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The present study explains the population structure and genetic diversity of medium carp Labeo gonius by analyzing partial sequence of mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b gene. Labeo gonius is a lower risk Near Threatened species, distributed throughout the North Indian major rivers, reservoirs and lakes. This species has a larger scope as an alternative candidate species in carp aquaculture system. In the present investigation, 223 individuals of Labeo gonius were collected from five locations of phylo-geographically isolated riverine ecosystems of India resulted in 12 haplotypes. These haplotypes showed 14 variables, out of which 9 were singletons and 5 were parsimony informative sites of nucleotide positions. The haplotypes H1 was considered as ancestral haplotype. All the haplotypes were connected to each other by 1-4 nucleotide mutations. The Narmada haplotypes (H10; H11 and H12) were isolated from H1 by four nucleotide mutations. The analyses resulted maximum expansion events (τ = 4.13672) in Narmada, with Fst scores more than other population pairs. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed significant genetic differentiation among populations (ØST = 0.69470, p < .000). The genetic differentiation patterns were significantly consistence with geographical distributions. This study rejected the null hypothesis of single panmictic population of medium carp, Labeo gonius in Indian water.

Inadequate ambient temperature along with short photoperiod, during five winter months (November to March) is one of the major hindrances in development of aquaculture sector in the NE region of India, which besides hampering in growth and production of fish also cause mismatching in between culture period and availability of stocking material, leading to poor performance of the available culture resources. To address this issue, a study on the impact of artificially enhanced temperature and photoperiod during winter months on sexual maturation and breeding of cultivable fish species was undertaken at Fisheries Research Centre, AAU, Assam, NE India, by taking a minor carp Labeo gonius (Ham) as the test fish. The water temperature of the experimental pond was maintained at 26±2°C during winter months (normal average temperature 14.8±8°C), by using Polyhouse made of UV stabilized LDPE film over a concrete pond and water heating system. The photoperiod was increased by 2.0±0.5 hours per day inside the polyhouse by artificial illumination. The results indicated that optimum water temperature (26.0±2°C) and enhanced photoperiod during the winter months had significant positive impact by way of rapid gonadal development and early sexual maturity of the test fish. Successful induced breeding in advance (70±6 days ahead of the normal breeding period) could be achieved in the experimental pond with 90.0±10% spawning success, 85.0±5% fertilization & 90.0±5% hatching rate. The results of the study pave the way for developing a protocol for advance breeding of different carp species by artificially enhancing temperature and photoperiod, thereby addressing the issue of non availability of stocking material at proper time of stocking in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present study, the complete mitochondrial genome sequence ofLabeo goniusis reported using PGM sequencer (Ion Torrent). The complete mitogenome ofL. goniusis obtained by thede novosequences assembly of genomic reads using the Torrent Mapping Alignment Program (TMAP) which is 16 614 bp in length. The mitogenome ofL. goniuscomprised of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNAs, 2 rRNA genes, and D-loop as control region along with gene order and organization, being similar to most of other fish mitogenomes of NCBI databases. The mitogenome in the present study has 99% similarity to the complete mitogenome sequence ofLabeo fimbriatus, as reported earlier. The phylogenetic analysis of Cypriniformes depicted that their mitogenomes are closely related to each other. The complete mitogenome sequence ofL. goniuswould be helpful in understanding the population genetics, phylogenetics, and evolution of Indian Carps. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]