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The designation System of Systems (SoS) applies to many types of system structures. We consider a collaborative SoS, which forms through the apparent voluntary decisions of its component systems. However, many collaborative SoS do not possess the intellectual capacity to make human-like decisions. To understand the formation of SoS better, properties are modeled mathematically. An agent-based model (ABM) simulation validates the model via a mock chemical reaction of atoms forming molecules. In the engineering and management of these systems, this information allows better decisions that support or deny SoS formation. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Abstract: The Technology Readiness Level (TRL) is a measurement used to assess the maturity of a technology prior to its inclusion in a system. It is a management tool utilized by program managers, project managers, and others in acquisition management to assess technology maturity. The TRL of a technology is determined by the assessment of Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) who examine the degree to which a criteria is being fulfilled. One of the current deficiencies in using TRLs is the subjectivity in determining the readiness value. This paper aims to reduce subjectivity in TRL maturity assessments by utilizing the maturity artifacts present in system architecture models. This paper will propose a technique and research methodology that can support TRL in technology maturity assessment in the design and development phase of a technology lifecycle. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

This paper proposes the use of a new Systems Readiness Level (SRL) scale for managing system development and for making effective and efficient decisions during the defense acquisition process. This scale incorporates both the current Technology Readiness Level (TRL) of the Department of Defense (DoD) and the concept of an Integration Readiness Level (IRL) developed by Stevens Institute of Technology. The paper describes the foundations for the SRL and how it is formulated; it also demonstrates the SRL's application within the defense acquisition process using a sample case with notional readiness values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]