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Background: Transverse testicular ectopia (TTE) is a rare anomaly characterized by both testes descending through a single inguinal canal. In this report, the diagnosis of TTE was discovered in the event of an incarcerated congenital inguinal hernia in a neonate., Case Presentation: We present a case of TTE accompanied by persistent Müllerian duct structures (PMDS) that had been discovered incidentally during inguinal exploration of a 26-day-old boy who presented with an incarcerated congenital inguinal hernia on the right side and left cryptochidism on the left side. The pathogenesis, approach and proposed management of TTE are discussed., Conclusion: TTE is an extremely rare anomaly, especially in neonates, and should be suspected in patients presenting with inguinal hernia on one side and cryptorchidism on the other side.

Crossed testicular ectopia or transverse testicular ectopia is an extremely rare anomaly characterised by migration of one testis towards the opposite inguinal canal, usually associated with unilateral inguinal hernia. This report describes six cases of crossed ectopic testes, one of the largest series, and with unusual clinical histories.

Inguinal hernia, undescended testicle and hydrocele are typical and frequent diseases in infants and children. The paediatric inguinal hernia is a congenital defect and the hernial sac usually passes the inguinal canal. In order to diagnose the inguinal hernia in infants the physician is frequently dependent on the accurate observation of the parents. Although laparoscopic herniotomia is increasingly being discussed, it cannot be recommended yet as a standard operation because of a recurrence rate of 4%. Undescended testicle is classified into several subtypes with specific diagnostics and therapies. The role of hormonal therapy is currently controversial again, but the literature seems to point to a positive role for fertility in adulthood. The appropriate therapy should be performed by the end of the first year of life. A hydrocele is no acute reason for operative therapy; normally one can wait until the 2nd-4th year of life for spontaneous regression except for very large forms.

A 10-month-old male infant presented with bilateral inguinal hernia and left un-descended testis. During right herniotomy, both gonads were found on same side with mullerian duct structures. On naked eye examination, both gonads were normal looking. Excision of mullerian duct remnant and fixation of ectopic testis was made. Histopathological examination revealed that gonads were testicles. Presence of multiple granulomas composed of Langhans cells and epithelioid cells in ectopic testicle suggested tuberculosis. Patient was kept on antituberculous therapy and was on regular follow-up without any complication.

Background: The finding of persistent mullerian duct syndrome (PMDS) with transverse testicular ectopia (TTE) is rare. We present nonidentical triplets with PMDS with TTE., Cases: Triplet A presented with a right inguinal hernia and left nonpalpable testis at 4 months of age. Ultrasound demonstrated 1 testis in the right hemiscrotum. Laparoscopy revealed both testes in the right inguinal canal with a thick midline structure. Triplet B presented at 6 months of age in the exact manner with similar intraoperative findings as triplet A. No additional mullerian structures were identified in triplets A and B. Both underwent laparoscopic left orchiopexy and open right inguinal herniorraphy/orchiopexy. A portion of vas was noted in the path specimen of triplet B. Triplet C presented at 7 months of age with a nonpalpable left testis. Laparoscopy demonstrated bilateral fallopian tubes and a midline uterine remnant. Open bilateral orchiopexy was performed, and bilateral biopsies confirmed testes. All 3 were 46-X,Y., Conclusion: Persistent mullerian duct syndrome with TTE may be encountered when performing laparoscopy for patients with nonpalpable testis. The persistent mullerian remnants vary among individuals and alter the normal anatomy, thus may complicate diagnosis and surgical management.

We describe the case of a newborn infant with duplication of the testis and absence of the contralateral testis. The patient also had bilateral indirect inguinal hernias and an ipsilateral undescended testicle.

This unusual pathology has not been described in the medical literature of the last ten years. A 39-year-old patient, affected by unilateral cryptorchidism, on the right side, and congenital inguinal hernia, reached the operating theatre suffering from occlusive intestinal syndrome, due to a clogged hernial sac. This clog was caused by a retracting testicle which in turn stopped the ileal ansa from slipping back in to the peritoneum. Through this case we can underline the excursus of such pathology, which isn't very frequent in the adult but can, nevertheless create a fairly serious pathology, often leading to neoplan.

Two patients who presented with a history of right inguinal hernia and a third with an impalpable left testis were found to have transverse testicular ectopia. Both testes were fixed in their own scrotum, through a modified Ombredanne operation in two patients and a subdartos pouch in one.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that testicular maldescent is rarely congenital in the absence of a complete hernial sac., Patients and Methods: The study comprised 110 boys undergoing orchidopexy. Operative findings (complete hernial sac versus no hernial sac) were compared with recorded testicular descent at birth., Results: Among 70 testes recorded as maldescended neonatally there was no example without a complete hernial sac at orchidopexy. Among 60 recorded as descended neonatally, 43 had no sac at orchidopexy., Conclusions: The findings are consistent with the hypothesis, though not with the proposition, that the presence of a complete hernial sac at orchidopexy constitutes proof of congenital testicular maldescent.

A 30 year old patient with normal masculine phenotype, karyotype 46 XY with a congenital left inguinal hernia, was studied. This hernia contained (at surgery): uterus, tubes and a hypoplasic vagina, as well as testis. The Müllerian structures and the right testicle, were resected, and left orchidopexy was performed. FSH, LH, testosterone, prolactine, B-HCG in blood by radioimmunoanalysis, total estrogens, 17-ketosteroids and 17-hydroxicorticosteroids in urine, were all normal. Roentgenologic and endoscopic urologic studies were normal. A post-operative study of semen showed moderate oligospermia. The factors involved in masculine sexual differentiation, were reviewed, specially the inhibitory factor of Müllerian structures.