1. Are Physical and Depressive Symptoms Different Between Women and Men With Heart Failure?: An Exploration Using Two Analytic Techniques.
- Author
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Roberts Davis, Mary C., Dieckmann, Nathan F., Hansen, Lissi, Gupta, Nandita, Hiatt, Shirin, Lee, Christopher, and Denfeld, Quin E.
- Subjects
MENTAL depression risk factors ,SOMATOFORM disorders ,RISK assessment ,SELF-evaluation ,STATISTICAL models ,MYOCARDIAL infarction ,SECONDARY analysis ,CRONBACH'S alpha ,T-test (Statistics) ,VENTRICULAR ejection fraction ,BODY mass index ,SEX distribution ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,MULTIPLE regression analysis ,FISHER exact test ,EDEMA ,FATIGUE (Physiology) ,SMOKING ,HEART failure ,STRUCTURAL equation modeling ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,CHI-squared test ,MANN Whitney U Test ,DISEASE prevalence ,RELATIVE medical risk ,AGE distribution ,HEALTH behavior ,DATA analysis software ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,DYSPNEA ,INFLAMMATION ,COUGH ,COMORBIDITY ,EDUCATIONAL attainment ,EMPLOYMENT ,DISEASE risk factors ,SYMPTOMS - Abstract
Background: Adults with heart failure (HF) experience a constellation of symptoms; however, understanding of gender differences in HF symptoms remain elusive. The aim of this study was to determine whether there are gender differences in physical and depressive symptoms and symptom patterns in HF using 2 different analytic techniques. Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of combined data from 6 studies of adults with HF. Physical symptoms were measured with the HF Somatic Perception Scale, and depressive symptoms were measured with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. First, we performed propensity matching with the nearest neighbor to examine the average treatment effect for HF Somatic Perception Scale and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 in the matched sample of women and men. Next, we used the entire data set in a latent class mixture model to determine patterns of symptoms. Finally, we calculated predictors of class membership with multinomial logistic regression. Results: The sample (n = 524, 86.5% systolic HF) was 37% women with a mean age of 58.3 ± 13.9 years and mean number of years with HF of 6.9 ± 6.9. Three hundred sixty-six participants were matched on propensity scores; there were no significant gender differences in symptom scores between matched women (n = 183) and men (n = 183). Among all 524 participants, 4 distinct latent classes of symptom patterns indicate that many patients with HF are fatigued, some have more depressive symptoms, and others have significantly more edema or cough. Gender did not predict membership to any symptom pattern. Conclusions: There were significant gender differences in sociodemographics, health behaviors, and clinical characteristics, but not HF symptoms or symptom patterns, using either analytic technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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