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Purpose: This retrospective study evaluated the effect of selected clinical and patient factors on survival, success, and peri-implant bone level changes of locking taper implants supporting molar crowns on Bicon's prefabricated shouldered abutments., Methods: A total of 234 patients, who received 274 single molar crowns supported by locking taper implants were included in this retrospective study. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to assess overall implant survival, prostheses survival, and success. Crowns were either monolithic (resin based) or bilayered (milled fiber-reinforced composite coping veneered with indirect composite). Early and late changes in marginal bone levels were plotted and analyzed with equivalence testing to compare the effects of different factors on crestal bone levels., Results: At 9.5 years after implant surgery, the implant survival probability was 94.2%, the probability of prosthesis survival was 91.4%, and the probability of prosthetic success was 90.4%. Neither the use of different crown materials, nor the choice of monolithic versus bilayered crown construction, significantly affected the probability of prosthetic success. Marginal bone levels, on average, trended downwards towards the top of the implant within the first 2 years after functional loading, and remained stable on average, since then. Factors affecting bone levels included the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which precluded early implant bone loss; and subcrestal implant placement, which was linked to significantly higher long-term bone levels., Conclusion: The implant and abutment system studied resulted in high implant and prosthetic survival rates, regardless of prosthetic material used, with stable bone levels over time., (© 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

Objectives: To evaluate the survival of implants and prostheses, and marginal bone level of fiber-reinforced composite implant supported fixed complete prostheses supported by 3 implants., Materials and Methods: Patients with fiber-reinforced composite fixed prostheses supported by 3 standard-length, short or extra-short implants were included in this retrospective cohort study. Kaplan-Meier survival was computed for implants and prostheses. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regressions, clustered by patient, were used to analyze bone level differences as a function of different study covariates. Linear regressions were used to investigate the relationship between distal extension lengths and bone levels., Results: Forty-five patients with 138 implants were followed for up to 10 years after prosthesis insertion (mean 52.8; SD 20.5 months). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed overall survival rates of 96.5% for implants and of 97.8% for prostheses. The 10-year success rate for prostheses was 90.8%. Extra-short implants survived at similar rates to short and standard implants. Marginal bone levels surrounding implants remained stable over time, even showing slight bone gain on average (mean + 0.1 mm/year; SD ± 0.5 mm/year) Acrylic denture teeth, overdentures on the opposing arch, and implant placement in the posterior maxilla were correlated with bone gain. Screw retention, opposed to telescopic retention, was correlated with bone loss. Longer distal extensions were correlated with bone gain on the implants closest to the distal extensions., Conclusions: Fiber-reinforced composite fixed prostheses supported by only 3 implants, most of which were extra-short, presented high survival rates with stable bone levels., Clinical Relevance: An encouraging prognosis can be expected for restoration of atrophic maxillary and mandibular arches, when restored with fixed fiber-reinforced composite frameworks with long distal extensions and supported on only 3 short implants., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

Background: Short and ultra-short implants implants supporting single crowns seem to demonstrate high percentages of survival and stable marginal bone levels at a mid-term follow-up. Nevertheless, insurgence of peri-implant complications still represents a critical issue, especially for patients with history of periodontitis., Purpose: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate implant survival, marginal bone loss and peri-implant complications in 333 short and ultra-short implants, placed in periodontally healthy patients and patients with a history of periodontitis., Materials and Methods: Implants were placed in the maxillary and mandibular posterior regions of 142 patients with (PP) and without (NPP) a history of periodontitis. Clinical and radiographic examinations were performed at 5-year recall appointments., Results: Implants respectively placed in PP and NPP were: 35.68% and 42.50% in 8.0 mm-length group, 33.33% and 36.67% in 6.0 mm-length group, and 30.99% and 20.83% in 5.0 mm-length group. Implant-based survival after 5 years of follow-up was 95.77% for PP and 96.67% for NPP (p = 0.77). Regarding crestal bone level variations, average crestal bone loss was statistically different (p = 0.04) among PP (0.74 mm) and NPP (0.61 mm). Implants presenting signs of mucositis were 6.86% in PP and 7.76% in NPP (p = 0.76). Setting the threshold for excessive bone loss at 1 mm after 60 months, peri-implantitis prevalence was 7.84% in PP and 2.59% in NPP (p = 0.08). Overall implant success was 92.16% and 97.41%, respectively, for PP and NPP., Conclusions: Under strict maintenance program, five-year outcomes suggest that short and ultra-short locking-taper implants can be successfully restored with single crowns in the posterior jaws both in PP and NPP., (© 2022 The Authors. Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

Purpose: Encouraging results have been reported for ultrashort single implants; however, long-term investigations are warranted for full-arch reconstructions. This study evaluated marginal bone loss, implant, and reconstruction survival of fiber-reinforced composite full-arch prostheses supported by 4 ultrashort implants., Methods: Patients with severely atrophic mandibles (Cawood and Howell class V and class VI) were included in this cohort study. Study predictors included time (initial and last follow-up) and vertical (epicrestally or subcrestally) and horizontal implant position (medial or lateral). Outcome variables included bone level changes over time, implant/prosthesis survival. Peri-implant bone level was measured on panoramic radiographs. Descriptive statistics, Kaplan-Meier, mixed model analysis of variance, and univariate and multivariate Cox Proportional Hazards Regression models, adjusted for multiple implants in the same patient, were used for data analyses., Results: Eighteen patients (mean 61.22 years old), with 72 implants placed in atrophic mandibles with an average follow-up of 55.4 months (CI, ±4.6/ SD, ±10.6 months) were analyzed. The implant survival rate was 97.2% as 2 implants were not loaded due to non-osseointegration and sensorial disturbances. Average marginal bone level at baseline (1.93 mm) and at the time of last recall (1.91 mm) was not significantly different. While implants placed subcrestally showed no significant difference between baseline (1.91 mm) and last follow up bone level (2.12 mm), implants placed epicrestally demonstrated a significant reduction on their bone level over time (initial: 1.97 mm/ final:1.33 mm). Systemic disorders were a risk factor for implant survival and bone loss. Prostheses cumulative survival rate was 100% (mean observation period of 55 months). The estimated survival rate after the 96-month follow-up was 75% (1 framework fracture after 84 months)., Conclusion: Fixed fiber-reinforced composite full-arch prostheses retained by 4 ultrashort implants showed a stable bone level and high implant/prostheses survival rates up to 8 years., (Copyright © 2021 The American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background: Short and ultra-short implants represent a predictable treatment, in terms of implant survival, with patients presenting insufficient available bone volumes. Moreover, single crown restorations represent a gold standard in terms of oral hygiene., Purpose: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate implant survival, marginal bone loss, and peri-implant complications in 333 locking-taper short and ultra-short implants., Materials and Methods: Implants were placed in the maxillary and mandibular posterior regions of 142 patients. Clinical and radiographic examinations were performed at 5-year recall appointments., Results: All implants placed consisted of 8.0-, 6.0-, and 5.0-mm length, 38.14%, 34.53%, and 27.33%, respectively. Three hundred thirty-two implants (one early failure) were rehabilitated with single crowns in 141 patients. In 45.48% of the implants the crown-to-implant ratio was ≥2, with a mean value of 1.94. Overall implant-based survival after 5 years of follow-up was 96.10%: 96.85%, 95.65%, and 95.60% for 8.0-, 6.0-, and 5.0-mm length implants, respectively (p = 0.82). Overall patient-based survival was 91.55%. Regarding crestal bone level variations, average crestal bone loss and apical shift of the "first bone-to-implant contact point" position were 0.69 and 0.01 mm, respectively. Setting the threshold for excessive bone loss at 1 mm, during the time interval from loading to follow-up, 28 implants experienced loss of supporting bone greater than 1 mm: 19 of them (67.85%) were surgically treated with a codified surgical regenerative protocol. After 60 months, a peri-implantitis prevalence of 5.94% was reported, with an overall implant success of 94.06%: 95.93%, 92.73%, and 93.10% for 8.0-, 6.0-, and 5.0-mm length implants, respectively (p = 0.55)., Conclusion: Long-term outcomes suggest that short and ultra-short locking-taper implants can be successfully restored with single crowns in the posterior area of the maxilla and mandible., (© 2021 The Authors. Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

The purpose of this retrospective study was to determine survival and peri-implant marginal bone loss of short and ultra-short implants placed in the posterior mandible. A total of 98 patients received 201 locking-taper implants between January 2014 and January 2015. Implants were placed with a 2-stage approach and restored with single crowns. Clinical and radiographic examinations were performed at 3-year recall appointments. At that time, the proportion of implant survival by length, and variations of crestal bone levels (mean crestal bone loss and mean apical shift of the "first bone-to-implant contact point" position) were assessed. Significance level was set at 0.05. The total number of implants examined 36 months after loading included: 71 implants, 8.0 mm in length; 82 implants, 6.0 mm in length; and 48 implants, 5.0 mm in length. Five implants failed. The overall proportion of survival was 97.51%, with 98.59% for the 8.0-mm implants, 97.56% for the 6.0-mm implants, and 95.83% for the 5.0-mm implants. No statistically significant differences were found among the groups regarding implant survival (P = .73), mean crestal bone loss (P = .31), or mean apical shift of the "first bone-to-implant contact point" position (P = .36). Single-crown short and ultra-short implants may offer predictable outcomes in the atrophic posterior mandibular regions, though further investigations with longer follow-up evaluations are necessary to validate our results.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the midterm outcomes of fixed, full-arch, fiber-reinforced resin bridges on ultrashort implants in terms of marginal bone loss and overall implant survival., Patients and Methods: Patients with severely atrophic mandibles, corresponding to Cawood and Howell class V and class VI, were included in this prospective temporal cohort study. Mesial and distal peri-implant bone levels were measured on panoramic radiographs taken at the time of implant insertion (baseline) and at follow-up visits., Results: A total of 17 patients with atrophic mandibular jaws with an average follow-up period of 2.9 ± 1.5 years were included. The cumulative 1-, 3-, and 5-year patient-based implant survival rates were 94.1%, and the cumulative implant survival rates were 98.5%. The marginal bone level (MBL) of the mesial implants was 0.0 ± 0.3 mm at the time of loading (n = 33), -0.1 ± 0.3 mm (n = 20) after 1 year, -0.4 ± 0.5 mm (n = 10) after 3 years, and -1.5 ± 1.0 mm (n = 4) after 5 years. The mesial bone level depended significantly on time and insertion depth. The MBL of the distal implants was -0.4 ± 0.4 mm (n = 34) at the time of implantation, -0.4 ± 0.6 mm (n = 20) after 1 year, -0.5 ± 0.5 mm (n = 10) after 3 years, and -2.2 ± 1.7 mm (n = 4) after 5 years. The distal bone level depended significantly on time and insertion depth., Conclusions: Fixed, full-arch, fiber-reinforced resin bridges retained by 4 ultrashort implants provide a comparatively cost-effective, safe, stable alternative for prosthetic restoration of the severely atrophic mandible. The overall implant survival rate and the MBL after 5 years are equivalent to those of threaded implants of conventional lengths., (Copyright © 2017 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Purpose: To determine the effectiveness of fixed, fiber-reinforced resin bridges on 4 ultrashort implants with a sufficient implant survival success rate of at least 90% in highly atrophic jaws., Materials and Methods: A prospective temporal cohort study was designed, with the inclusion of 10 patients. Of the 10 patients, 8 had atrophic jaws (7 women, 1 man; mean age at implant placement 58.5 years, range 40.7 to 73.9) and 2 had fibula-mandibular transplants (1 woman, aged 76.5 years; and 1 man, aged 69.3 years). All 10 patients had their dentition restored with 4 ultrashort implants. The implant dimensions were 4 mm in diameter and 5 mm long, with a locking taper abutment connection supporting a fixed, fiber-reinforced and composite resin-facetted bridge. The postoperative follow-up period averaged 19.5 months (range 9.1 to 33.1)., Results: The survival and success rate was 97.25%. The average mesial and distal bone level was 0.2 ± 0.3 mm in the atrophic mandibles and 0.4 ± 1.2 mm in the fibula transplants at the last follow-up visit. Prosthetic-related patient issues were limited to decementation events. No chipping or fracturing of the prostheses was observed., Conclusion: Retention of fixed prosthetic restorations using 4 ultrashort implants showed promising short-term cumulative survival and success rates., (Copyright © 2015 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Aim: Objective of this study was to assess the influence of the subcrestal placement level of short implants with a locking-taper connection design on crestal bone levels and soft tissues health., Methods: A clinical retrospective case-control study was conducted between May 2013 and September 2013. The sample was composed of patients who had received at least one 5-to-8-mm-long, plateau-design implant with a locking-taper connection system (Bicon LLC, Boston, MA, USA) in posterior areas of maxilla and mandible, in the period between January 2009 and Dicember 2011. A radiographic evaluation of the degree of subcrestal positioning(t0) was conducted to identify two implant groups: Group 1 was composed of implants placed less than 2 mm under the crestal bone; Group 2 was composed of implants placed 2 mm or more under the crest. The primary outcome variables were the crestal bone levels and the peri-implant bone loss between prosthetic loading and last control visit (t1àt2). Clinical parameters including the keratinized gingival (KG) width, modified bleeding index (mBI), modified plaque index (mPI), and probing depth (PD) were assessed at the follow-up visit. T tests were conducted to identify statistically significant differences between implants groups. Linear regression models were developed to test the dependence of the study variables by the degree of subcrestal surgical implant placement. Significance level was set at P<0.05., Results: One hundred and thirty-seven implants were followed for an average period of 31 months. At the surgery, the implants were placed, on average, 2.04 mm (mesial) and 1.86 mm (distal) subcrestally. Eighty implants were placed less than 2 mm under the crest (average 1.28 mm), while fifty-seven implants were placed more than 2 mm under the crestal bone (average 2.97 mm). At the prosthetic loading (t1), the average crestal bone level was 1.11 mm, 0.79 mm in Shallow group and 1.86 mm in Deep group, with statistically significant differences between implant groups (P<0.05). At the follow-up visit (t2) the mean crestal bone levels were respectively 0.51 mm and 1.35 mm, with statistically significant differences between implant groups (P<0.05). The average peri-implant bone loss between prosthetic loading and control visit (t1àt2) was 0.04 mm in the Group 1 and 0.33 mm in Group 2. The average keratinized mucosa width was 2.16 mm, the average mBI was 0.24 , the average mPI was 0.17 and the average PD was 2.34 mm. Significant difference between groups was observed regarding to keratinized gingival width (Group 1: 1.97 mm; Group 2: 2.41 mm; P<0.05) but not for the other clinical parameters. Linear regression models confirmed the dependence of crestal bone levels by the degree of subcrestal placement (P<0.05)., Conclusion: After two years of observation, the implant of this study have shown minimal peri-implant bone resorption. The greater subcrestal implant placement has resulted in a higher level of the peri-implant bone crest, both after the osseointegration period and after the loading period. Both the study implants groups have shown good health of peri-implant soft tissues.

Background: Novel implant surface treatments with a nanothickness bioactive ceramic deposition onto rough surfaces have been recently introduced. This study aims to evaluate histologically and histomorphometrically (bone-to-implant contact [BIC] and bone area fraction occupancy [BAFO]) the early bone response to plasma-sprayed calcium-phosphate (PSCaP)-coated versus a 300- to 500-nm thickness bioactive ceramic nano-coated plateau root form implants in a rabbit femur model., Methods: A total of 48 plateau root form implants were bilaterally placed in the distal aspect of the femur of 12 white New Zealand rabbits, remaining for 20, 30, and 60 days in vivo (n = 4 animals per time in vivo, n = 2 implants per surface per animal). After sacrifice, the implants in bone were non-decalcified processed to slides of approximately 30 mum thickness, and were morphologically and morphometrically (BIC and BAFO) evaluated., Results: Higher degrees of bone structural organization were temporally observed for the PSCaP surface compared to the nano surface over time. BIC and BAFO was significantly higher (P <0.05) for PSCaP at all implantation times evaluated., Conclusions: Within the limits of this study it is possible to state that bioactive ceramic coatings of both thicknesses were biocompatible and osteoconductive. However, the early bone response was favored by the presence of the thicker PSCaP coating.

It is a general consideration to maintain bone around the dental implant. This is very necessary for the long term success of the implant. In earlier times osseointegration was thought to an element of success for implant but it does not necessarily indicate that this bone material interface will keep its integrity throughout the patient life. There can be so many contributing factors for the bone loss. So this article deals with all the factor related to crestal bone loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]