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Start Over Descriptor "Anti-Retroviral Agents/pharmacology" Topic ddc:616
3 results on '"Anti-Retroviral Agents/pharmacology"'

1. Heritability of the HIV-1 reservoir size and decay under long-term suppressive ART

Author

Laura N Walti, Susana Posada Céspedes, Enos Bernasconi, Pietro Vernazza, Chenjie Wan, Matthieu Perreau, Huldrych F. Günthard, François Blanquart, Nadine Bachmann, Sabine Yerly, Teja Turk, Jacques Fellay, Volker Roth, Thomas Klimkait, Manuel Battegay, Jasmina Bogojeska, Niko Beerenwinkel, Venelin Mitov, Karin J. Metzner, Kathrin Neumann, Matthias Cavassini, Jürg Böni, Alexandra Calmy, Roger D. Kouyos, University hospital of Zurich [Zurich], Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en biologie (CIRB), Labex MemoLife, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Zurich, Kouyos, Roger D, Kaiser, Laurent, Swiss HIV Cohort Study, Anagnostopoulos, A., Battegay, M., Bernasconi, E., Böni, J., Braun, D.L., Bucher, H.C., Calmy, A., Cavassini, M., Ciuffi, A., Dollenmaier, G., Egger, M., Elzi, L., Fehr, J., Fellay, J., Furrer, H., Fux, C.A., Günthard, H.F., Haerry, D., Hasse, B., Hirsch, H.H., Hoffmann, M., Hösli, I., Huber, M., Kahlert, C., Kaiser, L., Keiser, O., Klimkait, T., Kouyos, R.D., Kovari, H., Ledergerber, B., Martinetti, G., de Tejada, B.M., Marzolini, C., Metzner, K.J., Müller, N., Nicca, D., Paioni, P., Pantaleo, G., Perreau, M., Rauch, A., Rudin, C., Scherrer, A.U., Schmid, P., Speck, R., Stöckle, M., Tarr, P., Trkola, A., Vernazza, P., Wandeler, G., Weber, R., and Yerly, S.

Subjects
10028 Institute of Medical Virology, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Viral/genetics, Time Factors, Statistical methods, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), General Physics and Astronomy, HIV Infections, medicine.disease_cause, Genome, 10234 Clinic for Infectious Diseases, Cohort Studies, Viral, lcsh:Science, ddc:616, Multidisciplinary, virus diseases, HIV-1/drug effects/genetics, Viral Load, 3100 General Physics and Astronomy, 3. Good health, Phylogenetics, Anti-Retroviral Agents, Cohort, Anti-Retroviral Agents/pharmacology, Female, Adult, Science, 030106 microbiology, 610 Medicine & health, 1600 General Chemistry, Genome, Viral, Biology, Article, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/virology, DNA, Viral/genetics, HIV Infections/virology, HIV-1/drug effects, HIV-1/genetics, Humans, 1300 General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, medicine, ddc:613, [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], DNA, General Chemistry, Heritability, Term (time), 030104 developmental biology, Evolutionary biology, DNA, Viral, HIV-1, lcsh:Q
Abstract

The HIV-1 reservoir is the major hurdle to curing HIV-1. However, the impact of the viral genome on the HIV-1 reservoir, i.e. its heritability, remains unknown. We investigate the heritability of the HIV-1 reservoir size and its long-term decay by analyzing the distribution of those traits on viral phylogenies from both partial-pol and viral near full-length genome sequences. We use a unique nationwide cohort of 610 well-characterized HIV-1 subtype-B infected individuals on suppressive ART for a median of 5.4 years. We find that a moderate but significant fraction of the HIV-1 reservoir size 1.5 years after the initiation of ART is explained by genetic factors. At the same time, we find more tentative evidence for the heritability of the long-term HIV-1 reservoir decay. Our findings indicate that viral genetic factors contribute to the HIV-1 reservoir size and hence the infecting HIV-1 strain may affect individual patients’ hurdle towards a cure., The HIV reservoir is a major hurdle for a cure of HIV, but the factors determining its size and dynamics remain unclear. Here the authors show in a large cohort of 610 HIV-1 infected individuals, who are on suppressive ART for a median of 5.4 years, that viral genetic factors contribute substantially to the HIV-1 reservoir size.

Published
2020
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2. Update on World Health Organization HIV Drug Resistance Prevention and Assessment Strategy: 2004–2011

Author

Silvia Bertagnolio, A. De Luca, James H McMahon, Joseph H. Perriëns, Alexandra Calmy, Diane V. Havlir, Elliot Raizes, Lynn Morris, Michael R. Jordan, Andrew N. Phillips, C P Archibald, Martine Peeters, Donlad Sutherland, Jean B. Nachega, Mark A. Wainberg, Annemarie M. J. Wensing, Craig McClure, Steven Y. Hong, Neil Parkin, Scott M. Hammer, Paul Sandstrom, N. Dedes, Chunfu Yang, Diane E Bennett, and Elvin Geng

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Gerontology, HIV Infections/drug therapy, Drug Resistance, Developing country, Supplement Articles, HIV Infections, 030312 virology, Settore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVE, Global Health, World Health Organization, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Environmental health, Drug Resistance, Viral, medicine, Global health, Humans, Viral, 030212 general & internal medicine, Developing Countries, Health policy, Accreditation, ddc:616, 0303 health sciences, Warning system, business.industry, Health Policy, medicine.disease, Health Surveys, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Anti-Retroviral Agents, General partnership, World Health, Anti-Retroviral Agents/pharmacology, business, HIV drug resistance
Abstract

The HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) prevention and assessment strategy, developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) in partnership with HIVResNet, includes monitoring of HIVDR early warning indicators, surveys to assess acquired and transmitted HIVDR, and development of an accredited HIVDR genotyping laboratory network to support survey implementation in resource-limited settings. As of June 2011, 52 countries had implemented at least 1 element of the strategy, and 27 laboratories had been accredited. As access to antiretrovirals expands under the WHO/Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS Treatment 2.0 initiative, it is essential to strengthen HIVDR surveillance efforts in the face of increasing concern about HIVDR emergence and transmission.

Published
2012

3. Predictors for the Emergence of the 2 Multi-nucleoside/nucleotide Resistance Mutations 69 Insertion and Q151M and their Impact on Clinical Outcome in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study

Author

Sabine Yerly, Alexandra U. Scherrer, Thomas Klimkait, Beda Joos, Bruno Ledergerber, Viktor von Wyl, Philippe Bürgisser, Jürg Böni, Huldrych F. Günthard, University of Zurich, Swiss HIV Cohort Study, Battegay, M., Bernasconi, E., Böni, J., Bucher, HC., Bürgisser, P., Calmy, A., Cattacin, S., Cavassini, M., Dubs, R., Egger, M., Elzi, L., Fischer, M., Flepp, M., Fontana, A., Francioli, P., Furrer, H., Fux, CA., Gorgievski, M., Günthard, H., Hirsch, HH., Hirschel, B., Hösli, I., Kahlert, C., Kaiser, L., Karrer, U., Kind, C., Klimkait, T., Ledergerber, B., Martinetti, G., Müller, N., Nadal, D., Paccaud, F., Pantaleo, G., Rauch, A., Regenass, S., Rickenbach, M., Schmid, P., Schultze, D., Schüpbach, J., Speck, R., de Tejada BM., Taffé, P., Telenti, A., Trkola, A., Vernazza, P., Weber, R., and Yerly, S.

Subjects
10028 Institute of Medical Virology, HIV Infections, medicine.disease_cause, Cohort Studies, 10234 Clinic for Infectious Diseases, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Cause of Death, Immunology and Allergy, 030212 general & internal medicine, Didanosine, Cause of death, ddc:616, 0303 health sciences, Mutation, biology, Mortality rate, 3. Good health, Treatment Outcome, Infectious Diseases, Anti-Retroviral Agents, Lentivirus, 2723 Immunology and Allergy, Switzerland, Cohort study, medicine.drug, medicine.medical_specialty, Anti-HIV Agents/pharmacology, Anti-Retroviral Agents/pharmacology, Anti-Retroviral Agents/therapeutic use, Case-Control Studies, Didanosine/pharmacology, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Viral/genetics, HIV Infections/drug therapy, HIV Infections/mortality, HIV-1/drug effects, HIV-1/genetics, Humans, Logistic Models, Switzerland/epidemiology, Anti-HIV Agents, 610 Medicine & health, Major Articles and Brief Reports, 03 medical and health sciences, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Viral, Internal medicine, medicine, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, Case-control study, 2725 Infectious Diseases, Odds ratio, biology.organism_classification, Immunology, HIV-1, 570 Life sciences, business
Abstract

The 69 insertion and Q151M mutations are multi-nucleoside/nucleotide resistance mutations (MNR). The prevalence among 4078 antiretroviral therapy (ART)-experienced individuals was

Published
2011

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