Search

Hot compression tests of Hastelloy C-276 alloy were conducted at the temperature ranging from 1000 to 1250 °C and strain rate ranging from 0.01 to 10 s−1. The constitutive relation and critical points of dynamic recrystallization (DRX) of the Hastelloy C-276 alloy were analyzed. The flow stress curves were corrected to tackle the problems of the influence of the adiabatic heating and friction. It was revealed that a five-order polynomial was suitable to solve the problem of the influence of strain. The critical strains of DRX could be expressed by the calculation from strain hardening rate as ε c = 7.67 × 10 - 4 Z 0.144 and ε c ≈ 0.78 ε p . Microstructural evolution revealed that the development of DRX of the alloy was complete at high temperature and low strain rate and the DRX grain size increased with the increase in temperature. The volume fraction of DRX was increased, and the grain size of DRX was also slightly increased with the increase in strain. The main nucleation mechanism of DRX was discontinuous dynamic recrystallization (DDRX), which was characterized by the grain boundary bowing nucleation mechanism coupled with the twinning-induced nucleation mechanism. Σ3 twins also contribute to the grain refinement and homogenization during hot deformation. The grains of C-276 alloy were refined significantly, and the microstructural homogeneity was improved effectively during hot deformation at high temperature and low strain rate. By choosing the suitable hot working processing parameters, the refinement and uniform distribution of grains of Hastelloy C-276 alloy could be obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The deformation behavior of the as-extruded Mg-Li-Al-Zn-Si alloy was studied by conducting a hot compression test, with a temperature range of 180–330 °C and a strain rate range of 0.01–10 s−1. The constitutive relationship of flow stress, temperature, and strain rate was expressed by the Zener–Hollomon parameter and included the Arrhenius term. By considering the effect of strain on the material constants, the flow stress at 240–330 °C could be precisely predicted with the constitutive equation (incorporating the influence of strain). A processing map was established at the strain of 0.7. The unsafe domains that are characterized by uneven microstructures were detected at low temperatures (<230 °C) or high temperatures (>280 °C), with high strain rates (>1 s−1). The optimum hot deformation region was obtained at a medium temperature (270–300 °C), with a peak power dissipation efficiency of 0.44. The microstructural evolution in different domains is investigated. The unstable domains are characterized by a non-uniform flow behavior and uneven microstructure. The observation showed that the dynamic recrystallization (DRX) process could easily occur at the safe domain with high power dissipation efficiency. For the α-phase, some features of continuous dynamic recrystallization can be found. The triple points serve as prominent nucleation sites for the β-phase DRX grains and the growth in the grains was carried out by subgrain boundary migration. The microstructure exhibits characteristics of discontinuous dynamic recrystallization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The hot deformation behavior of Zn82.7–Al10.2–Cu2.1 (in wt.%) was investigated by means of hot compression tests in the temperature range of 180–330°C and strain rate range of 0.01–10s−1. Processing maps were developed on the basis of experimental data and using the principles of the dynamic materials model (DMM). The results show that the maximum stress decreases with decreasing strain rate and increasing temperature, and that the activation energy is about 141.895kJ/mol. It is found that the strain has insignificant effect on the power dissipation maps. The maps exhibit two domains. The first domain occurs in the temperature range of 218–270°C and strain rate range of 0.04–1.2s−1 with the peak efficiency of 0.53. The second domain occurs in the temperature range of 290–330°C and strain rate range of 0.01–0.18s−1 with the peak efficiency of 0.58. Microstructural observations reveal that the partial dynamic recrystallization (DRX) of the Zn-rich phase occurs in the first domain and the full DRX of that occurs in the second domain. The dendritic structure is partially fragmented and elongated within the eutectic matrix and some initial laminar Al-rich phase is transformed into a spherical shape in the two domains. The large regime of flow instability is observed at the higher strain rates and all the tested temperatures with strain higher than 0.3. It expands when strain is increased. The flow instability predicted by processing maps is manifested as adiabatic shear bands, micro-cracks and macro-shear cracks. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The hot deformation behavior of Inconel 690 has been investigated by means of hot compression tests in the temperature range of 950–1200°C and strain rate range of 0.001–10s−1. The results show that the maximum stress decreases with decreasing strain rate and increasing temperature, and the activation energy is about 380.215kJ/mol. Processing maps developed on the basis of experimental data and using the principles of the dynamic materials model exhibited two domains. The first domain occurs in the temperature range of 970–1120°C and strain rate range of 0.03–3.3s−1, with a peak efficiency of power dissipation of 0.39. The second domain occurs in the temperature range of 1150–1200°C and strain rate range of 0.003–0.1s−1, with a peak efficiency of power dissipation of about 0.37. Microstructural observations revealed that the full dynamic recrystallization (DRX) occurred in these two domains. In the first domain, the undissolved carbides assisted in nucleating DRX and restricted the coarsening of the full DRX grains and the refined grains were obtained. A small regime of flow instability was noticed at low temperature and high strain rate. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Hot compressions tests of Inconel 625 superalloy were conducted using a Gleeble-1500 simulator at different strains between 900°C and 1200°C with a strain rate of 0.1s−1. Optical microscope, transmission electron microscope and electron backscatter diffraction technique were employed to investigate the microstructure evolution and nucleation mechanisms of dynamic recrystallization. It was found that both the size and fraction of dynamically recrystallized grains increase with increasing deformation temperature. However, the size of dynamically recrystallized grains almost remains constant with increasing deformation strain. The dominant nucleation mechanism of dynamic recrystallization in Inconel 625 superalloy deformed at 1150°C is the discontinuous dynamic recrystallization, which is characterized by the bulging of the original grain boundaries accompanied with twining. The continuous dynamic recrystallization characterized by progressive subgrain rotation occurs simultaneously in dynamic recrystallization process, although it can only be considered as an assistant nucleation mechanism at the early stage of hot deformation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]