw-retained zirconia implant restoration. It says that the patient came to the 4th-year dental student clinic with a 3.5 mm x 11 mm Astra Tech OsseoSpeed TX implant that had placed by another physician in the past. It adds that correct osseointegration was observed at the time of the oral examination.

The article describes a case of full mouth rehabilitation with dental implants in a 42-year-old male patient with skeletal class III malocclusion. Dental problems of the patient include maxillar deficiency and mandibular prognatism. Treatment plan options include orthodontic treatment in conjunction with repositioning of the maxilla and mandible, followed by implant therapy and full mouth rehabilitation with dentures and crowns.