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Background: National Family Health Surveys in India have not included nutritional status of the crucial age group of 10-14 years, when pubertal growth spurt typically occurs. BMI-for-age is commonly used to assess adolescent nutritional status which may misclassify stunted adolescents as normal or overweight. Objectives: To estimate prevalence and determinants of stunting among adolescents (10 to 19 years) in Bangalore city and to estimate the proportion of adolescents who are stunted, but otherwise assessed as normal or overweight using BMI-for-age. Methods: Cross sectional study conducted in four schools of Bangalore city using a self-administered questionnaire to capture socio-demographic details, dietary patterns and physical activity. WHO Anthroplus software was used to classify nutritional status based on height-for-age and BMI-for- age. Multiple logistic regression analysis was done to calculate adjusted odds ratios of independent co-variates associated with stunting. Results: Overall prevalence of stunting was 14% (95%CI:11.5-16.5%); 14.3% among females (95%CI:10.7-17.9%) and 13.6% among males (95%CI: 10.2-17.0%). Determinants of stunting were late adolescence [AOR=1.90(1.24-2.90),P=0.03], lower socio-economic class [AOR=2.75(1.39-5.41),P=0.03] and not taking weekly iron and folic acid supplements [AOR=2.78(1.48-5.21),P=0.001] Four of every five stunted children (81%) were classified as normal/ overweight/ obese using BMI-for-age. Conclusion: Stunting is a problem among urban adolescents in Bangalore. Height-for-age is a vital metric for assessing nutritional status of adolescents along with other metrics. We recommend strengthening of weekly iron and folic acid supplementation in schools and culturally specific targeted nutritional interventions for adolescents from economically weaker sections of society using a multi-sectoral and participatory approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The number of foreign travelers arriving in India has shown an exponential increase from 1.2 million in 1981 to 8.03 million in the year 2015, with an annual growth rate of 4.5%. With the influx of internationally mobile students to developing countries such as India comes the responsibility of having to cater to the health needs of these visitors. The current study was undertaken with the objective of assessing how travel prepared the international student travelers were, what gaps existed, and how better to address this issue in the future. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a medical college in Bengaluru city of South India during the 6-month period from March to August, 2015. International students doing an elective rotation at the medical college were approached to participate in the study. Written informed consent was obtained from participants, and a 23-item, self-administered questionnaire was distributed to them. Data was entered in EpiData software v3.1 and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science v 21.0. Results: The current study comprised 43 elective students. The mean age of the participants was 24 ± 2 years with age ranging from 19-29 years. Females made up the majority (79.1%). A majority of the students (69.8%) had purchased travel insurance, 62.8% had consulted a doctor prior to their travel, and 74.4% had carried a first aid kit during their travel. Conclusion: The current study highlights the variability in the uptake of pre-travel health consultation, vaccination, and other precautions taken by student travelers. Determining the most appropriate strategies for increasing pre-travel health preparation is the next step in advancing travel medicine research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To identify the needs of rural elders (> 60 yrs) and to assess the challenges faced by their caregivers in providing care for the elders, in rural Southern India Methodology: The study was a community based cross-sectional study, conducted in a rural block in Tamil Nadu, India in 2016. First part of the study consisted of conducting four focussed group discussions (FGDs) with male and female elders and caregivers respectively. Based on the themes from the FGDs, a structured questionnaire for the quantitative study (part two of the study) was designed. We could interview 158 elders and 96 caregivers. Results: The needs of the elders were found mainly to be in the areas of food, finances and emotional aspects. Study revealed 83 (52.5%) of the elders reported having to cook for themselves, 69 (43.6%) reported that they did not receive old age pension. The caregivers did not perceive taking care of elders as a burden. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]