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Tooth extractions can result in alveolar bone dimensional changes, necessitating additional bone grafting for implant placement. Alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) aims to counteract postextraction changes. This case series evaluates the bone regenerative properties of a freeze-dried bone allograft (FDBA) and the clinical outcomes of implants in grafted extraction sites. A total of 33 patients were enrolled, undergoing single/multiple tooth extractions followed by ARP. Biopsy samples were harvested during implant placement for histologic and histomorphometric analysis. Clinical outcomes included marginal bone loss and pink esthetic score (PES). Twenty-five patients completed the study. FDBA-augmented sockets exhibited new bone formation adjacent to graft particles. Implants (n = 25) showed 100% survival and success rates at 1 and 2 years. PES improved significantly over time (P < .001), while marginal bone loss did not significantly differ at 1 and 2 years (P = .096). Specimens showed trabecular bone, residual FDBA particles, and marrow spaces. High magnification revealed immature bone and woven bone bridges around graft particles. No inflammatory cells were observed. This case series provides valuable insights into ARP performed with FDBA (as implants were placed after 3 months of healing without any additional bone augmentation), the histologic outcomes were favorable, and implants were successful after a 2-year follow-up period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This retrospective study compared the outcomes of implants placed in alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) treated sites with those in spontaneously healed (SH) sites. Materials and Methods: The study included patients presenting with one implant placed in an ARP‐treated socket and one in an SH site. The primary outcome was the comparison of Marginal Bone Level Changes (MBLC). Statistical analysis was performed to identify factors influencing MBLC, including age, gender, smoking, parafunctional habits, and prosthetic emergence angle. Results: Of these, 28 patients (23 females, 82.1%) were included in this analysis. Sockets in the SH group were classified as type I, whereas type II sockets were more common in the ARP group. The SH group exhibited significantly higher MBLC than the ARP group (p = 0.032), with values, respectively, of 1.00 [0.25; 1.62] and 0.40 [0.00; 1.00] mm. Among all evaluated parameters, the performance of ARP was the only factor significantly affecting MBLC (β = −0.72, SE: 0.32, p = 0.026). Age, gender, smoking, parafunctional habits, and prosthetic emergence angle did not significantly affect MBLC. Conclusions: The study shows the potential role of ARP in maintaining stable marginal bone levels around implants. In our sample, ARP significantly reduced MBLC compared with spontaneous healing, highlighting its possible impact in clinical practice for better peri‐implant bone stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the present study was to assess the occurrence of intra-, peri-, and post-operative bleeding following tooth extractions in patients treated with direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs). Consecutive patients requiring at least one dental extraction were enrolled. The DOAC regimen was either maintained or suspended. Patients were classified in subgroups depending on the number of teeth extracted per procedure (≤3 or >3), the need for flap elevation, and the performance of osteotomy. Bleeding was recorded intra-operatively; peri-operatively at 20, 40, 60, and 80 min after the procedure; and daily in the first seven days following tooth extractions. Forty-nine patients treated with DOACs (17 with rivaroxaban, 16 with apixaban, 8 with edoxaban, and 8 with dabigatran) were enrolled. Of them, 33 refrained from DOAC administration pre-operatively. The performances of >3 teeth extractions, flap elevation, and osteotomy were significantly associated with higher bleeding rates (p < 0.05). In patients treated with rivaroxaban and apixaban, bleeding episodes were more frequent. Although DOAC treatment may increase the rates of intra-operative, peri-operative, and post-operative bleeding, the recorded episodes were mild and manageable. DOAC suspension may reduce peri-operative bleeding, while no effect could be observed for post-operative bleeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hereditary Angioedema (HAE) is a rare disease characterized by a deficiency or a reduced function of the plasma protein C1 esterase inhibitor (C1-INH), which is involved in the downregulation of several inflammatory pathways. Patients affected by HAE suffer from episodic swellings of subcutaneous or submucosal tissues. Swellings can be caused by stress or dental and surgical procedures and can be life-threatening if the airways are involved. We have reported a clinical case of a patient affected by HAE type I who underwent oral surgery procedures under a short-term prophylaxis with C1-INH plasma-derived concentrate. The patient underwent a cyst removal, multiple tooth extractions, and an excisional biopsy with a prophylaxis with C1-INH plasma-derived concentrate and was hospitalized for 36 hours after the surgery to be monitored for possible HAE attacks. During the hospitalization, the patient did not show signs of swelling nor of HAE attacks. At 14 and 28 days after the surgery, the patient presented a good surgical healing. The prophylactic intravenous infusion of C1-INH concentrate was successful in preventing acute HAE attacks after oral surgery procedures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: A controlled, single‐blind, randomized clinical trial was performed to evaluate usefulness of antibiotics in preventing pain and complications after tooth extractions and benefits of probiotics in reducing gastro‐intestinal symptoms associated with antibiotic therapy. Materials and methods: A total of 159 patients were enrolled in this trial. After tooth extractions, patients were allocated to one of the groups: group 1 received postoperatively amoxicillin + clavulanic acid; group 2 received the same antibiotic therapy with an adjunctive probiotic treatment; and group 3 received neither antibiotics nor probiotics. Follow‐up visits were planned at 7, 14, and 21 days after tooth extractions (T1, T2, and T3), and parameters assessed were pain, presence of abscess, edema, fever, alveolitis, trismus, pain, difficulty in daily routine activities, and gastro‐intestinal symptoms. Results: The number of patients reporting pain at T1 was significantly higher in the control group when compared to group 2 (p =.016), while no difference for pain intensity was observed between groups. No surgical site infection was observed in any of the groups. Intestinal symptoms seemed to be tackled by probiotic administration. Conclusions: Pain was the most important symptom in the control group. Antibiotics were not necessary after non‐impacted tooth extractions, and probiotics can reduce gastro‐intestinal symptoms associated with antibiotics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tooth autotransplantation is a procedure which provides the extraction of an erupted or impacted tooth and its repositioning to another site in the oral cavity. This Case Report describes a successful case of two autotransplantations of open-apex mandibular third molars in place of the hopeless first mandibular molars with the use of L-PRF in a growing patient. A 15-year-old male patient was referred to the Dental Clinic for the extractions of the two hopeless mandibular first molars. Autotransplantation was considered the best treatment option for both sites 36 and 46, because the presence of two impacted mandibular third molars (38 and 48) with an incomplete root formation. Teeth 36 and 46 were extracted and replaced with teeth 38 and 48. The patient had an uneventful healing. At follow-up visits, the two autotransplanted teeth showed physiologic mobility, absence of inflammation and discomfort, and absence of infection; probing depth values were within normal range, and the vitality tests were positive. After 2 years, the teeth in position 36 and 46 showed absence of infection and mobility, and positive pulp vitality tests and the radiographic examinations exhibited closure of the root apices as well as absence of any periapical radiolucency or root resorption. Tooth autotransplantation is a good treatment option in case of tooth loss offering an alternative to traditional or implant-supported prosthesis especially for growing patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]