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Population researchers have contributed to the debate on minority group distribution and disadvantage and social cohesion by providing objective analysis. A plethora of new distribution measurement techniques have been presented in recent years, but they have not provided sufficient explanatory power of underlying trajectories to inform ongoing political debate. Indeed, a focus on trying to summarise complex situations with readily understood measures may be misplaced. This paper takes an alternative approach and asks whether a more detailed analysis of individual and environmental characteristics is necessary if researchers are to continue to provide worthwhile input to policy development. Using England and Wales as a test bed, it looks at four small sub-populations (circa 250,000 at the turn of the century) – two based on ethnic grouping: Bangladeshi and Chinese; and two based on an under-researched area of cultural background, religion: Jews and Sikhs. Despite major differences in longevity of presence in the UK, age profile, socio-economic progress, and levels of inter-marriage, there are, at a national level, parallels in the distribution patterns and trajectories for three of the groups. However, heterogeneity between and within the groups mean that at a local level, these similarities are confounded. The paper concludes that complex interactions between natural change and migration, and between suburbanisation and a desire for group congregation, mean that explanations for the trajectory of distribution require examination of data at a detailed level, beyond the scope of index-based methods. Such analyses are necessary if researchers are to effectively contribute to future policy development., Comparative Population Studies, Vol 44 (2019)

The purpose of this bachelor thesis is to summarize the most important demographic data, to analyze the demographic development in the Czech republic, to provide a comparison with the other states and to formulate conclusions and recommendations on the basis of the results. The main demographic indicators are mortality rate, birth rate, marriage rate, divorce rate and abortion rate. Population growth in the Czech republic is also influenced by migration. Analysis of the demographic development is made for the period 1975-2015. Projection 2013, drawn up by the Czech Statistical Office, provides a sight into the demographic development up to the year 2101. It is evident that the Czech population has been aged and the birth rate is on the low level. This fact brings a number of social and economic risks. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to propose suitable measures to reduce an unfavourable demographic development and eliminate the social and economic risks as well.

On dispose d’études sur les réponses humaines au changement climatique aux temps historiques et même préhistoriques. Il y a également des articles qui débattent sur le rôle de la vulnérabilité et l’importance des structures institutionnelles pour améliorer les réponses des citoyens aux défis qui pourrait signifier le changement climatique de nos jours. Mais la question du rôle des facteurs culturels face à la vulnérabilité causée par ces changements reste assez peu abordée. En particulier, il faudrait clarifier comment les croyances, les valeurs, les pratiques et les habitudes sont en interaction avec les comportements des individus et des collectifs qui affrontent les défis posés par les effets du changement climatique. Dans cet article on apporte quelques réflexions sur ces sujets, en prenant pour exemple les perspectives culturelles des croyances des peuples indigènes du Nord-Ouest de l’Amérique du Nord. Research is steadily progressing on human responses to natural changes such as climate change, both with regard to such changes in historical as in prehistoric periods. We are, moreover, coming to a better understanding about the role of vulnerability and of institutional structures in relation to appropriate coping behaviours in the face of such environmental changes. The question concerning the cultural factors in vulnerability due to such natural changes has been little considered to date. Specifically, it is imperative to clarify how beliefs, values, practices and habits interact with the behaviour of individuals and collectivities that have to confront drastic natural changes. Ultimately, it is necessary to come to a better understanding of those values that have inter-cultural validity and may be useful in generating the necessary conditions to so that marginalised groups in our own and other societies my obtain the support which they need to adapt to such changes. In the following I discuss a case of particular cultural responses to natural changes drawn from the experience of the Alaska Tlingit and the Yukon First Nations.

Geographica Pannonica; Vol 20, No 4, 2016. ISSN 1820-7138, The research presented in this paper is dealing with mortality and its impact on the natural increase, i.e. population dynamics in Serbia at the beginning of the 21st century. The aim is to draw attention to the potential of mortality as a natural component of changes in population when it comes to the possibility of mitigating the negative population trends. This paper will analyse changes in the age patterns of mortality of Serbian population from the mid 20th century, in order to point to the lack of progress in reducing age-specific mortality. The comparison with countries with low mortality rates (Slovenia and Sweden) will highlight the potential space for further mortality reduction in Serbia. The effect of a hypothetical fall of mortality by age on the level of natural increase will be measured on the basis of population projections for the period of half a century.

While population change in the City of Zagreb was still positive in the last inter-census period owing to the growth of the suburban area, the inner city began to lose population. After a long-time but decreasing growth in the last few decades, Zagreb (as a morphological city) experienced a population decline of 16, 675 persons or 2.4% in the 1991-2001 period. Although natural change in that period was negative as well, the principal factor of the population decline was net migration loss.