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A literary criticism of the book "Oil!," by Upton Sinclair is presented. It remember its translation of the former Yugoslavia It considers the film adaptation "There Will Be Blood" for the book. It discusses the differences in political and cultural contexts, and the status of literature in the previous and in the present times.

The article presents a literary criticism of the book "The Tenant of Wildfell Hall' by Anne Brontë. It discusses the feminism found in the book as midway between the continuum created by Mary Wollstonecraft, who thought women should be equal to men and engage in the same pursuits, to Hannah More, who thought women were superior to men and should act as moral guides for society. It notes that Brontë refuses either to elevate or indict the heroine of the book.

Feminist literary theory and criticism have taken the human body as a relevant guideline to explain literary texts written by women. However, they have neglected an equally important aspect: the poetic function of language. This article is an attempt to bring back to the theoretical discussion the need to strike a balance between the communicative and the poetic functions of language, both of which are inherent to the literary text. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the element of the Female Gothic and violence in various novels, particularly the "Manfroné" by Mary-Anne Radcliffe. It discusses the concept of Female Gothic, a termed first coined in the book "Literary Women," by Ellen Moers, which means a Gothic work produced by, and examined what it meant to be, a woman in the context of patriarchal society. An overview of the plot of Manfroné is provided, which describes the violence and women in the story.

In this article we propose an analysis of the reception of Latin American women's writers (1900-1950). First, we establish a dialogue between critical and social discourses, and then we relate these discourses with our interpretations of female texts. In this context, we study three female images in the critical discourse: the acceptable representation of the woman-mother, the more critical of the feminist and the woman-worker, and, finally, the censured image of the lesbian-woman. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on periodical literary criticism during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. During the second half of the eighteenth century, as Great Britain saw a rapid increase in both literacy and the volume of new publications, an innovative form of periodical appeared—the literary review. Periodicals commenting upon literature had for some time enjoyed great popularity and influence. Literary reviews came to dominate the practice of literary criticism by the beginning of the nineteenth century, determining the shape of Romantic-era popular literary taste. These new publications offered writers plentiful opportunities for paid work and provided a venue where they could hone theft critical and creative skills, and so helped to drive the shift during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries from an amateur literary culture grounded in patronage to a professional one in which the relationship between writers and theft booksellers and editors emphasized clear terms of payment. Although women frequently turned to writing as a source of income, criticism for a well-known literary review remained during these years by and large the province of men. The years preceding the British Victorian era present very few opportunities to become acquainted with the work of a professional woman literary critic.

Horeck looks at what happens when a feminist author attempts to rewrite one of culture's most powerful narratives: the story of female victimization and male sexual violence. Exploring the controversy surrounding Sarah Dunant's 1997 thriller Transgressions, a novel accused of being 'anti-feminist' for its alleged depiction of female sexual arousal in a rape scene, she asks after feminism's fictional investment in images of rape. What kind of cultural work are images of sexual violence being made to perform for feminist crime writers? Her contention is that Dunant's novel exemplifies the purchase that rape holds for feminism as a scenario for working through questions of female agency and male-female sexual relations. Through her represenation of the female translator's attempt to rewrite a dominant cultural narrative of male brutality and female victimization, Dunant is thematizing the difficult work of the feminist crime writer. But while the novel's fictional representation of sex and violence can be read as an attempt to unsettle governing gender codes, Horeck argues that it also inadvertently shows up the limitations of the female crime writer's attempt to fight 'fantasy with fantasy'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Argues on the implementation of a classroom approach to teaching Leslie Marmon Silko's novel `Storyteller.' Multicultural critical background of the literature; Feminist theoretical approaches to reading the texts.

The publication of texts by Chicana feminists in the 1980s offered an alternative mapping of feminist literary cartographies and subject positions. This article examines the work of contemporary Chicana writer, Sandra Cisneros, whose literary text enacts a practice of Chicana feminism that engages with a transnational, transfronteriza practice of feminismo popular, which literally translates as 'popular feminism'. This type of border feminism articulates a feminist materialist aesthetics that enables us to re-examine an emergent formation of feminism on the border, a formation characterized by specific types of movements of Mexican women across geopolitical boundaries and borders. The complex movements of this transnational Chicana feminism are announced in the story 'Woman Hollering Creek', which complicates the binarisms of the metropolitan opposed to the rural, the core and periphery, and militates against a reductionist opposition of First World versus Third World. I argue that armed with a transfrontera feminism, the protagonist Cleofilas and her peers can resist the power of a transnational media. This story changes the subject of dominant, patriarchal discourse and lets readers imagine how Chicana transfrontera feminism and Mexican feminismo popular can converge in other spaces and under other circumstances to produce socially nuanced global Chicana Mexicana coalitions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analyzes Alice Fulton's feminist experimentalism in her book of poems, `Sensual Math.' Author's assertion of her position outside conventional gender configurations; Alternative understanding of gender; Powerful dynamics and manifold restrictions of binarized gender; Androcentric dimensions highlighted by her feminist experimentalism; Language as a means of construction rather than representation.

Focuses on Jane Austen's response to the prevailing ideas of her time on sexual stereotyping and the emergence of a feminist perspective in her novels. Parallelism with her mastery of novel-writing; Applications of the Rousseauist model in two novels as formal and conceptual evolution for Austen; Reversal of attitude toward sexual education; The marriage relation as a democratic political ideal.

Focuses on the transparency of the male narrative in `Der Butt,' by Gunter Grass. Criticism from feminists regarding portrayal of women and female sexuality; Feminist theme of `Der Butt.'

Explores the social conscience of Elizabeth Bishops by examining some of her famous works. Historical context of early career; Relationship to feminism; Significance of Bishop's female characters in her works; Complicated relationship to the political and intellectual climate of the thirties; Adrienne Rich's remarks on Bishop's reticence; Criticisms of male poets and other colleagues.

Studies the textual map language used by contemporary Canadian writers Aritha van Herk, Margaret Atwood and Jeannette Armstrong. Van Herk's `Places Far From Ellesmere'; `The Robber Bride'; `This Is a Story.' Versions of new feminist cartography in fiction and development of disruptive geographies through textual mapping.

Explores William Faulkner's depiction of the historical and ethical relation of human being to the earth and its life. Tradition's focus on the feminine as source of vitality as revealed in `Epic of Gilgamesh'; Human drama of miscegenation, incest, and betrayal as an allegory of the landscape's revenge; Causal connection between feminine sexuality and land destruction.

Examines Robert Penn Warren's novels for evidence of a complimentary feminist text. Female characters who chose to ally themselves with sources of male power; Woman as plot device; Narrative distance and the unreliable narrator.

Uncovers subversive political strategies in the 1928 short story written by Chilean feminist Amanda Labarca Hubertson entitled `Defenseless.' Protagonist's inability to distinguish fact from fantasy; Social conditioning of women; Alienated communication.

Examines Nathaniel Hawthorne's short story entitled `Wakefield' through a feminist perspective. Use of Michel Foucault's arguments in his book `The History of Sexuality, Volume 1'; Analysis of the characters Mr. and Mrs. Wakefield; Analysis of the role of the narrator in the story.

Discusses the paradox regarding the reputation of American writer Margaret Fuller. Attention received from scholars as the author of the essay `Woman in the Nineteenth Century' which analyzes gender roles; Attempts by critics and historians to relate Fuller's intellectual achievements to the history of American feminism; Fuller's transcendentalist approach.

Discusses Fyodor Dostoevsky's polemic against socialist feminism in his novel `The Possessed.' Association of violence with demonic possession; Rejection of essentialist conception of man; Cruelties experience by females through men; Mockery of socialist women.

Examines the works of writer Harold Pinter and the undercurrent tendency in much of feminist critical practice to identify the gender of the text with that of the writer and conceive gender as the binary category of masculine-feminine. Adoption of gender dichotomy as a silent point of departure; Deconstruction of gender; Most of Pinter's works as typical androcentric texts; Critique of `Old Times' and `A Kind of Alaska.'

Examines several aspects of feminism in popular fiction by women. `By Any Other Name,' by Marion Smith Collins; `Frenchman's Creek,' by Daphne du Maurier; `Five on Treasure Island' and `Five on Kirrin Island Again,' by Enid Blyton.

Discusses black feminism in Zora Neale Hurston's novel `Their Eyes Were Watching God.' Use of laughter and humor to assert the rebelliousness of women characters; Analysis of multiple social determinants.

Argues that recent criticism of Mary Shelley's `Frankenstein' by men and women eerily manifests the text's anxieties about gender and procreation. Feminist criticism of Frankenstein; Demonstration that the operations of criticism are profoundly affected by the unfolding of history; Summary of understandings of feminist views on Frankenstein based on a select group of essays published in prestigious journals.

Provides a critical interpretation of Jean-Jacques Rousseau's novel entitled `La Nouvelle Heloise.' Focus on women's friendship as exemplified by the characters Claire and Julie; Differences among ways novel is read by scholars of political theory and literature; Feminist writers view of the novel.

Discusses the treatment of gender difference and issues in John Milton's `Paradise Lost.' Perception of femininity during the time of Milton; Evolution of Eve's sense of self; Relationship between language and gender.

Critiques the work of Luce Irigaray as a direct challenge to the Lacanian paradigm. How Irigaray uses female imagery and symbolic in her work; Discussion of a possible answer beyond the use of the phallus; Different feminist interpretations of female imagery and symbolic; Factors which are examined to locate female desires historically.

Analyzes gender politics in the poetry and fiction of Michael Ondaatje. Ondaatje's opinion on violence against women; Female steretyopes in Ondaatje's works; Commodification of women's bodies.

Describes how American author Edith Wharton's novel 'Pomegranate Seed' provides an example of ways in which ambivalence towards reading and writing shapes narrative by women. Story's exemplification of anxious power; Reading of the story in the contexts of Wharton's life, psychoanalytic theory, reader-response criticism and feminist theory; Wharton's anxiety about forbidden reading and writing.

Interprets the father-daughter relationship between theorist, Virginia Woolf and her father and Victorian essayist, Leslie Stephen and how it influenced her development as a feminist writer. Women's relationship to literary tradition; Creation of a feminist literary and critical tradition; Women's alienation from linguistic and cultural authority in patriarchal society.

Discusses the intellectual conduit between Charlotte Perkins Gilman's feminism and literary style. Literary devices employed in the novel 'Herland'; Novel's implicit commentary about art, gender and property; Consequences of Gilman's effort to counter what she saw as a bourgeois and masculine aesthetic.

Presents a literary criticism of Victorian poetry through the works of Lord Alfred Tennyson. Lack of substantive works on Victorian poetry; Elements of feminism in Tennyson's works; Traces of political ideology in Tennyson's poems.

Criticizes the literature of Italian writer Grazia Deledda. Treatment of the issue on gender by Deledda; Participation of Dellada in the feminist movement; Evaluation of Dellada's writing as a writing inscribed by the societal and class-determined circumstances that inform her politics of gender; Assumptions of Dellada's ideology; Description of feminine characters.

Talks about Lidia Falcon's theater which seeks to legitimize the female voice, defend a feminist ideal and elaborate a feminist consciousness. Feminism as a pluralistic concept; Falcon's life as an epitome of female struggle both within Spain and in a more universal context; Falcon's view that dramatic art is a communicative process; Association of Falcon's drama with radical feminist thought.

A literary criticism of the book "Miss Marjoribanks," by Margaret Oliphant is presented. It outlines the characters and explores the symbolic significance of these characters. It examines the controlled and directed ironies in the novel about power which demonstrates literary sophistication and the subtle feminism that showed the limitations of the Victorian woman. An overview of the story is also given.

Discusses writer Charlotte Bronte's form of fiction in the context of cultural pressure toward feminine duty and imaginative writing. Response of the writer to the prohibition of autonomous imaginative activity; Effect of the conflict between imaginative expression and necessity of imaginative containment on the writer's art.

Discusses the novel 'Jerusalem the Golden,' by Margaret Drabble. Influence of culture, society and sexuality on women's condition in the novel; Analogy between the novel's protagonist and the writer's search for feminist freedom.

Examines feminism in relation to social and political conditions depicted in the novels of writer, Virginia Woolf. Conflicts in being a woman and a writer; Cultural conditions of women; Need for women to be free so as to differentiate themselves from men; Deprivation of experience, education and money in women; Importance of privacy and freedom to activate to help women develop intellectually.

Discusses Mary Wollstonecraft's book `Rights of Woman' in the context of sexuality and language. Importance of textual analysis to the history of political movement; Deconstructive reading; Restaging the text's intervention in the Revolution Controversy and influence to the deliberation of the National Assembly; Relevance to contemporary struggle and movement concerning women.

Examines feminism in Jane Austen's novels through the creation of male characters. Feminist criticism of Austen's work; Edmund Wilson's criticism of Austen's alleged emotional immaturity; Men as the center of Austen's novels; Austen's focus on the similarities between men's and women's lives.

Examines feminism in Charlotte Bronte's novel `Shirley.' Bronte's essay to Constantin Heger entitled `The Fall of the Leaves' which speculates on the nature of poetic inspiration; Religious assumption in Bronte's fiction; Bronte's location of a revisionary Christianity within a socially engaged historical romance.

Analyzes the novel `Persuasion,' written by Jane Austen in 1815-1816. Focus on women, marriage and the professions; Masculinist versions of Romanticism; Traditional exclusion of women from worldly occupations; Self-realization.