1. The Legacy of the Missing Men: The Long-Run Impact of World War I on Female Labor Force Participation
- Author
-
Gay, Victor, Toulouse School of Economics (TSE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institute for Advanced Study in Toulouse (IAST), ANR-17-EURE-0010,CHESS,Toulouse Graduate School défis en économie et sciences sociales quantitatives(2017), and Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
- Subjects
Economic History ,Social norm ,05 social sciences ,Culture ,JEL: J - Labor and Demographic Economics/J.J2 - Demand and Supply of Labor/J.J2.J22 - Time Allocation and Labor Supply ,Female labor supply ,Intergenerational transmission ,[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance ,humanities ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences ,5. Gender equality ,0502 economics and business ,Gender norms ,Female labor force participation ,JEL: Z - Other Special Topics/Z.Z1 - Cultural Economics • Economic Sociology • Economic Anthropology/Z.Z1.Z13 - Economic Sociology • Economic Anthropology • Social and Economic Stratification ,JEL: J - Labor and Demographic Economics/J.J1 - Demographic Economics/J.J1.J16 - Economics of Gender • Non-labor Discrimination ,JEL: N - Economic History/N.N3 - Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Welfare, Income, Wealth, Religion, and Philanthropy/N.N3.N34 - Europe: 1913 ,050207 economics ,World War I ,050205 econometrics ,Military fatalities - Abstract
This paper explores the pathways that underlie the diffusion of women's participation in the labor force across generations. I exploit a severe exoge-nous shock to the sex ratio, World War I in France, which generated a large inflow of women in the labor force after the war. I show that this shock to female labor transmitted to subsequent generations until today. Three mechanisms of intergenerational transmission account for this result: parental transmission, transmission through marriage, and transmission through local social interactions. Beyond behaviors, the war also permanently altered beliefs toward the role of women in the labor force. (JEL J16, J22, N34, Z13)
- Published
- 2021