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Coronavirus causes a wide variety of respiratory infections and it is an RNA-type virus that can infect both humans and animal species. It often causes pneumonia in humans. Artificial intelligence models have been helpful for successful analyses in the biomedical field. In this study, Coronavirus was detected using a deep learning model, which is a sub-branch of artificial intelligence. Our dataset consists of three classes namely: coronavirus, pneumonia, and normal X-ray imagery. In this study, the data classes were restructured using the Fuzzy Color technique as a preprocessing step and the images that were structured with the original images were stacked. In the next step, the stacked dataset was trained with deep learning models (MobileNetV2, SqueezeNet) and the feature sets obtained by the models were processed using the Social Mimic optimization method. Thereafter, efficient features were combined and classified using Support Vector Machines (SVM). The overall classification rate obtained with the proposed approach was 99.27%. With the proposed approach in this study, it is evident that the model can efficiently contribute to the detection of COVID-19 disease., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that there is no conflict to interest related to this paper., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

A brain tumor is a mass that grows unevenly in the brain and directly affects human life. This mass occurs spontaneously because of the tissues surrounding the brain or the skull. Surgical methods are generally preferred for the treatment of the brain tumor. Recently, models of deep learning in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases in the biomedical field have gained intense interest. In this study, we propose a new convolutional neural network model named BrainMRNet. This architecture is built on attention modules and hypercolumn technique; it has a residual network. Firstly, image is preprocessed in BrainMRNet. Then, this step is transferred to attention modules using image augmentation techniques for each image. Attention modules select important areas of the image and the image is transferred to convolutional layers. One of the most important techniques that the BrainMRNet model uses in the convolutional layers is hypercolumn. With the help of this technique, the features extracted from each layer of the BrainMRNet model are retained by the array structure in the last layer. The aim is to select the best and the most efficient features among the features maintained in the array. Accessible magnetic resonance images were used to detect brain tumor with the BrainMRNet model. BrainMRNet model is more successful than the pre-trained convolutional neural network models (AlexNet, GoogleNet, VGG-16) used in this study. The classification success achieved with the BrainMRNet model was 96.05%., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

• This study applied deep learning models to detect pneumonia through the chest images. • Image augmentation technique was applied to ensure balance between classes. • We have extracted and combined features from the equivalent layers of CNN models. • We have reduced combined features with the feature selection method (mRMR). • We achieved the best result using various classifiers. Pneumonia is one of the diseases that people may encounter in any period of their lives. Approximately 18% of infectious diseases are caused by pneumonia. This disease may result in death in the following stages. In order to diagnose pneumonia as a medical condition, lung X-ray images are routinely examined by the field experts in the clinical practice. In this study, lung X-ray images that are available for the diagnosis of pneumonia were used. The convolutional neural network was employed as feature extractor, and some of existing convolutional neural network models that are AlexNet, VGG-16 and VGG-19 were utilized so as to realize this specific task. Then, the number of deep features was reduced from 1000 to 100 by using the minimum redundancy maximum relevance algorithm for each deep model. Accordingly, we achieved 100 deep features from each deep model, and we combined these features so as to provide an efficient feature set consisting of totally 300 deep features. In this step of the experiment, this feature set was given as an input to the decision tree, k -nearest neighbors, linear discriminant analysis, linear regression, and support vector machine learning models. Finally, all models ensured promising results, especially linear discriminant analysis yielded the most efficient results with an accuracy of 99.41%. Consequently, the results point out that the deep features provided robust and consistent features for pneumonia detection, and minimum redundancy maximum relevance method was found a beneficial tool to reduce the dimension of the feature set. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]