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Genus Euthyonidiella Heding & Panning 1954 Type species. Euthyonidiella kyushuensis Heding & Panning 1954; by original designation.

Cucumaria solangeae sp. nov. (Figures 7���8) Type material. Holotype: Pituba beach, Salvador, BA, Brazil (13 ��00��� S; 38 �� 27 ��� W): intertidal, 1 February 1994, 4 cm length (UFBA 650). Paratypes: same locality and date as Holotype, 8 spms 2���4 cm long (UFBA 1750; MZUSP 286���290; ZUEC HOL 21��� 22). Diagnosis. Body fusiform. Tube feet arranged in double rows restricted to the ambulacral region. Ten tentacles, ventral-most pair smaller. Calcareous ring compact and simple, lacking posterior processes; plates laterally united at the base. Deposits: body wall with knobbed buttons; introvert and tentacles with rods; tube feet with endplate and supporting rods; anal region with plates. Etymology. Named after Dr. Solange Peixinho (in memorian), in recognition of her dedication and contribution to the taxonomy of marine invertebrates, and for collecting the specimens described herein. Description. Body fusiform, tapering to the posterior end (Fig. 7 A), maximum length 4 cm. Tube feet arranged in double rows restricted to the ambulacral region, although a few scattered tube feet may also be present. Ten tentacles, ventral-most pair smaller (Fig. 7 B). Anal region with five thin papillae (Fig. 7 C) and calcareous teeth. Calcareous ring compact and simple, lacking posterior processes (Fig. 7 D���E). Radial plates broad at the base and tapering at the anterior region (we tried to remove the tissue to look if there really is a bifurcation at the apex but the radials were too fragile and disintegrated). Interradial plates curved at the base and tapering at the anterior region. Radial and interradial plates of same height and laterally united at the base. Coloration in ethanol: body light brown, tentacles dark purple, tube feet brown. Details of the internal morphology could not be observed because of the poor conservation of the specimens. Deposits: body wall with four-holed (rarely five-holed) buttons (70���120 ��m) (Fig. 8 A). Introvert and tentacles with arched rods with one perforation at each extremity and two in the middle (150���180 ��m) (Fig. 8 B). Tube feet with endplate (200���400 ��m) and supporting rods with small perforations at the extremities and an enlarged central region with a large perforation (Fig. 8 C) (140���160 ��m). Anal region with two-layered perforated plates (300���400 ��m) (Fig. 8 D), (300���400 ��m), elongated and knobbed perforated plates (Fig. 8 E), and perforated plates with irregular margins (400���600 ��m) (Fig. 8 F). Type locality. Pituba beach, Salvador ��� BA, Brazil. Biological notes. Specimens collected under rocks. Remarks. Cucumaria solangeae sp. nov. is the first record of the genus in Brazil, and differs from the five other valid Atlantic species [C. frondosa (Gunnerus 1767), C. georgiana Lampert 1886, C. arcuata (Herouard 1921), C. parassimilis Deichmann 1930, and C. acuta Massin 1992] by the presence of knobbed buttons in its body wall. Some previously described Cucumaria species with knobbed buttons have been transferred to other genera; however, we place C. solangeae sp. nov. in this genus because of the combination of characters (i.e. arrangement of tube feet, morphology of the calcareous ring, shape of plates, absence of cups on body wall). Other congeners with knobbed buttons are Cucumaria crax Deichmann 1941 and Cucumaria flamma Sol��s- Mar��n & Laguarda-Figueras 1999, from the Pacific coast of Mexico; however, their buttons are rudimentary (i.e. reduced knobbed edges) and these species have tentacles of the same size (vs. ventral-most two smaller in C. solangeae sp. nov.). The species Cucumaria compressa (Perrier 1898) from the northeastern Atlantic and Cucumaria vicaria Sluiter 1910 from the northwestern Atlantic have cups in the body wall and should not be classified within the subfamily Cucumariinae. According to the classification proposed by Smirnov (2012), these species should be Colochirinae., Published as part of Martins, Luciana & Souto, Camilla, 2015, Taxonomic review of four western Atlantic dendrochirotids (Holothuroidea) with the description of a new Brazilian cucumariid species and designation of neotypes, pp. 362-374 in Zootaxa 3919 (2) on pages 370-373, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3919.2.8, http://zenodo.org/record/243332, {"references":["Gunnerus, J. E. (1767) Beskrifning pa trenne Norrska Sjo-Krak, Sjo-Pungar kallade. Kungliga Svenska vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar, 28, 114 - 124.","Lampert, K. (1886) Die Holothurien von Sud-Georgien, nach der Ausbeute der deutschen Polarstation in 1882 und 1883. Jahrbuch der wissenschaftlichen Anstalten zu Hamburg, 3, 11 - 21.","Herouard, E. (1921) Holothuries nouvelles des campagnes du yacht Princess-Alice. Bulletin de L'institut Oceanographique, 239, 1 - 9.","Deichmann, E. (1930) The holothurians of the western part of the Atlantic Ocean. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 71 (3), 1 - 226.","Massin, C. (1992) Three new species of Dendrochirotida (Holothuroidea, Echinodermata) from the Weddell Sea (Antarctica). Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique: Biologie, 62, 179 - 191.","Deichmann, E. (1941) The Holothuroidea collected by the velero III during the years 1932 to 1938 - Part I. Dendrochirota. The University of Southern California Publications, 8 (3), 1 - 194.","Solis-Marin, F. A. & Laguarda-Figueras, A. (1999) Cucumaria flamma, a new species of sea cucumber from the central eastern Pacific (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 112 (4), 778 - 786.","Perrier, R. (1898) Sur les Holothuries recueillies par le Travailleur et le Talisman. Comptes Rendus Academie Sciences, 126, 1664 - 1666.","Sluiter, C. P. (1910) Westindische Holothurien. Zoologische Jahrbucher, 11 (Supplement), 331 - 342.","Smirnov, A. V. (2012) System of the Class Holothuroidea. Paleontological Journal, 46 (8), 793 - 832. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1134 / S 0031030112080126"]}

Genus Thandarum Martinez & Brogger 2012 Type species. Thandarum hernandezi; by original designation., Published as part of Martins, Luciana & Souto, Camilla, 2015, Taxonomic review of four western Atlantic dendrochirotids (Holothuroidea) with the description of a new Brazilian cucumariid species and designation of neotypes, pp. 362-374 in Zootaxa 3919 (2) on page 368, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3919.2.8, http://zenodo.org/record/243332, {"references":["Martinez, M. I. & Brogger, M. I. (2012) Thandarum hernandezi, a new genus and new species of sea cucumber family Sclerodactylidae (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida) from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean. Zootaxa, 3304, 63 - 68."]}

Thandarum manoelina (Tommasi 1971) comb. nov. (Figures 5���6) Cucumaria manoelina Tommasi 1971: 2, figs. 3���7. Cucumaria pulcherrima ��� Tommasi 1969: 141, pl. 11, fig. 13. Type material. Neotype: designated herein, Guarajuba, Cama��ari, BA, Brazil (12 �� 47 ��� S; 38 ��08��� W): 23 m, 1 July 2007, 1 spm 0.5 cm long (UFBA 1746). [Holotype originally at the Tommasi collection at the Universidade de S��o Paulo; type locality: Ilha Grande ��� RJ, Brazil, now lost]. Other material examined. Guarajuba, Cama��ari, BA, Brazil (12 �� 47 ��� S; 38 ��08��� W): 23 m, 1 July 2007, 1 spm 0.5 cm long (UFBA 01844); 23 m, 15 August 2010, 15 spms 0.3���0.7 cm long (UFBA 1747); 23 m, 15 July 2011, 2 spms 0.5 cm long (UFBA 1748). Ba��a de Todos-os-Santos, Salvador, BA, Brazil (12 �� 50 ��� S; 38 �� 45 ��� W): 12 m, 9 March 2010, 1 spm 3 cm long (UFBA 1749). Neotype diagnosis: Body U-shaped; tube feet arranged in two rows restricted to the ambulacral region. Ten tentacles, ventral-most pair smaller. Calcareous ring compact; radial and interradial plates joined only at their base; radials with posterior processes subdivided. Deposits: body wall with four-pillared tables and irregular buttons; introvert with rosettes; tentacles with rods; and tube feet with rods and star-shaped endplate. Neotype description. Body U-shaped (Fig. 5 A). Tube feet arranged in double rows restricted to the ambulacra. Ten tentacles, ventral-most pair smaller. Anal region with five groups of three papillae. Calcareous ring compact and delicate, radial and interradials united only at their base (Fig. 5 B). Radials thin anteriorly and thick at the base, with thick and subdivided posterior processes (made up of 3���4 pieces) (Fig. 5 C). Interradials triangularshaped and strongly concave. Radial/interradial length ratio approximately 1: 3. The internal morphology of the specimens could not be observed but, according to Tommasi (1971), this species bears one Polian vesicle. Body color yellowish in vivo and white in ethanol. Deposits: body wall with four-pillared tables (30���60 ��m) and buttons (70���120 ��m). Table discs with irregular and smooth margins, and a strong central concavity bordered by numerous irregular perforations; spire high and ending in many teeth (�� 20) (Fig. 6 A���C). Buttons with irregular shape and many perforations (Fig. 6 D���E). Introvert with rosettes (20���50 ��m). Tentacles with typical rods (70���90 ��m) (Fig. 6 F). Tube feet with typical rods (80���100 ��m) (Fig. 6 G) and a star-shaped endplate entirely perforated (100���120 ��m) (Fig. 6 H). Distribution. Brazil (Bahia and Rio de Janeiro); depth: 12���50 m (Tommasi 1971; present paper). Biological notes. This species has been found buried in silt, sand (Tommasi 1971), medium sand and gravel (present paper). Remarks. The genus Cucumaria belongs to the family Cucumariidae and, therefore, has a simple calcareous ring, lacking posterior processes. The holotype of Cucumaria manoelina was originally described by Tommasi (1971) as possessing a calcareous ring with posterior processes, a typical ring of the Sclerodactylidae or Phyllophoridae. The morphology of the calcareous ring indicates that C. manoelina should be classified in the subfamily Sclerothyoninae (family Sclerodactylidae) since the radials are compact (i.e. without subdivisions), radials and interradials are united only at their base, and the radials are 3���4 times larger than the interradials. Three Sclerothyoninae genera have been described; among them, the diagnosis of the genus Thandarum includes the species C. manoelina. In this regard, we propose the new combination Thandarum manoelina (Tommasi 1971). Thandarum was recently described to the coast of Argentina (Buenos Aires, Martinez & Brogger 2012) and T. manoelina extends the distribution of this genus to the tropical Brazilian waters (up to Bahia State). Thandarum manoelina differs from Thandarum hernandezi Martinez & Brogger 2012 by the presence of smaller tables (40���60 ��m vs. 260 ��m���same-sized spms) with irregular discs (vs. circular margins) and numerous perforations (vs. few perforations). Thandarum manoelina differs from the other Sclerothyoninae (Sclerothyone velligera [Ludwig & Heding 1935], Sclerothyone unicolumnus Thandar 2008 and Temparena chuni [Ludwig & Heding 1935]���all from South Africa) by the presence of four-pillared body wall tables and rosettes in the introvert. Thandarum manoelina is the first occurrence of the subfamily Sclerothyoninae in the Brazilian coast., Published as part of Martins, Luciana & Souto, Camilla, 2015, Taxonomic review of four western Atlantic dendrochirotids (Holothuroidea) with the description of a new Brazilian cucumariid species and designation of neotypes, pp. 362-374 in Zootaxa 3919 (2) on pages 368-370, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3919.2.8, http://zenodo.org/record/243332, {"references":["Tommasi, L. R. (1971) Equinodermes do Brasil. I. Sobre algumas especies novas e outras pouco conhecidas para o Brasil. Boletim do Instituto Oceanografico, Universidade de Sao Paulo, 302, 1 - 21.","Tommasi, L. R. (1969) Lista dos Holothuroidea recentes do Brasil. Contribuicoes Avulsas do Instituto Oceanografico, 15, 1 - 29.","Martinez, M. I. & Brogger, M. I. (2012) Thandarum hernandezi, a new genus and new species of sea cucumber family Sclerodactylidae (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida) from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean. Zootaxa, 3304, 63 - 68.","Ludwig, H. L. & Heding, S. G. (1935) Die Holothurien der deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition. I. Fußlose und dendrochirote Formen. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee - Expedition auf dem Dampfer Valdivia 1898 - 1899, 24 (2), 123 - 241.","Thandar, A. S. (2008) Additions to the holothuroid fauna of the southern African temperate faunistic provinces, with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa, 1697, 1 - 57."]}

Euthyonidiella occidentalis (Ludwig 1875) comb. nov. (Figures 1���4) Thyonidium occidentale Ludwig 1875: 119 ���120. Euthyonidiella dentata Cherbonnier 1961: 611 ���613, fig. 1. Thyone constituta ��� Sluiter 1910: 340, fig. F. Phyllophorus occidentalis ��� Deichmann 1930: 148, pl. 18. Phyllophorus (Urodemella) occidentalis ��� Heding & Panning 1954: 164, fig. 76. Type material. Neotype: designated herein, Itapu�� beach, Salvador, BA, Brazil (12 �� 57 ��� S; 38 �� 21 ��� W): intertidal, 12 January 2014, 1 spm 8 cm long (MZUSP 1139). [Holotype originally at the ZMB; type locality: Suriname, now lost (Dr. Carsten Lueter, pers. comm.)]. Other material examined. Panama, Caribbean Sea: 1973, 5 spms 2���5 cm long (USNM E 22300). Itaparica Island, BA, Brazil (12 �� 54 ��� S; 38 �� 37 ��� W): 7 February 1993, 1 spm 3 cm long (EQMN 1719). Itapu�� beach, Salvador, BA, Brazil (12 �� 57 ��� S; 38 �� 21 ��� W): intertidal, 12 January 2014, 4 spms 3���5 cm long (MZUSP 1067). Amaralina beach, Salvador, BA, Brazil (13 ��00��� S; 38 �� 28 ��� W): intertidal, 8 April 2008, 3 spms 2���6 cm long (UFBA 635); intertidal, 19 April 2011, 14 spms 2���10 cm long (UFBA 1335); intertidal, 21 April 2011, 19 spms 1���5 cm long (UFBA 1341); intertidal, 1 May 2011, 1 spm 5 cm long (UFBA 1379). Porto Seguro, BA, Brazil (16 �� 25 ��� W; 39 ��02��� S): 27 August 1980, 11 spms 2���5 cm long (EQMN 607). Cumuruxatiba, BA, Brazil (17 �� 56 ��� S; 39 �� 12 ��� W): 14 October 1982, 2 spms 2.5 cm long (UFPB 1876). Abrolhos, BA, Brazil (18 ��03��� S; 38 �� 41 ��� W): 29 October 1997, 7 spms 1���5 cm long (EQMN 1878); 31 May 1998, 1 spm 3.5 cm long (EQMN 1879). Piloto beach, Vit��ria, ES, Brazil (19 �� 49 ��� S; 40 ��02��� W): 28 January 1979, 1 spm 3 cm long (EQMN 726); 20 July 1981, 3 spms 2���5 cm long (EQMN 726). Arma����o beach, B��zios, RJ, Brazil (22 �� 45 ��� S; 41 �� 51 ��� W): May 1983, 1 spm 4 cm long (EQMN 891). Ferradura beach, B��zios, RJ, Brazil (22 �� 46 ��� S; 41 �� 52 ��� W): 12 May 1999, 1 spm 4 cm long (EQMN 1923). Comparative material examined. Euthyonidiella dentata ��� holotype slides deposited in the MNHN (edentata dorsal hol 001; edentata dorsal hol 002; edentata dorsal hol 003; edentatatenthol 001; edentatatenthol 002; edentatatenthol 003; edentata ventral hol 001; edentata ventral hol 002; edentata ventral hol 003). Neotype diagnosis. Body U-shaped; twenty tentacles distributed in two circles (10 + 10), the inner circle has smallest tentacles. Calcareous ring compact; radials with short and undivided posterior processes. Deposits in body wall are tables with two pillars low spire, and dentate margins; introvert with rosettes and tables; tentacles with rods and rosettes; tube feet with rods and endplate. Neotype description. Body U-shaped (Fig. 1 A, C, D). Tube feet scattered over entire body. 20 tentacles arranged in 2 circles (10 + 10): 5 large pairs in outer circle alternating with 5 small pairs in inner circle (Fig. 1 E, F). Anal region bears five groups with three papillae each. Calcareous ring compact; radials with a deep anterior notch, and short and undivided posterior processes; interradials slightly shorter than the radials, with a broad base that overlap with the radials, and very short posterior bifurcation (Figs. 1 B, 2). Two Polian vesicles 4 mm long (Fig. 3 A, C), madreporite filamentous, stone canal 4.8 mm long (Fig. 3 A, B). Deposits: body wall tables (40���60 ��m) with dentate margins, 4���8 perforations (Fig. 4 A), and a reduced spire with two short pillars ending in four spines; introvert with rosettes (30���60 ��m) (Fig. 4 B) and tables with several perforations (Fig. 4 C, D); tentacles with rudimentary rods (35���75 ��m) (Fig. E) and rosettes (Fig. 4 B); tube feet with rods (Fig. 4 E) and endplate (150���300 ��m) (Fig. 4 F). Body color light brown (in vivo and preserved specimen). Distribution. U.S.A. (Florida), Caribbean Sea (Antigua, Aruba, Barbados, Puerto Rico, Trinidad and Tobago), Suriname and Brazil (up to Rio de Janeiro); depth: intertidal region up to 2 m (Hendler et al. 1995; present paper). Biological notes. Specimens of E. occidentalis comb. nov. live burrowed in soft sediment, under rocks and associated with seagrass (Hendler et al. 1995; present paper). Genus change. We noticed that Euthyonidiella occidentalis comb. nov. was distinct from the members of the family Phyllophoridae by possessing a calcareous ring compact, which in turn characterizes the family Sclerodactylidae. Within this family, this species should be placed within the subfamily Cladolabinae, which is characterized by the presence of 15���20 tentacles (vs. 10 tentacles in Sclerodactylinae and Sclerothyoninae); and within this subfamily, this species fits perfectly the diagnosis of the genus Euthyonidiella, by possessing 20 tentacles (vs. 15 in Clarkiella), short spired tables in the body wall (vs. no tables in Afrocucumis; and tall spired tables in Cladolabes), and regular rods and plates (vs. thorny rods and spinuos plates in Ohshimella). Pawson & Miller (1992, p. 483) discussed inconsistencies regarding the tentacles��� arrangement and the morphology of the calcareous ring within the subgenus Urodemella; nevertheless, they preferred to describe the species Phyllophorus (Urodemella) arenicola Pawson & Miller 1992 in this subgenus because of its similarity to E. occidentalis comb. nov. Therefore, we believe that P. (U.) arenicola should also be transferred to the genus Euthyonidiella, and be accepted as Euthyonidiella arenicola comb. nov. A revision of the families Phyllophoridae and Sclerodactylidae is needed since the classification of these dendrochirotids was built on divergent opinions and an agreement has not yet been reached. Regarding the calcareous ring, there are clearly two extreme morphologies that define the family Phyllophoridae and the subfamily Sclerodactylinae: plates subdivided in a mosaic of pieces vs. plates compact (see Thandar 1989, fig. 1 A, B). However, the calcareous ring of Phyllophorus (i.e. plates subdivided in large pieces) and of Sclerothyoninae (radial processes long and subdivided in small pieces), for instance, fall in between those two extremes. Moreover, Heding & Panning (1954) described the subfamily Cladolabinae and divided it into two groups based on the presence of tables in the body wall and on the presence of subdivisions in the calcareous ring. Given the great amount of tables in the body wall of these taxa it would be probably hard to miss it; however, the radial processes of their calcareous ring are generally short and fragile, breaking easily when manipulated. For instance, some processes broke down into smaller pieces recalling subdivided posterior processes (Fig. 2 A) when we removed the tentacles from the calcareous ring or after bleaching it. In addition, the subfamily Cladolabinae and the genus Phyllophorus possess an uncommon number and arrangement of tentacles (i.e. 10 + 10, 15 + 5, 15 + 5 + 5), distinguishing these taxa from the other dendrochirotids, which are mainly 10 +0 and 8 + 2. In this regard, phylogenetic studies based on morphological data could help to redefine the dendrochirotid clades by assessing phylogenetically informative traits. In addition, molecular data can provide a great set of characters in the absence of unambiguous morphological data, especially within the genera. However, regardless of the classification used, we believe the genus Euthyonidiella best fit both species (i.e. E. occidentalis comb. nov., and E. arenicola comb. nov.). Euthyonidiella occidentalis and Euthyonidiella dentata. After analyzing slides of the holotype of E. dentata and its original description (in Cherbonnier 1961), we concluded that there is no difference between this species and E. occidentalis c omb. nov. Euthyonidiella dentata is known only from its holotype, collected in Bahia (Brazil), and was never mentioned again, probably because the specimens collected were identified as ��� P. (U.) occidentalis ���. Therefore, we suggest that E. dentata should be designated as a junior synonym of E. occidentalis comb. nov. Comparison with other species. Considering the modifications proposed herein, ten species of Euthyonidiella are recorded: E. occidentalis comb. nov., E. aculeata (Ludwig 1894), E. trita (Sluiter 1910), E. destichata (Deichmann 1930), and E. arenicola comb. nov. [West Atlantic]; E. dubia Cherbonnier 1958 [East Atlantic]; E. tungshanensis (Yang 1937) and E. kyushuensis Heding & Panning 1954 [West Pacific]; E. zacae (Deichmann 1938) [East Pacific], and E. ambigua (Heding 1942) [Mediterranean]. Euthyonidiella occidentalis comb. nov. differs from E. trita, E. ambigua, E. kyushuensis and E. dubia by the arrangement of the tentacles in two circles with ten tentacles each (vs. 15 + 5, 10 + 5 + 5, 14, 10 + 5 + 5, respectively), from E. aculeata, E. zacae, E. destichata, E. kyushuensis and E. dubia by the presence of tables with dentate margins (vs. oval or circular shape), from E. tungshanensis by the presence of tables with low spire (vs. high spire), and from E. arenicola comb. nov. by the morphology of the tables, which have pointy projections in their discs (vs. blunt projections) and pillars fusing together at the base (vs. pillars linked by a horizontal ridge)., Published as part of Martins, Luciana & Souto, Camilla, 2015, Taxonomic review of four western Atlantic dendrochirotids (Holothuroidea) with the description of a new Brazilian cucumariid species and designation of neotypes, pp. 362-374 in Zootaxa 3919 (2) on pages 363-368, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3919.2.8, http://zenodo.org/record/243332, {"references":["Ludwig, H. L. (1875) Beitragezur Kenntniss der Holothurien. Arbeitenausdem Zoologischen Zootomischen Institut in Wurzburg, 2 (2), 77 - 120.","Cherbonnier, G. (1961) Deux Nouvelles especes d'holothuries Dendrochirotes des cotes Bresilienes. Bulletin do Museum National d'histoire Naturelle, 33 (6), 611 - 615.","Sluiter, C. P. (1910) Westindische Holothurien. Zoologische Jahrbucher, 11 (Supplement), 331 - 342.","Deichmann, E. (1930) The holothurians of the western part of the Atlantic Ocean. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 71 (3), 1 - 226.","Heding, S. G. & Panning, A. (1954) Phyllophoridae: eine Bearbeitung der Polytentaculaten Dendrochiroten Holothurien des Zoologischen Museums in Kopenhagen. Spolia Zoologische Musei Hauniensis, 13, 7 - 209.","Hendler, G., Miller, J. E., Pawson, D. L. & Kier, P. M. (1995) Sea stars, sea urchins and allies: echinoderms of Florida and the Caribbean. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 390 pp.","Pawson, D. L. & Miller, J. E. (1992) Phyllophorus (Urodemella) arenicola, a new sublittoral sea cucumber from the southeastern United States (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 105 (3), 483 - 489.","Thandar, A. S. (1989) The Sclerodactylid holothurians of southern Africa, with the erection of one new subfamily and two new genera (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea). South African Journal of Zoology, 24 (4), 290 - 304.","Ludwig, H. (1894) Reports on an exploration off the west coasts of Mexico, Central and South America, and off the Galapagos Islands, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer Albatross, during 1891, Lieut. Commander Z. L. Tanner, U. S. N., commanding, xii. The Holothurioidea. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 17 (3), 1 - 183. [Harvard]","Cherbonnier, G. (1958) Holothuries des cotes de Sierra-Leone. 4 e note. Bulletin Museum National Histoire Naturelle Paris, Serie 2, 30 (3), 294 - 299.","Yang, P. F. (1937) Report on the holothurians from the Fukien Coast. Bulletin Marine Biology, Amoy, China, 2, 1 - 46.","Deichmann, E. (1938) Eastern Pacific Expeditions of the New York Zoological Society. XVI. Holothurians from the western coasts of Lower California and Central America, and from the Galapagos Islands. Zoologica, 23, 361 - 387. [New York]","Heding, S. G. (1942) Uber Cucumella triplex und zwei neue Holothurien der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 137, 217 - 220."]}

Genus Cucumaria Blainville 1830 Type species. Cucumaria frondosa (Gunnerus 1767); by subsequent designation (Panning 1949: 416)., Published as part of Martins, Luciana & Souto, Camilla, 2015, Taxonomic review of four western Atlantic dendrochirotids (Holothuroidea) with the description of a new Brazilian cucumariid species and designation of neotypes, pp. 362-374 in Zootaxa 3919 (2) on page 370, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3919.2.8, http://zenodo.org/record/243332, {"references":["de Blainville, H. M. D. (1830) Zoophytes. In: Levrault, F. G. (Ed.), Dictionnaire des sciences naturelles, dans lequel on traitre methodiquement des differens etres de la nature, consideres soit en eux-memes, d'apres l'etat actuel de nos connoissances, soit relativement a l'utlite qu'en peuvent retirer la edicine, l'agriculture, le commerce et les arts. Tome 60. Le Normat, Paris, pp. 548.","Gunnerus, J. E. (1767) Beskrifning pa trenne Norrska Sjo-Krak, Sjo-Pungar kallade. Kungliga Svenska vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar, 28, 114 - 124.","Panning, A. (1949) Versucheiner Neuordnung der familie Cucumariidae (Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida). Zoologische Jahrbucher Abtheilungfur Systematik, 78 (4), 404 - 470."]}

Martins, Luciana, Souto, Camilla (2015): Taxonomic review of four western Atlantic dendrochirotids (Holothuroidea) with the description of a new Brazilian cucumariid species and designation of neotypes. Zootaxa 3919 (2): 362-374, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3919.2.8

Coronatum baiensis sp. nov. Martins & Souto (Figs. 1–4) Type Locality. Amaralina beach, Salvador, BA, Brazil. Holotype. Amaralina beach, Salvador, BA, Brazil (13 °00’ 96 ” S; 38 ° 28 ’ 16 ” W), 0 m, 2 May 2011, coll. L. Martins, C. Souto & U. Lopes, 2.6 cm long (UFBA – 1677). Paratypes. Same locality, date and collector as Holotype, 58 specimens, maximum total length up to 4.3 cm (48, UFBA – 1678; 5, MZUSP 00241; 5 ZUEC HOL 01–05). Additional material. Itapuã beach, Salvador, BA, Brazil (12 ° 57 ’ 46 ” S; 38 ° 21 ’ 36 ” W), 0 m, 21 April 2011, coll. L. Martins, C. Souto & U. Lopes, 35 specimens (UFBA – 1679). Diagnosis. Tentacles 10, ventral-most two much reduced. Tube feet scattered on body wall. Body wall ossicles are two-pillared tables with knobbed margins and low spire ending in numerous teeth, tube feet with two-pillared supporting tables, and introvert contains tables and rosettes. Etymology. The species epithet is derived from the name of the State where it was collected (Bahia State). Description of holotype. Medium-sized body, rough to the touch, barrel-shaped and sometimes slightly upturned at both ends. Tube feet gray, non-retractile and scattered throughout the body (Fig. 1 A). Ten dendritic tentacles, ventral-most pair smaller (Fig. 1 B–C). Five groups of three anal papillae around the anus (Fig. 1 E); under these, five anal teeth, each forming a triangle pointing outwards (Fig. 1 F). Calcareous ring (Fig. 1 D) poorly calcified, plates laterally united and radials slightly higher than interradials. Radials compact, bifid anteriorly and with subdivided posterior paired processes. Interradials spear-shaped and pointed anteriorly. Internal morphology: Gonads found in specimens over 1.5 cm in length and arranged in a single tuft attached to the middle portion of the body (Fig. 2 A–B). One Polian vesicle (Fig. 2 C–D), stone canal filamentous and short (Fig. 2 C, E), madreporite bean-shaped (Fig. 2 E). Deposits: Body wall tables with oval disc (100–130 µm diameter), thick and knobbed margins, 2 central and 12–30 peripheral perforations, and low spire of two pillars ending in over 20 short round teeth (Fig. 3 A–B). Tentacles with two types of rods: a curved rod with two callosities in the center and ± 25 oval perforations in both extremities which tend to decrease in size towards the end (140–240 µm) (Fig. 3 C); and an elongated rod rosettelike (190–240 µm) (Fig. 3 D). Introvert with rosettes (30–50 µm) (Fig. 3 E) and two-pillared tables of two types: one with circular disc with many perforations and a medium-sized spire ending in a few denticles (Fig. 3 F–G); and a second type with knobbed edges and a low spire ending in a few denticles (Fig. 3 H). Anal region with tables similar to the body wall tables. Tube feet with supporting tables (150–180 µm) composed of two short spires and ending in numerous small teeth (± 16) (Fig. 3 I), and end plates (Fig. 3 J). Color in life: most specimens are white, brown or gray, with dark spots scattered around the body; tentacles dark brown, introvert white and tube feet white with brown spots. Color not affected when preserved in ethanol. Distribution. Salvador, BA, Brazil. Bathymetric range: intertidal region. Biological Notes. Occur under rocks, inside crevices or buried with tentacles extended towards the surface. It can also be found in association with cucumariids, such as Thyonidium seguroensis (Deichmann, 1930). When touched in the field, Coronatum baiensis sp. nov. readily eviscerates internal structures through the introvert; therefore, they are often found without the calcareous ring, although the tentacles are intact.

Coronatum gen. nov. Martins & Souto. Diagnosis. Tentacles 10, ventral-most two much reduced. Tube feet scattered on body wall, never restricted to the ambulacra. Calcareous ring compact with short posterior processes. Body wall ossicles are two-pillared tables, tube feet with two-pillared supporting tables, and introvert contains tables and rosettes. Etymology. The name of the genus is derived from the Latin words corona (crown) in reference to the numerous small teeth as shown on top of the body wall tables. The gender is neuter. Type species. Coronatum baiensis sp. nov. Martins & Souto. Remarks. The new genus was described to accommodate only the type species described herein. The twelve Sclerodactylinae genera can be organized into four distinct groups according to the set of ossicles within the body wall: 1) cups (Apentamera, Deichmannae, Eugeliella), 2) knobbed buttons (Eupentacta, Neothyone, Neopentamera, Pachythyone, Pseudothyone), 3) plates (Athyone), and 4) tables (Havelockia, Sclerodactyla, Coronatum gen. nov.). Therefore, Coronatum gen. nov. differs from the other groups by having tables in the body wall. Coronatum gen. nov. differs from Havelockia by having rosettes in the introvert, and from Sclerodactyla by the presence of four-pillared tables in the latter genus., Published as part of Martins, Luciana, Souto, Camilla & Menegola, Carla, 2012, A new genus and new species of Sclerodactylidae (Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida) from the south-western Atlantic coast, pp. 54-62 in Zootaxa 3506 on page 55, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.214409

Martins, Luciana, Souto, Camilla, Menegola, Carla (2012): A new genus and new species of Sclerodactylidae (Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida) from the south-western Atlantic coast. Zootaxa 3506: 54-62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.214409

Texto completo: acesso restrito. p. 1-6 Submitted by Edileide Reis (leyde-landy@hotmail.com) on 2014-08-25T14:34:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Luciana Martins.pdf: 351147 bytes, checksum: 8573d7d699db09a3a0da2380734802f0 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Patricia Barroso (pbarroso@ufba.br) on 2014-08-26T18:58:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Luciana Martins.pdf: 351147 bytes, checksum: 8573d7d699db09a3a0da2380734802f0 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-26T18:58:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luciana Martins.pdf: 351147 bytes, checksum: 8573d7d699db09a3a0da2380734802f0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 Thyone pawsoni and Holothuria (Theelothuria) princeps are reported from shallow water of the South Atlantic Ocean. A morphological description of these new records with colour figures and scanning electron microscopy images of their ossicles are provided. With these two new records for the Brazilian Coast, the genus Thyone is now represented by two species and Holothuria by six.