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Copyright of LUD is the property of Polish Ethnological Society / Polskie Towarzystwo Ludoznawcze and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Colonial art of India highlights a remarkable blend of east and west - converging on grounds of matter and manner of expression. An important intervention of colonial experience on the cultural life of India was the establishment of art colleges in Calcutta, Madras and Bombay with an intent to 'elevate' the status of Indian art by teaching them western theories and finer taste. This paper examines the politics behind establishment of art institutions and how company paintings, portraits and representation of the picturesque became perfect examples of the amalgamation of east and west on canvasses. The paper also explores how this cross-cultural exchange revolutionized modern Indian art in the process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides a summary of a special issue on urban encounters in the context of migration. The papers in the issue examine the experiences, creation, and theorization of encounters in diverse urban settings. The articles emphasize the role of socio-economic inequalities in shaping encounters and highlight the importance of considering factors such as space, materiality, and power dynamics. The authors call for a reevaluation of how social interactions are perceived and evaluated in diverse urban landscapes and stress the need for epistemic justice and recognition of diverse perspectives. The special issue aims to contribute to the field of migration studies and inform policy-making. [Extracted from the article]

The belief that men are the new victims of sexism and anti-male bias is gaining traction globally. The concept of reverse sexism, called the belief in sexism shift, is a new and particularly insidious form of contemporary anti-female sexism that combines the prejudice of hostile sexism with the subtlety of modern sexism. Facilitating the cross-cultural study of a rising form of sexism, in this paper, we provide an Italian translation of the BSS and examine its psychometric properties. In Study 1, we confirmed that the Italian BSS scale has the same uni-dimensional factor structure as the English version. In Study 2, we established that the Italian BSS scale measures the same construct among women and men. In Study 3, we found that the Italian BSS scale was a better predictor, compared to other measures of sexism, of numerous perceived career constraints. Subsequently, explorative analyses revealed that BSS escalated the effect of perceived career constraints on perceived job satisfaction and development opportunities among women and men. Together, our results suggest that BSS is a prevalent form of sexism in Italy that has the potential to negatively affect women and men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined preservice teachers' understanding of children's play in diverse cultures. Using digital photo essay methods, a total of 37 early childhood preservice teachers in Myanmar, Korea, and the U.S. engaged in a critical discussion on children's play in diverse cultures. The findings suggested that the participants typically showed three layers of cross-cultural awareness: distance, friction, and flow. Korean and the U.S.participants conducted critical reflections on their preconceived notion of play, as influenced by the idea of Western childhood play. Although Myanmar participants revealed a desire for Western play materials, we did not observe substantial evidence of critical reflection throughout the cross-cultural exchanges. This paper discusses the implications of investigating culturally sensitive strategies for engendering preservice teachers' implicit beliefs by exchanging digital photo essays across diverse cultures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using a wide sample of international publicly traded firms, this paper studies the rapidly increasing practice of incorporating Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) metrics in executive compensation contracts. Our evidence suggests that this compensation practice varies at the country, industry, and firm levels in ways that are consistent with efficient incentive contracting. We also observe that reliance on ESG metrics in executive compensation arrangements is associated with engagement, voting, and trading by institutional investors, which suggests that firms could be adopting this practice to align their management's objectives with the preferences of certain shareholder groups. Finally, we find that the adoption of ESG Pay is accompanied by improvements in key ESG outcomes, but not by improvements in financial performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of this paper is to introduce the concept of decolonization of mental health from the study of the beginning of this process during the Cold War. To do so, we have as a topic of discussion the emergence of global and local projects in transcultural psychiatry. As main documentary analysis, we selected the final report of the World Health Organization transcultural project that was conducted between 1965 and 1973 in the Global South and Global North, entitled International Pilot Study of Schizophrenia (WHO, IPSS 1973). Our goal is to identify, through the analysis of this global cross-cultural project of the WHO, how mental health and culture were managed as a medico-political project aiming to create a common language for psychiatry through a Universalist epistemology. The WHO was connected to the social concerns of the post-war period by seeking in the epistemology of universality a reason to affirm that we are all equal and avoid future conflicts between nations. World peace, world citizenship, and universalism were important medico-political agendas of the IPSS and especially of the WHO. The “decolonial” aspect would be in the fact that everyone would have the same psychic structure and, therefore, would be on the same level. Even though the universality of schizophrenia played an important role as a critique of colonial psychiatry, the IPSS took a very risky and limited path. The problem is that we are not all the same. There is a subjectivity at stake, diversity, and sometimes very different cultural and social aspects to be taken into consideration. In this sense, the attempt to create a common and universal language for schizophrenia raised questions for some postcolonial and transcultural approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the Turkish telenovela phenomenon that has swept Latin America since 2014 and, more recently, the Hispanic media market in the US. Drawing on media scholar Marwan Kraidy's concept of hybridity, the article examines the processes and conditions that created fertile ground for the enthusiastic reception of dizis , the name by which these series are known in Turkey. The article briefly examines the cross-pollination that is taking place between the Turkish dizi , an already hybrid genre, and the Latin American telenovela. It suggests that these cross-cultural exchanges are fueling a renewal of the Latin American telenovela after years of decline. The article's analysis of the internationally successful melodrama ¿Qué culpa tiene Fatmagul? provides an in-depth example for the discussion. The paper explores the reasons why this telenovela in particular has resonated strongly with audiences all around Latin America. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Polskie Forum Psychologiczne is the property of Kazimierza Wielki University in Bydgoszcz and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Children's picture books contribute to children's development of gender identity and can impact aspirations and expectations of roles in families and society. However, the world represented in children's books reflects predominantly middle class, heterosexual, male heroes and characters. This paper reports on a cross-cultural study investigating gender representation in frequently read picture books across eight early learning centres in the United States and Australia. Forty-four educators working with 271 children participated. Data were collected from book audits and observations. Unique to this study is the presentation of a new data analysis instrument, Harper's Framework of Gender Stereotypes Contained in Children's Literature. The majority of the books shared by educators in this study promoted traditional, binary and stereotypical viewpoints of gender and gender roles. These findings are concerning as the evidence shows that gender development is a critical part of the earliest and most important learning experience of young children and a requirement of educational policies rooted in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to introduce this special issue, which contains selected papers from the 13th Annual European Learning Styles Information Network (ELSIN) conference held in Ghent, Belgium in June 2008. One of the key aims of ELSIN is to promote understanding of individual learning and cognitive differences through the dissemination of international multidisciplinary research about learning and cognitive styles and strategies of learning and thinking. Design/methodology/approach – Three papers within this special issue consider how style differences can inform the development of e-learning opportunities to enhance the learning of all (Vigentini; Kyprianidou, Demetriadis, Pombortsis and Karatasios; Zhu, Valcke and Schellens). The influence of culture on learning is also raised in the paper of Zhu et al. and those of Sulimma and Eaves which both focus more directly on cultural influences on style, learning and teaching. Findings – A number of key themes permeate the studies included in this special edition such as: the nature of styles; the intrinsic difficulty of isolating style variables from other variables impacting on performance; inherent difficulties in choosing the most appropriate style measures; the potential of e-learning to attend to individual learning differences; the role of culture in informing attitudes and access to learning; the development of constructivist learning environments to support learning through an understanding of individual differences and most importantly how one can apply such insights about individual differences to inform and enhance instruction. Originality/value – The papers in this special issue contribute to enhanced knowledge about the value of style differences to design constructive learning environments in multicultural and e-learning contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since 1950, the Human Relations Area Files, Inc. has produced what is currently known as the eHRAF Collection of Ethnography. This article explores the reasons why it was created and describes the structure of this complex collection of ethnographic works. Over time, this resource has been produced in four different formats: paper slips, microfiche, CD-ROM, and online. The similarities among and differences between these are discussed. An attempt to locate any remaining paper sets is described, and a list of current locations of the file in this, its original form, is included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper introduces three empirical studies which relate the religious beliefs and practices or rural older adults from different ethnic groups to their health behaviors. It briefly describes the rationale for the studies and their main components, including their aims, study sites, study populations, methods used, and their principal findings. Then it discusses two primary themes which run through all the papers, namely rurality and cross-cultural comparisons. Finally, several secondary themes are discussed, including the importance of place, types of analysis, variable definition, causal relationships among variables, types of healing, locus of control, discourses about religion and health, and the religion and health connection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is a collection of articles from the Traditional Dwellings & Settlements Review. The first article discusses the concept of architectural regionalism and its current status. The second article explores the architectural practices of immigrant communities in a cross-cultural context. The third article examines the definition of architecture in Arabic writing and its evolution over time. The fourth article focuses on the architectural contributions of early Black settlers in Canada and the impact of racism and displacement on their built environment. The fifth article speculates on how rethinking the relationship between a bylaw and a proposed building project can empower historically disadvantaged groups. Each article provides unique insights into the respective topics and offers valuable perspectives for further research. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of FORUM is the property of John Benjamins Publishing Co. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Glasbenopedagoški Zbornik is the property of University of Ljubljana, Academy of Music and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Two theoretical constructs (the bilingual mental lexicon and the depth of processing framework) and the Whorfian hypothesis of linguistic determinism plus related concepts (differentiation, codability, and Zift's law) are incorporated into a framework in this paper to account for the representation of (cross-)cultural information in bilingual lexicography. After briefly introducing the theoretical framework, the paper goes on to discuss the representation of literal, conceptual, and cross-cultural aspects in the Chinese--English Dictionary (Unabridged) (henceforth the CEDU) in three sections: making explicit the implicit literal or etymological information to account for senses in use; acculturating expressions, definitions, and illustrative examples; and cultural immersion in exemplification appealing to both refined and popular tastes. Each section encompasses multilevel factors in the treatment of bilingual entries with a focus on (cross-) cultural representations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mycology, the study of fungi, is a relatively young and underexplored discipline with a strong culture of field collection and study. The Yorkshire Mycological Committee (YMC) of the Yorkshire Naturalist's Union, formed in 1892, became the first permanent mycological organization within Great Britain. Well renowned and highly competent, the members of the YMC espoused a distinctive philosophy and practice of science that led them into a drawn-out conflict with the newly established British Mycological Society that continues to impact the practice of British field mycology today. This paper explores the philosophy, practice, and hierarchy of the Yorkshire mycologists and fungal collectors through the lens of their regional identity. To do so, it examines similarities and differences between the Yorkshire expressions of mycology and cricket around the turn of the twentieth century, with the latter already well established as a major vehicle for expressions of the region's identity. It argues that both activities stem from a distinct Yorkshire identity and culture that both superseded and intersected with other factors such as class and authority. In doing so, it highlights the importance of provincial identities and scientific movements in informing and influencing wider disciplinary philosophies and practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the factors that predict children's willingness to have contact with those from cultures in conflict, using data collected in 2014–2015 from the TEC4Schools program which begins online and eventually includes face-to-face contact. Hierarchical regression analysis was conducted on the results of the questionnaire from 577 students. The predictors were entered in four steps: (1) personal details (gender and religion), (2) equity and satisfaction (3) collaboration (the use of collaborative learning in the course), and (4) intercultural attitudes. Both intercultural attitudes and positive experiences are associated with collaboration and predict the dependent variable: the willingness of the children to interact with those from other cultures. Satisfaction and equity do not directly predict willingness to interact with other children but do so via collaboration. In addition, the variable 'intercultural attitudes' is a mediator for collaboration, meaning that collaboration does predict willingness to interact with other cultures via intercultural attitudes. Although the findings show that gender and religion do not predict willingness to interact, there are significant differences in gender and/or religion in satisfaction, equity, intercultural attitudes, and collaboration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Indialogs, Spanish Journal of India Studies is the property of Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Some advertisements include celebrity endorsers hoping that will increase the popularity of the ad and, thereby, the celebrity status will be positively associated with the brand. This paper reports the findings of a cross-cultural study undertaken across the cities Hong Kong, Shanghai, Jakarta, Bangkok and Mumbai, using the Foote, Cone & Belding (FCB) grid to determine whether the appearance of a celebrity increases the chance for the advertisement to be liked. The results found that the use of celebrity endorsements in liked advertisements differed considerably, which provide an insight for advertisers developing campaigns using celebrities in different Asian markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper argues against a prevailing culture-free tendency in cross-cultural qualitative research that has been normalized by conventional qualitative research methodology to propose "chameleonization," a culturally sensitive research process. First, I delineate the paradoxes encountered in comparative research of Sino-U.S. university partnerships by comparing five fieldwork elements: research ethics, access to fields, informed consent, informants' recruitment, and interview environment and process. The comparison reveals that the seemingly "golden" rule of Western-centered qualitative research and procedure were both disturbing and paralyzing in non-Western fields. Subsequently, this work deciphers these paradoxes with Hofstede's cultural dimension theory as a main analytical framework, supplemented by theories from cultural theorists in the two cultures. These paradoxes can be resolved through a chameleonization process through which researchers attune to a postmodern crossculturalness by navigating the "folds of culture," as characterized by their cross-cultural qualitative fields. Tentative strategies for applying chameleonization to activate, solidify, and extend a "folding-unfolding-refolding" process are then proposed, followed by a discussion on the approach's potential limitations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In distance cross-cultural supervision scenarios PhD students are supported by supervisors located in different cultural contexts, which may, or may not be, the same as that of the student. Very little research has been conducted into experiences of cross-cultural supervision. This paper aims to explores opportunities and challenges for students and supervisors, drawing on qualitative research into their experiences of supervision. Participants were Saudi Arabian students, and UK and Saudi based supervisors. Investigation of three main areas – roles and expectations, communications and technology, and personal and professional development – revealed common issues, and some specific to either students or supervisors. These include language, feedback, technology and professional learning and align with 'intensifiers' identified as making supervision complex or difficult for international PhD students. However, other issues were also identified which need to be discussed openly to ensure that the potential benefits of cross-cultural supervision are realised. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This autoethnographic article begins with a brief survey of some cross-cultural perspective based on diverse but collaborative authorial backgrounds in musical education from Africa and the United States, respectively. They describe their music teaching experiences and the changes they have made in their knowledge, skills, and preferences in music cultures and teaching methodology to succeed in their respective teaching positions. Their paper argues for keeping children at the heart of debates linked to their development. Towards this end, they contend that, instead of students adapting automatically to their teachers' music culture, music educators expand their knowledge, skills and preferences to include the enculturative music preference of their students. Such an approach avoids enculturational discontinuity, particularly disrupting the cultural continuity of lifelong learning in music, as in case of the effects of colonialism and cultural marginalisation have had on educational curricula. In addition, we adjusted our teaching methodology to include more student-centred, participatory, collaborative instruction. This article, therefore, advocates for providing students with opportunities for contributing to research development, gaining experience with issues involving cultural policies and for reinterpreting and recirculating examples of contemporary global forms of music in addition to creating and expanding music-making in their music culture. The article, therefore, recommends for the preparation and certification of trans-musical and bitemporal music educators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes metaphorical conceptualizations of happiness in the historical corpus of Classical Malay and in the corpus of present-day Indonesian, the national variety of Malay used in Indonesia. The aim is to explore the idea of diachronic salience and universal/variation in metaphorical conceptualizations between diachronic varieties of the same language. Token and type frequencies are used as measures of salience of the metaphors. Seven of the top-10 metaphors in Classical Malay with high token and type frequencies also make into the top-10 metaphors ranked by these measures in Indonesian, suggesting a relatively stable diachronic salience of the metaphoric cognitive models of happiness in these two Malay varieties. The shared metaphors are parts of larger networks of semantic domains, namely possession, location, motion, containment, and quantity. The metaphors are discussed in relation to themes reported in earlier cross-cultural psychological studies of the cultural folk models of happiness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to argue for a multi-dimensional and developmental notion of researcher positionality in conducting qualitative research, in lieu of the dichotomous notion of outsider and insider. The former emphasizes the agentive role researchers play in knowledge production, whereas the latter has been much challenged as oversimplified and insufficient in understanding the dynamic interactions in which field researchers engage. Design/methodology/approach: The paper borrows Milner's (2007) four-level framework of research personality to reflect on one cross-cultural narrative inquiry study. Findings: Reflective stories revealed that researcher positionality captures threads of intersectionality as well as inter- and intra-personal dynamics, and thus better informs the research process than what concept of insider/outsider dichotomy can do. Research limitations/implications: The paper enriches the discussion of research positionality in qualitative research by involving a cross-cultural study where the researcher moved to-and-fro two sites. Practical implications: The paper suggests a methodological and practical way of raising researcher's awareness and agency relative to positionality by exposing the researcher to cross-cultural settings. Originality/value: While the multi-dimensional aspect of researcher positionality and its relatedness to research findings has been much discussed, not much acknowledgment has been given to the developmental aspect of research positionality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores specific features and the role played by a pictorial metaphor as employed in the Media in a cross-cultural context (in the Georgian and English languages and cultures) and discusses the cases when a photo depicting the events in an article is mistaken for the pictorial metaphor. In addition, the similarities and differences in the usage of pictorial metaphor in the Georgian and English press are explored and their pragmatic functions are revealed. Specifically, the aims of the paper include: (1) To show similarities and differences in the usage of pictorial metaphor in Georgian and English press. (2) To reveal the consequences of mistaking pictorial metaphor in press for the images enclosed to the articles. It is a qualitative research which includes surveys, questionnaires, comparing the culture-specific attitudes towards the issue. The theoretical background of the research is Charles Forceville's fourfold distinction of pictorial metaphor into: (A) Hybrid type of Metaphor. (B) Contextual Metaphor. (C) Simile. (D) Integrated Metaphor. The empirical data this paper is based on embrace the relevant examples from English and Georgian printed and online newspapers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cultural empathy is the central part in the whole system of cross-cultural communication. Meanwhile, cross-cultural communicative ability is extremely important in foreign language teaching. It plays a crucial role in multiple ways. This paper explores the relationship between the cultural empathy and cross-cultural communicative ability, aiming to build an effective foreign language training model to improve students' skills in cross-cultural communication. Through two investigations into cultural empathy and cross-cultural communicative ability obtained by sixty undergraduates from the English department at Zhejiang Ocean University, it further proposes that there is a positive correlation of the ability of cultural empathy with the cross-cultural communicative ability. This is of great guiding significance for foreign language teaching in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inter-household private transfers are one of the main informal insurance mechanisms that prevalently implemented in developing countries. Unfortunately, most of the literatures investigates the private transfer motives at static perspectives. Therefore, this paper took advantage to investigate the private transfers motives in Thailand over the past three decades in order to examine any changing patterns of transfer motives. The empirical results from econometric methods indicated that as the economy in Thailand continues to develop, altruism remains dominant for private interhousehold motives in Thailand and persists over time, not only in rural but also urban areas of the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An introduction is presented in which the editor discusses various reports within the issue on topics including the dynamic feature of interaction process, the sequential organization of communicative practices and the collaborative action of enculturation.

Finally, the fourteen articles accepted for this special issue exceeded in diversity and richness the topics previously proposed, being organized into seven categories: Social policies and community intervention, Innovation in community intervention, Community intervention at disasters, Community psychology in educational context, Interculturality and community psychology, Community psychology concepts update, and Training in community psychology. B Interculturality and community psychology b integrates an article from Zambrano, Garcés, Olate, Treumún and Román, entitled Construction of an Intercultural Preventive Strategy of Alcohol Use in Rural Mapuche Communities: A Community-based Participatory Research. B Training in community psychology b incorporates a manuscript from Fox and Nic Giolla Easpaig, entitled Engaging Community Critical Methodologies in Teaching with Undergraduate Psychology Students. [Extracted from the article]

ABSTRACT In the context of a broader research study on the intercultural understanding of teachers in Australia, Japan and Thailand, this paper focuses on approaches to learning and the role of assessment in shaping such approaches. Popular contrasts portray Asian learners as compliant and favouring rote memorisation and Western learners as independent and favouring deep, conceptual learning. Yet Asian students frequently outperform theft Western counterparts in competitive tests purported to measure higher cognitive skills. Biggs and his associates have challenged the stereotypical view of Asian students as rote learners as a Western misperception. But data from the present cross-cultural study suggest it is more than a Western misperception, being shared by teachers in Japan and Thailand. With this background, this paper then explores the role of assessment through an analysis of examination papers in the three countries at the high stakes, year 12 level. This analysis of the ways in which knowledge and comprehension are assessed identifies different practices across cultures but not ones corresponding to the rhetoric on contrasting approaches to learning. Rather it concludes that assessment tasks classified superficially as comprehension can be approached through memorisation and conversely, those often classified as memorisation can require careful reading, thought and interpretation, while drawing from an extensive knowledge base. A shared understanding of the nature of assessment tasks in different cultures thus has the potential to dissolve the demarcation of culturally embedded learning styles and to enhance deep learning grounded in specialist knowledge for scholars, be they students or teachers, in all cultures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Only very few studies specifically tackled leadership, and in that, these papers mainly focused on how women lead (Topi'c et al., [18]), which has been a focus of scholarly inquiry on women and leadership since pioneering studies into this issue (Aldoory, [3]; Aldoory & Toth, [2]). Leadership and women in public relations is not on the mainstream research agenda. For example, the Plank Center in the United States conducts globally renowned research into leadership in public relations and also collects information on public relations and leadership scholarship. In addition to this, and since the EUPRERA project/network work is not funded by EUPRERA, I would like to thank Leeds Business School for funding my time to work on this special issue and on the EUPRERA project. [Extracted from the article]