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4 results on '"Alcalay, L."'

1. Stereotypes of age differences in personality traits: universal and accurate?

Author

Chan W, Mccrae RR, De Fruyt F, Jussim L, Löckenhoff CE, De Bolle M, Costa PT, Sutin AR, Realo A, Allik J, Nakazato K, Shimonaka Y, Hřebíčková M, Graf S, Yik M, Brunner-Sciarra M, De Figueroa NL, Schmidt V, Ahn CK, Ahn HN, Aguilar-Vafaie ME, Siuta J, Szmigielska B, Cain TR, Crawford JT, Mastor KA, Rolland JP, Nansubuga F, Miramontez DR, Benet-Martínez V, Rossier J, Bratko D, Marušić I, Halberstadt J, Yamaguchi M, Knežević G, Martin TA, Gheorghiu M, Smith PB, Barbaranelli C, Wang L, Shakespeare-Finch J, Lima MP, Klinkosz W, Sekowski A, Alcalay L, Simonetti F, Avdeyeva TV, Pramila VS, and Terracciano A

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Personality Inventory, Reproducibility of Results, Social Perception, Surveys and Questionnaires, Young Adult, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Personality physiology, Stereotyping
Abstract

Age trajectories for personality traits are known to be similar across cultures. To address whether stereotypes of age groups reflect these age-related changes in personality, we asked participants in 26 countries (N = 3,323) to rate typical adolescents, adults, and old persons in their own country. Raters across nations tended to share similar beliefs about different age groups; adolescents were seen as impulsive, rebellious, undisciplined, preferring excitement and novelty, whereas old people were consistently considered lower on impulsivity, activity, antagonism, and Openness. These consensual age group stereotypes correlated strongly with published age differences on the five major dimensions of personality and most of 30 specific traits, using as criteria of accuracy both self-reports and observer ratings, different survey methodologies, and data from up to 50 nations. However, personal stereotypes were considerably less accurate, and consensual stereotypes tended to exaggerate differences across age groups., ((PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved).)

Published
2012
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2. Stereotypes of age differences in personality traits : universal and accurate?

Author

Chan, W., McCrae, R.R., De Fruyt, F., Jussim, L., Löckenhoff, C.E., De Bolle, M., Costa, P.T., Sutin, A.R., Realo, A., Allik, J., Nakazato, K., Shimonaka, Y., Hřebíčková, M., Kourilova, S., Yik, M., Ficková, E., Brunner-Sciarra, M., Leibovich de Figueora, N., Schmidt, V., Ahn, C., Ahn, H., Aguilar-Vafaie, M.E., Siuta, J., Szmigielska, B., Cain, T.R., Crawford, J.T., Mastor, K.A., Rolland, J.P., Nansubuga, F., Miramontez, D.R., Benet-Martínez, V., Rossier, J., Bratko, D., Marusić, I., Halberstadt, J., Yamaguchi, M., Knezević, G., Martin, T.A., Gheorghiu, M., Smith, P.B., Barbaranelli, C., Wang, L., Shakespeare-Finch, J., Lima, M.P., Klinkosz, W., Sekowski, A., Alcalay, L., Simonetti, F., Avdeyeva, T.V., Pramila, V.S., Terracciano, A., Department of psychology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey [New Brunswick] (RU), Rutgers University System (Rutgers)-Rutgers University System (Rutgers), Centre de Recherche sur le Sport et le Mouvement (CeRSM), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Queen's University [Belfast] (QUB), University of Sussex, and Peking University [Beijing]

Subjects
Male, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#5.01.01 [https], stereotypes, Sociology and Political Science, Personality Inventory, five-factor model, 050109 social psychology, personality perception, Developmental psychology, cross-cultural, Surveys and Questionnaires, Young adult, Big Five personality traits, media_common, Aged, 80 and over, Social perception, 05 social sciences, Age Factors, [SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, Emotion Cognition et Comportement, Middle Aged, Social Perception, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Female, medicine.symptom, Personality Assessment Inventory, Psychology, Social psychology, Personality, Adult, Cross-Cultural Comparison, aging, five factor model, Social Psychology, Adolescent, media_common.quotation_subject, Impulsivity, 050105 experimental psychology, Young Adult, Openness to experience, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Aged, Stereotyping, Reproducibility of Results, Cross-cultural studies, Five Factor Model, Aged 80 and over
Abstract

Age trajectories for personality traits are known to be similar across cultures. To address whether stereotypes of age groups reflect these age-related changes in personality, we asked participants in 26 countries (N = 3,323) to rate typical adolescents, adults, and old persons in their own country. Raters across nations tended to share similar beliefs about different age groups; adolescents were seen as impulsive, rebellious, undisciplined, preferring excitement and novelty, whereas old people were consistently considered lower on impulsivity, activity, antagonism, and Openness. These consensual age group stereotypes correlated strongly with published age differences on the five major dimensions of personality and most of 30 specific traits, using as criteria of accuracy both self-reports and observer ratings, different survey methodologies, and data from up to 50 nations. However, personal stereotypes were considerably less accurate, and consensual stereotypes tended to exaggerate differences across age groups. This is the peer reviewed version of the article: Chan, W.; McCrae, R. R.; De Fruyt, F.; Jussim, L.; Loeckenhoff, C. E.; De Bolle, M.; Costa, P. T.; Sutin, A. R.; Realo, A.; Allik, J.; Nakazato, K.; Shimonaka, Y.; Hrebickova, M.; Graf, S.; Yik, M.; Brunner-Sciarra, M.; de Figueora, N. L.; Schmidt, V.; Ahn, C.-K.; Ahn, H.; Aguilar-Vafaie, M. E.; Siuta, J.; Szmigielska, B.; Cain, T. R.; Crawford, J. T.; Mastor, K. A.; Rolland, J.-P.; Nansubuga, F.; Miramontez, D. R.; Benet-Martinez, V.; Rossier, J.; Bratko, D.; Marušić, I.; Halberstadt, J.; Yamaguchi, M.; Knežević, G.; Martin, T. A.; Gheorghiu, M.; Smith, P. B.; Barbaranelli, C.; Wang, L.; Shakespeare-Finch, J.; Lima, M. P.; Klinkosz, W.; Sekowski, A.; Alcalay, L.; Simonetti, F.; Avdeyeva, T. V.; Pramila, V. S.; Terracciano, A. Stereotypes of Age Differences in Personality Traits: Universal and Accurate? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2012, 103 (6), 1050–1066. [https://doi.org/10.1037/a0029712]

Published
2012

3. Universal sex differences in the desire for sexual variety : tests from 52 nations, 6 continents, and 13 islands

Author

Schmitt, D. P., Alcalay, L., Allik, J., Ault, L., Austers, I., Bennett, K. L., Bianchi, G., Boholst, F., Cunen, M. A. Borg, Braeckman, J., Jr, E. G. Brainerd, Caral, L. G. A., Caron, G., Casullo, M. Martina, Cunningham, M., Daibo, I., Backer, C. De, Souza, E. De, Diaz-Loving, R., Diniz, G., Durkin, K., Echegaray, M., Eremsoy, E., Euler, H. A., Falzon, R., Fisher, M. L., Foley, D., Fry, D. P., Fry, S., Ghayur, M. Arif, Golden, D. L., Grammer, K., Grimaldi, L., Halberstadt, J., Herrera, D., Hertel, J., Hoffmann, H., Hooper, D., Hradilekova, Z., Hudek-Kene-evi, J., Jaafar, J., Jankauskaite, M., Kabangu-Stahel, H., Kardum, I., Khoury, B., Kwon, H., Laidra, K., Laireiter, A.-R., Lakerveld, D., Lampert, A., Lauri, M., Lee, S.-J., Leung, L. Chung, Locke, K. D., Locke, V., Luksik, I., Magaisa, I., Marcinkeviciene, D., Mata, A., Mata, R., McCarthy, B., Mills, M. E., Moreira, J., Moreira, S., Moya, M., Munyae, M., Noller, P., Opre, A., Panayiotou, Alexia, Petrovic, N., Poels, K., Popper, M., Poulimenou, M., P'yatokha, V., Raymond, M. A., Reips, U.-D., Reneau, S. E., Rivera-Aragon, S., Rowatt, W. C., Ruch, W., Rus, V. S., Safir, M. P., Salas, S., Sambataro, F., Sandnabba, K. N., Schulmeyer, M. K., Schutz, A., Scrimali, T., Shackelford, T. K., Shaver, P. R., Sichona, F., Simonetti, F., Sineshaw, T., Speelman, T., Spyrou, S., Sumer, H. C., Sumer, N., Supekova, M., Szlendak, T., Taylor, R., Timmermans, B., Tooke, W., Tsaousis, I., Tungaraza, F. S. K., Vandermassen, G., Vanhoomissen, T., Overwalle, F. Van, Vanwesenbeeck, I., Vasey, P. L., Verissimo, J., Voracek, M., Wan, W. W. N., Wang, T.-W., Weiss, P., Wijaya, A., Woertman, L., Youn, G., Zupaneie, A., Lavallée, M., Panayiotou, Alexia [0000-0001-6351-4883], Echegaray, Marcela, Herrera, Dora, Personality and Social Psychology, and Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Subjects
Adult, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Male, Time Factors, Social Psychology, Sociology and Political Science, sociale roles, Sexual Behavior, Culture, Poison control, Human sexuality, Interpersonal relations, Female, Humans, Sex Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Mujeres-Conducta sexual, Conducta sexual, Interpersonal relationship, Mate selection -- Case studies, ddc:150, Sex differences, East Asia, Psychosexual behavior, Men-Psychosexual behavior, Sexual differentiation, International Sexuality Description Project, Women-Psychosexual behavior, Physical attractiveness, Evolutionary psychology, Psicología / Psicología de la conducta, Mate choice, Hombres-Conducta sexual, Psychology, Social psychology, Demography
Abstract

Evolutionary psychologists have hypothesized that men and women possess both long-term and short-term mating strategies, with men's short-term strategy differentially rooted in the desire for sexual variety. In this article, findings from a cross-cultural survey of 16,288 people across 10 major world regions (including North America, South America, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, Southern Europe, Middle East, Africa, Oceania, South/Southeast Asia, and East Asia) demonstrate that sex differences in the desire for sexual variety are culturally universal throughout these world regions. Sex differences were evident regardless of whether mean, median, distributional, or categorical indexes of sexual differentiation were evaluated. Sex differences were evident regardless of the measures used to evaluate them. Among contemporary theories of human mating, pluralistic approaches that hypothesize sex differences in the evolved design of short-term mating provide the most compelling account of these robust empirical findings., peer-reviewed

Published
2003

4. Patterns and Universals of Mate Poaching Across 53 Nations: The Effects of Sex, Culture, and Personality on Romantically Attracting Another Person's Partner

Author

Schmitt, D. P., Alcalay, L., Allik, J., Angleitner, A., Ault, L., Austers, I., Bennett, K. L., Bianchi, G., Boholst, F., Cunen, M. A. Borg, Braeckman, J., Jr, E. G. Brainerd, Caral, L. G. A., Caron, G., Casullo, M. Martina, Cunningham, M., Daibo, I., Backer, C. De, Souza, E. De, Diaz-Loving, R., Diniz, G., Durkin, K., Echegaray, M., Eremsoy, E., Euler, H. A., Falzon, R., Fisher, M. L., Foley, D., Fry, D. P., Fry, S., Ghayur, M. Arif, Golden, D. L., Grammer, K., Grimaldi, L., Halberstadt, J., Haque, S., Herrera, D., Hertel, J., Hoffmann, H., Hooper, D., Hradilekova, Z., Hudek-Kene-evi, J., Jaafar, J., Jankauskaite, M., Kabangu-Stahel, H., Kardum, I., Khoury, B., Kwon, H., Laidra, K., Laireiter, A.-R., Lakerveld, D., Lampert, A., Lauri, M., Lee, S.-J., Leung, L. Chung, Locke, K. D., Locke, V., Luksik, I., Magaisa, I., Marcinkeviciene, D., Mata, A., Mata, R., McCarthy, B., Mills, M. E., Mkhize, N. J., Moreira, J., Moreira, S., Moya, M., Munyae, M., Noller, P., Opre, A., Panayiotou, Alexia, Petrovic, N., Poels, K., Popper, M., Poulimenou, M., P'yatokha, V., Raymond, M. A., Reips, U.-D., Reneau, S. E., Rivera-Aragon, S., Rowatt, W. C., Ruch, W., Rus, V. S., Safir, M. P., Salas, S., Sambataro, F., Sandnabba, K. N., Schulmeyer, M. K., Schutz, A., Scrimali, T., Shackelford, T. K., Shaver, P. R., Sichona, F., Simonetti, F., Sineshaw, T., Speelman, T., Spyrou, S., Sumer, H. Canan, Sumer, N., Supekova, M., Szlendak, T., Taylor, R., Timmermans, B., Tooke, W., Tsaousis, I., Tungaraza, F. S. K., Vandermassen, G., Vanhoomissen, T., Overwalle, F. Van, Vanwesenbeeck, I., Vasey, P. L., Verissimo, J., Voracek, M., Wan, W. W. N., Wang, T.-W., Weiss, P., Wijaya, A., Woertman, L., Youn, G., Zupaneie, A., Lavallée, M., and Panayiotou, Alexia [0000-0001-6351-4883]

Subjects
Adult, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Male, Sociology and Political Science, Social Psychology, Interpersonal attraction -- Case studies, media_common.quotation_subject, Sexual Behavior, Culture, Poison control, Human sexuality, Interpersonal relations -- Case studies, Interpersonal attraction, ddc:150, Mate selection, Personality, Humans, East Asia, Interpersonal Relations, media_common, Extramarital sex, Female, Love, Sexual attraction, Poaching, Gender studies, Psychology, Social psychology
Abstract

As part of the International Sexuality Description Project, 16,954 participants from 53 nations were administered an anonymous survey about experiences with romantic attraction. Mate poaching--romantically attracting someone who is already in a relationship--was most common in Southern Europe, South America, Western Europe, and Eastern Europe and was relatively infrequent in Africa, South/Southeast Asia, and East Asia. Evolutionary and social-role hypotheses received empirical support. Men were more likely than women to report having made and succumbed to short-term poaching across all regions, but differences between men and women were often smaller in more gender-egalitarian regions. People who try to steal another's mate possess similar personality traits across all regions, as do those who frequently receive and succumb to the poaching attempts by others. The authors conclude that human mate-poaching experiences are universally linked to sex, culture, and the robust influence of personal dispositions., peer-reviewed

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