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Two conditions are necessary for a correct and functional prosthetic implant rehabilitation: maintaining pre-implant soft tissue health and stability of bone tissue, in terms of implant osseous-integration and maintenance of optimal crestal attachment levels. In addition to these parameters - necessary for the longevity of the restoration - one of the main aspects of therapy is the achievement of a final aesthetic that reproduces as faithfully as possible the natural anatomy of the lost tooth and the associated soft tissues. To achieve this last objective, an implant system was designed and used by our group. This implant is characterized by a convergent trans-mucosal emergence fixture associated with a progressive closing system of trans-mucosa healing pillars (healing abutment). This guarantee, together with the micro and macrostructure of the implant, an immediate and highly aesthetic condition of the peri-implant soft tissues, and in the same time an optimal seal on the convergent neck of the implant itself., (Copyright 2020 Biolife Sas. www.biolifesas.org.)

Objectives. This study describes a method for the measurement of the marginal gap between abutment and prosthetic crown and analyses the influence of different variables influencing the fitting precision. Methods. The extent of marginal gap between titanium or dental abutment with different implant types composed of sintered titanium, milled titanium alloy, zirconia and translucent zirconia was evaluated. The gap at implant-abutment interface was analysed by optical stereomicroscope observation. To optimise measurement precision, samples were oriented with a specific inclination angle and properly stained to limit reflection phenomena. Captured images was processed by ImageJ virtual measuring instruments. The correlation between various factors including type of tooth (molar, canine), stump type (artificial, natural), prosthesis type (sintered titanium, titanium, zirconia and translucent zirconia), and gap type (proximal, distal) was statistically evaluated performing the study of variance (ANOVA). Results. There was a significant correlation between the type of abutment and the different materials used for implant on fitting accuracy. The variables type of tooth and gap type do not significantly correlate with the marginal gap size. Results of the ANOVA test demonstrated that the association titanium abutment and titanium implant represent the best fitting with a minimum level of marginal gap at the junction interface. Conclusions. The measurement of marginal gap with stereoscopic observation associated with the analysis of variance has been demonstrated to be a valuable method for marginal gap evaluation. This approach demonstrated that the best abutment-implant fitting is represented by the association between titanium abutment and titanium implant. This model could be used to perform preliminary evaluation in order to help the clinician to select the best match of components for prosthetic implant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Different implant-abutment connections have been developed in the effort of reducing mechanical and biological failure. The most frequent complications are screw loosening, abutment or implant fracture and marginal bone loss due to overload and bacterial micro-leakage. Ideal connection should work as a one-piece implant avoiding the formation of a micro- gap at the implant-abutment interface. Different in vitro and in vivo researches have been published to compare the implant-abutment connections actually available: external hexagon, internal hexagon and conical finding different amount of micro-gap, micro-leakage and marginal bone loss. The aim of this article is to describe, according to the most recent literature, different kind of fixture-abutment connections and their clinical and mechanical advantages or disadvantages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]