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Graphical abstract Highlights • Two new triterpenoid saponins were isolated from Ligularia przewalskii. • Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. • They showed significant cytotoxic activity against six tumour cell lines, with IC 50 values from 8.40 to 24.39 μM. Abstract Two new triterpenoid saponins, a cycloartane-type triterpenoid saponin (1) and a oleanane-type triterpenoid saponin (2), were isolated from the whole plant of Ligularia przewalskii. Their structures were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic studies, including IR, UV, HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR experiments. (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, DEPT, 1H-1H COSY, HMBC, HSQC, and NOESY). Their cytotoxic activities were evaluated against six human cancer (HeLa, HepG2, SGC7901, MDA231, HL60, and Lewis) cell lines in vitro using MTT assay. As a result, two triterpenoid saponins showed potent cytotoxic activities against six tumors cell lines and with broad spectrum activities against six human cancer, with IC 50 values from 8.40 to 24.39 μM. The cytotoxic activities of 2 are more potent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carpesium humile Winkl is an endemic Chinese species and no previous phytochemical studies have been reported for this species. Two new germacranolides ( 1 and 2 ) and a new phytane diterpene ( 5 ), together with five known compounds (two sesquiterpenoids and three diterpenoids), were isolated from the aerial parts of C. humile . Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis. The conformations and absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were established by combinative analysis of NMR, CD exciton chirality, and X-ray crystallography data. Four germacranolides ( 1 – 4 ) showed strong cytotoxic activities, with broad spectrum activities against six human cancer (HepG2, HeLa, HL60, SGC7901, Lewis, and MDA231) cell lines in vitro using MTT assay, with IC 50 values from 3.09 to 7.71  μ g/mL. Diterpenes ( 5 , 6 , and 8 ) also displayed good cytotoxic activities for selected cancer cell lines, with IC 50 values in the range 5.46–8.08  μ g/mL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Extracts of the aerial parts of Scorzonera divaricata afforded sulfoscorzonin D ( 1 ) and sulfoscorzonin E ( 2 ), two novel pyrrolidine inner salt alkaloids with a sulfated guaiane sesquiterpene lactone nucleus, along with 22 known compounds. Especially, sulfoscorzonin D containing a unusual monoterpene moiety is very rare. The structures of new compounds were established using spectroscopic analysis including one- and two-dimensional NMR and HRESIMS. The cytotoxicities of compounds 1 – 4 and 10 against three tumor cell lines (K562, Hela, and HepG2) were evaluated using the MTT assay. Compounds 2 and 10 exhibited moderate cytotoxic activity. The biological properties of 1 – 3 , 5 – 8 , 10 – 14 , and 16 – 24 , were screened against nine different gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Compounds 1 , 5 – 8 , 10 , and 18 , showed potent antibacterial activities. Chemical compounds studied in this article Glucozaluzanin C (PubChem CID: 442320); 1β,4α-dihydroxy-5α,6β,7α,11βH-eudermn-12; 6-olide (CID: 11119093); oleanolic acid (CID: 10494); lup-20(29)-ene-3β,28-diol (CID: 72326); (22 E )-5α,8α-epidioxyergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol (CID: 5469431); ergosta-3β,5α, 6β-trialcohol (CID: 44558918); stigma-5-en-3- O -β-glucoside (CID: 5742590); vomifoliol (CID: 12444927); trans -caffeic acid (CID: 689043); trans - p -hydroxy coumaric acid (CID: 637542); 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl ferulate (CID: 11500646); 7,3′,4′-trihydroxyflavonol (CID: 5281614); tricin (ID: 5281702); luteolin (CID: 5280445); diosmetin (CID: 5281612); 5,7-dihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone (CID: 5281703); 5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxyflavone (CID: 5320315); methyl-3,4-dihydroxy benzoate (CID: 287064); m -hydroxy benzoic acid (CID: 7420); 7-hydroxy-coumarin (CID: 5281426); and scopoletin (CID: 5280460). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Six eremophilane-type (parasenolide A–F) and an eudesmane-type (parasenin) sesquiterpenoids, along with eight known sesquiterpenes, were isolated from the whole plants of Parasenecio roborowskii . The structures and absolute configurations of new compounds were elucidated using extensive spectroscopic analysis, including HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR experiments, the CD exciton chirality methods, and single-crystal X-ray crystallography. All isolated compounds were evaluated for cytotoxicity against five human cancer (HeLa, HepG2, K562, MDA231, and NCI-H460) cell lines and a murine melanoma B16 F10 cell line by MTT assay. Compounds 1 – 15 showed cytotoxic activities, especially compounds 3 , 4 , 8 , 10 , and 12 . These five compounds showed broad spectrum activities against all the tested cancer cell lines with IC 50 ranging from 9.2 to 35.5 μM. The study supports that eremophilenolides and eudesmane-type sesquiterpenes occur mainly in the genus Parasenecio and can be used as a chemosystematic marker of the genus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]