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Background: Due to the importance of identifying and preventing non-communicable diseases, especially obesity and overweight, this study was performed to investigate the relationship between A Body Shape Index (ABSI) and dyslipidemia. Objectives: This study was performed to investigate the relationship between A Body Shape Index (ABSI) and dyslipidemia. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 patients. Eligible individuals were selected using convenience sampling. The participants' height and waist circumference were measured. The results of these measurements as well as other demographic information, reason for referral, blood sugar, Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), High Density Lipoprotein (HDL), Triglyceride (TG), and cholesterol levels, and blood pressure were recorded in a checklist that was designed based on the research objectives. The obtained data were then entered into the SPSS 11 software and analyzed using independent sample t-test and Pearson's correlation coefficient at the 0.05 significance level. Results: This study was conducted on 300 patients with the mean age of 41.6 ± 7.17 years. The means of body mass index and ABSI were 27.10 ± 4.40 kg/m² and 0.082 ± 0.006, respectively. The mean of ABSI was significantly higher in the patients who had high TG levels as well as sugar levels higher than 100 mg/dL compared to those with low TG and blood sugar levels (P = 0.03 and P = 0.02, respectively). However, this parameter was significantly lower in the patients with low HDL levels compared to those with high HDL levels (P = 0.02). ABSI was significantly correlated to fasting blood sugar (r = 0.15, P = 0.008) and TG (r = 0.12, P = 0.02). Conclusion: The study results indicated that ABSI was correlated to the serum levels of TG and fasting blood sugar. Additionally, the mean of ABSI was higher among the patients with diabetes compared to the others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Pre-hypertension is known as the precursor of hypertension. We could prevent or delay hypertension by controlling pre-hypertension. Objectives: In this study, we investigated the prevalence of pre-hypertension and its risk factors in an Iranian population, East of Iran, in 2014. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1280 subjects living in Birjand, East of Iran in 2014. After explaining about the project, a questionnaire containing demographic characteristics and clinical backgrounds was filled out by all subjects. Participants were classified as pre-hypertension (PHTN) if systolic blood pressure was 120 - 139 mmHg or if diastolic blood pressure was 80 - 89 mmHg. Data were analyzed by chi-square test and multiple logistic regression using SPSS (version 22). P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Among 1286 participants, 21.4% had pre-hypertension. Results showed that pre-hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM) and smoking were more prevalent among men than women (P < 0.001), while prevalence of dyslipidemia was more observed in women (P < 0.001). In addition, the risk of pre-hypertension was more in men (OR = 2.9), overweight (OR = 3.7), and obese (OR = 5.6) subjects. Smoking cigarette showed a protective effect (OR = 0.4). Conclusions: Pre-hypertension was more prevalent among men and obese subjects. Since pre-hypertension progresses to hypertension and increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, it needs more attention by public health policy makers to change people's lifestyle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Diabetes is associated with increased cardiovascular disease, mortality and morbidity. Objectives: The present study aimed at assessing fasting blood sugar (FBS) in elementary school students in Birjand, 2012. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional and descriptive study was done on 1530 elementary school students who had been selected through multiple cluster sampling. FBS of these students was tested applying the enzymatic process. The obtained data was analyzed by means of SPSS software (v15) and statistical tests t and X2. Results: In this study, 833 girls and 697 boys were evaluated. Mean FBS of the whole study population was 86.9 ± 8.8 mg/dL; FBS was higher in boys compared to girls. FBS of 1453 (95%) children was < 100 mg/dL, the mean being 85.8 ± 6.8 mg/dL. FBS of 698 (45.6%) students of the above population was 86-99 mg/dl. It was 100-125 mg/dL in 72 (4.7%) individuals. Five (0.3%) students had FBS >126 mg/dL. Mean FBS increased in proportion to age, which was statistically significant. Conclusions: Although the prevalence of diabetes is not considerable; however, based on the relatively high portion of those children with high degree of blood glucose in the range in which the risk of diabetes and prediabetes in the following years rises dramatically, the need for further care of health authorities, an extensive screening activity, and undertaking intervening measures to prevent the epidemic of diabetes and consequently cardiovascular disease is emphasized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The prevalence of overweight and obesity in adolescents is increasing worldwide. The main aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of obesity and overweight among adolescent students11-19 year old in Birjand, east of Iran. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study in 2012 was conducted on 2453 students (1296 girls and 1157 boys) who had been selected through multi stage cluster sampling from Middle and High school schools of Birjand. Obesity and overweight were defined according to CDC criteria, 85-95th percentile was taken as overweight and >95th percentile was defined as obese with respect to age and sex. The obtained data was analyzed by SPSS software (V:15).T-test and chi-square were used for statistical analys is P=0.05 was considered as the significance level. Results: 7.3% of students (8.4% of boys and 6.4% of girls) were overweight and 8.2% of students (i.e. 8.1% of boys and 8.3% of girls) were obese. Conclusion: Considering the high prevalence of obesity and overweight among adolescents of Birjand, therefore, prevention of childhood obesity is a high priority. For this purpose, it is recommended that necessary information and healthy lifestyle education should be provided to families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cardiovascular risk factors begin in childhood and adolescence. This study aimed at assessing serum lipids and prevalence of Dyslipidemia in 11-18 year old students of Birjand. Methods: The present cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study was done on 2,643 middle and high school students of Birjand aged 11-18 years (1,396 girls and 1,247 boys). Blood samples were collected for the measurement of blood lipids, including Cholesterol, Triglyceride, HDL, and LDL after a 12-hour fasting period. The denned borderline and abnormal values stated in 2011 by the American Academy of Child, was used. Results: According to our results, it is concluded that: (i) 34.3% (31.3% girls and 37.6% boys) of adolescents had at least one dyslipidemia. (ii) 24.7% of the individuals had HDL lower than 40, where 14% of them TG≥130, 6.1% of cases TC≥200, and 3.5% of cases LDL≥130. Lipid disorder within low HDL type and hypertriglyceridemia were significantly higher in boys (P<0.05) than girls. Hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia in the age group of 11-14 years and low HDL in the age group of 15-18 years showed the highest values (P<0.05). Conclusion: Adolescents of Birjand have high prevalence of dyslipidemia. Preventive measures are recommended to improve lifestyle, including healthy nutrition, encouraging adolescents to exercise, and more mobility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]