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Glass-ionomer—silver cermet cement has been used extensively for restorations in children and adolescents since 1984. This work describes handling characteristics, clinical uses, and limitations of the material and documents representative examples up to 6 years after placement in the mouth. Observations about glass-ionomer—silver cermet cement in clinical use are also reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study on the effects of bonding agents on the bond strength between glass ionomer cement and composite resin. Cylinders of pairs of the materials were subjected to a tensile-type stress for determining the bond strength. The glass ionomer cements that were used in the study include, GC Lining Cement and Fuji lonomer II from GC International Corp. It was found that the lowest viscosity bonding agent gave the best bond strength. It was also found that a thick film was formed by the high viscosity bonding agent. It is stated that it was not possible to precisely determine the effect of the chemical formulations of the bonding agents due to the design of the experiment.

The article discusses dental restoration of a carious primary maxillary second molar with glass ionomer-silver cermet cement as a long-term restorative material. It also describes some other uses of the material in primary and young permanent teeth. The glass ionomer-silver cermet cement has been used in situations including for restoration of lingual surfaces, for cementing stainless steel crown restorations, in repairs of stainless steel crown occlusal surface, and to replace silver amalgam restorations in primary teeth that are fractured or require replacement. Results showed that the overall experience with this cement in young patients were favorable. However, the longevity of glass ionomer-silver cerment cement restorations in the mouth is stated to be still uncertain.

This study compared castability values in the Whitlock test with those obtained from a new castability monitor based on a dental restoration. Five metal ceramic casting alloys were induction cast with both a carbon-containing and a noncarbon phosphate-bonded casting investment to assess the reliability of the Whitlock mesh test in predicting alloy castability. Alloy performance in the Whitlock test did not parallel that of the replica coping test for all alloy-investment pairs, as would be anticipated for a reliable monitor of castability. In addition, the variability of the Whitlock castability values for some alloys was sufficient to question the test's usefulness in refining the casting process with a specific alloy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A two-body, wear-testing method was developed and the test results were used for comparing and ranking the rate of wear for an amalgam, an experimental composite resin, and a commercial composite resin. The ranking of wear found by this method was the same as that shown by clinical research for the rate of wear of amalgam and commercial composite resin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analysis of certain components of plaque grown at margins of restorations shows variation in composition with time. Stability occurs within one year in vivo. Comparable plaque grows on all materials tested with the exception of silicates. Fluorides within silicates apparently cause the difference in this plaque composition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on research into dental adhesive restorative materials. It comments on the Bio-Materials Advisory Committee and its research into dental adhesives that would prevent microleakage of dental repairs. It talks about research into the behavior of molecules on tooth surface structures and the need for large specimens of pure collagen or hydroxyapatite. It mentions research into resins and epoxies and their applicability into dental work.

Copyright of Journal of Dental Research is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Dental Research is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article reports on dental restorative materials and cements in terms of film thickness, solubility, and microleakage. The article discusses the effect of oral fluids on the strength, abrasion characteristics, and hardness of the materials, noting that the intent is to seal cavities against deleterious agents. Information is also provided on dental casting, amalgam alloy particles, and zinc phosphate.

The article reports on the permeability of cavity liners. A study was conducted determining the permeability of a tooth structure using a modified device which measures the passage of ions through teeth tissues through electrical methods. Five cavity liners were tested against four solutions including phosphoric acid, acetic acid, and sodium fluoride. The cavity liner repelac was the least permeable.

The article focuses on the relationships between the amount of fluorine found in certain dental materials, the amount of fluorine taken up by powdered enamel, and the decrease in solubility. The changes brought about are generally made greater because of the larger surface area exposed and the lack of an organic matrix. It was believed that using intact enamel would make possible a more practical method for assessing the influence of the materials and predicting their clinical behavior.

The article focuses on the permeability of dental cavity varnishes and liners when exposed to certain agents. It states that calcium solubility was used to measure the permeability of dental varnishes. It mentions that liners composed of natural gums and resins and a synthetic resin were tested for permeability with sodium fluoride, phosphoric acid, and acetic acid. It comments that the varnishes didn't completely inhibit the passage of these substances, but did reduce it significantly.

The article presents an examination on how dental restorations adapt to cavity walls. The author is primarily concerned with the influence that the roughness of the cavity wall has on the restoration. The author hopes to add to research that it focused on the relationship between cavity surface condition and the sealing properties of dental materials. The author's findings indicated that rough cavity walls provide a better bond for the materials examined.

The article presents research into the study of dental materials and determine the effect additional variables have on the solubility of silicate cement. The procedure involves suspending discs of material in distilled water and buffered dilute acids for varying periods of time is described. Results found dental resins were generally insoluble. Citric acid produced the greatest dissolution of various materials. Zinc oxide and eugenol were not as soluble in lactic acid or citric acid as silicate cement.

The article discusses a study regarding the solubility of dental materials including zinc phosphate and silicate cement. A description of the study is presented. Differences that were found in the solubility of these materials in various substances, including distilled water and organic acids are discussed.

The article reports on syneresis and imbibition in reversible hydrocolloid. Reversible hydrocolloid is used as an impression material in constructing inlays, crowns, and partial dentures. A study was conducted where four commercial brands of hydrocolloid: Deelastic, Van Rossem, Dentocoll, and Surgident, were dried and their weight loss determined related to water changes. Storing hydrocolloid in 100% humidity produced the least amount of changes.

The article discusses research that has been completed regarding the existence of galvanic currents in the oral cavity. The role that dental cements play in insulating teeth against electric currents is mentioned. The impact that these currents have on the insulation of metallic restoration of the tooth is discussed.

The article discusses a study done on the properties of dental amalgam alloys. These alloys were studied for the relationship between strength and surface area. It was found that amalgam alloys can be made stronger by increasing their surface area. These alloys were produced using chips of various sizes and can be used as dental fillings.

The article presents a clinical study of dental amalgam failures. Because amalgam is very commonly used as a material for restoring tooth structure that is lost as a result of caries, the authors thought that it would be important to examine the failure rate of amalgams. Experimental methods are detailed.

The article presents a study which examined the compressive strength of dental amalgams over time. Statistics on incidents of dental amalgam alloy failures are considered. Crushing strength of dental restorative materials is recommended to be equal to 35,000 pounds per square inch 24 hours after implantation.

This article reports on the physical properties of dental amalgams. The article discusses the behavior of amalgam fillings and dental alloys in the mouth, noting how they are prepared and applied for dental procedures. Information is also presented on how restoration materials changed over time in terms of roughness, tarnish, shape, and contamination.