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Sylvain Lévi et l’entrée du sanskrit au Collège de France. By Roland Lardinois. École française d’Extrême-Orient, Sequens, no 3. Paris: École Française d’Extrême-Orient, 2018. Pp. 147.

Macé François, Rocher Alain. Émergence et métamorphoses des études mythologiques. In: Cahiers d'Extrême-Asie, vol. 29, 2020. Mythologies japonaises / Japanese Mythologies. pp. 9-23.

Julius Jolly: Kleine Schriften. Edited by Heidrun Brückner and Ingo Strauch following preparatory work by Albrecht Wezler. Veröffentlichungen der Helmuth von Glasenapp-Stiftung, vols. 38.1 and 2. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2012. Pp. xlviii + 1378.

“. . . für die Wißenschaft, der ich von ganzer Seele lebe.” Otto Böhtlingk (1815–1904): Ein Gelehrten- leben rekonstruiert und beschrieben anhand seiner Briefe. By Agnes Stache-Weiske. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. 2017. Pp. xv + 583. €118. Otto Böhtlingk an Rudolf Roth: Briefe zum Petersburger Wörterbuch 1852–1885. Index. By Agnes Stache-Weiske, Gabriele Zeller, and Frank Köhler. Veröffentlichungen der Helmuth von Glasenapp-Stiftung, vol. 45.2. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. 2015. Pp. 188. €59.

平藤 喜久子, Rocher Alain. L’aube des études mythologiques japonaises. Que cache l’expression « mythologie scientifique » ?. In: Cahiers d'Extrême-Asie, vol. 29, 2020. Mythologies japonaises / Japanese Mythologies. pp. 39-48.

Rinjirō Takayama, Rocher Alain. Mythe et histoire dans le livre de l’« Âge des dieux » du Kojiki. In: Cahiers d'Extrême-Asie, vol. 29, 2020. Mythologies japonaises / Japanese Mythologies. pp. 27-38.

In tune with the anti-allegorical stance of the Kokugakusha, most modern specialists of mythology consider the interpretation of myths advocated by the Yoshida school and its successors an artificial construct so dependent on Buddhist, Confucianist, and yin-yang concepts that it is alien to the very nature of the theo-cosmological narratives of the Nara period. The aim of the present article is to rehabilitate the hermeneutics of myth developed by esoteric Shinto in the course of its long history of commentaries on the Jindaikan. Special attention is devoted to Yoshikawa Koretari, whose exegetical texts can be read as the grand “coda” of the Yoshida tradition as a whole. The concept of “divine words” appears to be the keystone of this interpretative system, and the Yoshida school hermeneuts radically change its meaning, giving it a wide spectrum: the “divine words” stop being limited to punctual utterances (prophetic or ritual) to acquire a complex syntactic dimension, referring to extensive narratives transmitting a secret knowledge to the men. The semantic density of the divine words explains the role played in the Yoshida schools by a unique, multilayered etymology (connotations borrowed from Buddhist, neo-Confucian, and vernacular cultures coexist in the decoding process), and the importance of theurgic practices (understood, as in the neo-Platonician tradition, in their double movement, descending and ascending). We then proceed to identify the conceptual tools produced (or borrowed) by the Yoshida schools to interpret the cosmological narrative. The fusion of different gods, associations between god names and neo-Confucian notions, numerological games, and systematic parallelism between the cosmogony and the theogony are the most common hermeneutical procedures. But the conceptual operator mishō/ishō plays an even more decisive role in the Yoshidian interpretative strategies: it allows us to distinguish different moments of the creation myth while, at the same time, playing the role of an ontologico-semantic tool (ritual artifacts described in the myth possess an invisible and a visible dimension). These functions are, in turn, subordinated to an original theological thesis. Far from being erased by the emergence of the forms in the cosmogonic process, the formless (the marokare as well as the pre-named Kuni no tokotachi) continue to exist/ insist in the world as a hidden dynamic principle. This theology of presence (the divine voice is inscribed in the text in the same way as the kami are immanent to the world and man’s heart) translates into an ethical system based on a reinterpretation of the virtue of humility (tsutsushimi) in gogyō terms (tsuchikane no hiketsu). Far-fetched as it may seem, this allegorical interpretation of the Jindaikan is paradoxically faithful to the polysemy and the narrative quality of the myth, to the point that it deserves the qualification of “mytheology.”, Rocher Alain. L’exégèse des mythes du Nihon shoki chez Yoshikawa Koretari : entre allégorie et théologie de la présence. In: Cahiers d'Extrême-Asie, vol. 29, 2020. Mythologies japonaises / Japanese Mythologies. pp. 289-337.

Bhaṭṭoji Dīkṣita on the Gajasūtra. By S. L. P. Anjaneya Sarma and François Grimal with the collaboration of Luther Obrock. Regards sur l’Asie du Sud / South Asian Perspectives, vol. 1. Vyākhyānamālā, vol. 1. Pondicherry: Institut Français de Pondichéry, 2013. Pp. iii + 136. Rs 450, €21.

Manuela Cristina García Bernal

This study investigated associations between adult romantic attachment and couples’ conflict behaviors and the potential mediating role of intimacy. A community sample of 74 couples reported on their attachment security style on the Attachment Style Measure (ASM) (Simpson, 1990) and on multiple dimensions of intimacy on the Personal Assessment of Intimacy in Relationships (PAIR) (Schaefer & Olson, 1981). Couples’ conflict behaviors were assessed via behavioral observations and coded for positive and negative dimensions of conflict. Path analyses indicated numerous actor and partner effects in the links between attachment, intimacy, and conflict. For men, both avoidant and anxious attachment styles were predictive of their own and their partner’s intimacy. For women though, both secure and avoidant attachment styles were predictive of their own and their partner’s intimacy. For men, all domains of intimacy were predictive of their own or their partner’s conflict behaviors. For women, only emotional intimacy was predictive of conflict behaviors. All domains of men’s intimacy emerged as significant mediators of associations between attachment and couples’ conflict behaviors. For women, only emotional intimacy mediated these associations. Implications for the treatment of relationally-discordant couples are discussed.

The EU is active in Southeast Asia to enhance its profile as a major ASEAN partner. But in order to be perceived as a full-fledged partner, the EU has to convince ASEAN countries of its changing style and tone. This is a difficult endeavour since the ‘Burmese experience’ has produced much unease and a lasting irritation on the ASEAN side.After 20 years of sanctions escalation and clumsy declarations on Burma/Myanmar, the EU diplomacy has produced mixed results: on the one hand, it has enhanced its credentials as a global promoter of democracy and human rights, but on the other hand, it has done so in such a controversial way that its credibility and influence have been challenged. Vis-a-vis both ASEAN and Myanmar, it has produced widespread doubt on the EU capacity to become an actor of political influence in Southeast Asia, a doubt that is often underestimated by European circles.The recent evolution, both from regional and inter-regional angles, offers the EU a window of opportunity for new policy orientations as a path to regain legitimacy in Southeast Asia.

Cet essai prend pour objet un type specifique de pratique divinatoire (l'osteomancie), et en propose une etude comparative a l'echelle du continent eurasiatique. Apres une breve description des procedures osteomantiques et de leur evolution, etablie a partir du cas chinois, nous suivons les variations que connaissent les regimes hermeneutiques et les modalites fonctionnelles de cette pratique dans differentes cultures eurasiatiques (de la Chine au Japon en passant par les peuples mongols, turcs et toungouses) Nous cherchons ensuite a montrer comment l'hybridite des sequences divinatoires permet a l'osteomancie de se transformer au contact des grandes religions.

This study examines the problems concomitant to the development of a common identity among the Spanish settlers of San Francisco de Campeche during the Colonial period, with focus on the role played by religious elements in the shaping of this identity – in particular, the cult to the saints. An analysis of factors such as the characteristics of the saints in the neighborhood and local associations; processes of cult adoption, adaptation or dismissal; as well as the participation of the different local sectors in promoting the to their respective saints will be presented. This analysis will take into consideration the conflictive relationship between Spanish settlers and native people in Yucatán, a situation that prevented the using of aboriginal cultural elements in the shaping of a new identityEste trabajo estudia los problemas que acompañaron la gestación de una identidad propia y común para los residentes hispanos de la villa y puerto de San Francisco de Campeche durante el período colonial y la participación de elementos religiosos, particularmente el culto a los santos patronos, en el proceso. Teniendo como telón de fondo la peculiaridad de la región yucateca, donde una conflictiva relación entre españoles e indígenas impidió la utilización de elementos culturales prehispánicos en la formación de una conciencia identitaria, se analizan diversos factores, como las características de los santos tutelares de los barrios y de algunas corporaciones locales, los procesos de adopción, adaptación u olvido de sus cultos por parte del vecindario porteño y la participación de los diferentes sectores locales en la promoción de sus santos patronos.

Rocher Jean. Balekambang, l'île javanaise d'André Malraux. In: Archipel, volume 56, 1998. L'horizon nousantarien. Mélanges en hommage à Denys Lombard (Volume I) pp. 231-236.

Entre 1900 et 1940, des indigenes indonesiens, formes a l'Academie royale de Breda aux Pays-Bas, font partie de l'armee hollandaise. En mai 1940, une nouvelle Academie militaire est creee a Bandung afin de constituer une elite de l'armee de la revanche de la reconquete. Gout du metier, acceder voire supplanter l'elite coloniale, prouver la force des Indonesiens sont les motivations de l'engagement d'autochtones toujours attaches a la cause nationaliste. L'invasion japonaise mit fin au CORO et les engages, jusqu'alors fideles aux Hollandais, se tournerent vers le nationalisme

Jean Rocher In the ancient cemetery of Sabang (on the island of Weh in north Sumatra) is a modest tombstone which constitutes the only French military « graveyard » in Indonesia. The author examines the strange history of this tomb. The story begins when the remains of two French soldiers are placed there. They were killed during the confrontation between the German cruiser Emden and the French anti- torpedo boat Mousquet (1914). By considering the damage inflicted on this monument, one also can see the lively destiny of this little island positioned at the intersection of larger maritimes movements. However, a mystery enshrouds this tombstone. Will the reader be able to solve it ?, Rocher Jean. Mort à Sabang. Histoire d'une sépulture militaire française à Sumatra. In: Archipel, volume 54, 1997. Destins croisés entre l'Insulinde et la France. pp. 189-205.

An agrarian peculiarity in Puisaye : the manoeuvreries, smallholdings complementing sharecropping. In the Puisaye, which is a small bocage region between the Loire and the Yonne rivers, traditional farming takes the form of sharecropping, usually within the framework of large landholdings. But smaller farms, called manoeuvreries, coexist with sharecropping farms. These manoeuvreries can either be subordinated to share-cropping farms within domains and under the control of large landholders, who can eventually change the relative weight of these two types of farms ; or they are isolated and belong to small, independent landowners. Whatever the case, manoeuvreries are not autonomous units, since they don't include draft animals. The manoeuvres, therefore, must necessarily set up some kind of collaboration with surrounding sharecroppers., En Puisaye, petite région de bocage située entre la Loire et l'Yonne, l'exploitation traditionnelle du sol se fait par métayage, généralement dans le cadre de grands domaines. À côté des métairies existent des exploitations plus petites appelées manœuvreries. Ou bien celles-ci sont subordonnées aux métairies au sein des domaines et sous l'autorité du propriétaire, qui peut modifier la répartition des terres entre ces deux types d'exploitations. Ou bien elles sont isolées et appartiennent à des petits propriétaires indépendants. Dans tous les cas, ce ne sont pas des exploitations autonomes, car elles n'ont pas à leur disposition d'animaux de trait. Les manœuvres doivent donc nécessairement établir des relations de collaboration avec les métayers., Rocher Jean-Pierre. Une spécificité agraire de la Puisaye. Les manœuvreries, petites exploitations complémentaires des métairies (XVIIIe-XIXe siècle). In: Histoire & Sociétés Rurales, n°5, 1er semestre 1996. Les campagnes bourguignonnes dans l'histoire. Actes du colloque d'Auxerre (28-30 septembre 1995) pp. 97-110.

This is a translation of a 12th-century Sanskrit legal text, with the original text. The Dayabhaga was one of the most important texts in the history of Indian law. The text, fairly late and inspiring little attention, is important because the British elevated it to such prominence in their new colony in the early 19th century. It was known as the authority on inheritance and significant aspects of family law for the eastern Indian region. The case law and scholarship that surround this text have shaped Indian personal law right up to the present day.

A distinctive feature of nation-building in modern India has been the paradoxical persistence and growth of regional linguistic-based cultural identities. The appearance of regional languages on Rupee currency notes, the present provincial boundaries of India, and the rising strength of regional political parties manifest the importance of these regional identities to defining the national culture of India. Telugu Resurgence examines the origins and formation of a regional identity which ultimately gave birth to Andhra Pradesh, the first linguistic state formed in India after independence.

A description of the importance of the Goddess-Buffalo demon legend in contemporary India, illustrated with photographs of the annual ritual enactment of the myth in village festivals as well as in urban settings.

The first program of Sanskrit instruction in Great Britain poses a challenge to a claim by authors in the postcolonial vein to the effect that the study of Sanskrit was encouraged in the West as part of an encompassing colonial project aimed at appropriating and subverting Indian culture. Isolated at the college the East India Company founded in England to train its civil servants, Sanskrit studies were slower to blossom at the primary seat of colonial power than on the continent of Europe.

Introduction Sir William Jones as Comparative Lawyer Sir William Jones and the Classical Tradition Sir William Jones as an Arabist The Lives of Sir William Jones The Sanskrit Manuscripts of Sir William Jones in the Bodleian Library Sir William Jones, University College, and its Portraits